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Fort Madison (Alabama)
Fort Madison was a stockade fort built in August 1813 in present-day Clarke County, Alabama (then Mississippi Territory), during the Creek War, which was part of the larger War of 1812. The fort was built by the United States military in response to attacks by Creek warriors on encroaching American settlers. The fort shared many similarities to surrounding stockade forts in its construction but possessed a number of differences in its defenses. The fort housed members of the United States Army and settlers from the surrounding area, and it was used as a staging area for raids on Creek forces and supply point on further military expeditions. Fort Madison was subsequently abandoned at the conclusion of the Creek War and only a historical marker exists at the site today. History Background The Creek War of 1813 was initially a civil war between two factions of the Creek nation, the Creek national government and the rebellious Red Sticks. The United States government was involved in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suggsville, Alabama
Suggsville is an unincorporated area, unincorporated community in Clarke County, Alabama, Clarke County, Alabama. History Suggsville was laid out as a town in 1819 at the crossing of the Old Line Road and Federal Road (Creek lands), Federal Road. The name was chosen in honor of a local storekeeper, William Suggs. The first newspaper in Clarke County was published here, the ''Clarke County Post''. The town had many residences, stores, and male and female academies prior to the American Civil War, but declined rapidly in the post-war period. The community is located near the site of the Creek War stockades Fort Glass and Fort Madison (Alabama), Fort Madison. The community has one site on the National Register of Historic Places, the Stephen Beech Cleveland House, better known today as "The Lodge". Demographics As of the 1880 U.S. Census, Suggsville as an unincorporated community had 134 persons, then the 3rd largest recorded community in the county behind Grove Hill, Alabam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tombigbee River
The Tombigbee River is a tributary of the Mobile River, approximately 200 mi (325 km) long, in the U.S. states of Mississippi and Alabama. Together with the Alabama, it merges to form the short Mobile River before the latter empties into Mobile Bay on the Gulf of Mexico. The Tombigbee watershed encompasses much of the rural coastal plain of western Alabama and northeastern Mississippi, flowing generally southward. The river provides one of the principal routes of commercial navigation in the southern United States, as it is navigable along much of its length through locks and connected in its upper reaches to the Tennessee River via the Tennessee-Tombigbee Waterway. The name "Tombigbee" comes from Choctaw ''itumbi ikbi'', meaning "box maker, coffin maker", from ''itumbi'', "box, coffin", and ''ikbi'', "maker". The river formed the eastern boundary of the historical Choctaw lands, from the 17th century when they coalesced as a people, to the forced Indian Removal by t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jeremiah Austill
Jeremiah Austill (August 10, 1794 – December 8, 1879) was an American politician, planter and soldier who served in the Alabama Militia during the Creek War, in which he participated in a skirmish that became known as the Canoe Fight. After the Creek War, Austill held various jobs and briefly served as a member of the Alabama House of Representatives. Early life Austill was born on August 10, 1794, near Oconee Station, South Carolina. His father, Evan Austill, was an assistant Indian agent to the Cherokee. In 1798, the Austill family moved to Georgia to live among the Cherokee. By age six, Austill was sent back to South Carolina to attend school. Austill, along with his parents and siblings, moved to Washington County, Mississippi Territory (present-day Clarke County, Alabama) in 1812. Military service Soon after the Austills arrived in Alabama, the Creek War began as a conflict between two rival Creek factions, the Creek national government and the rebellious Red Sticks. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Sinquefield
Fort Sinquefield is the historic site of a wooden stockade fortification in Clarke County, Alabama, United States, near the modern town of Grove Hill. It was built by early Clarke County pioneers as protection during the Creek War and was attacked in 1813 by Creek warriors. A marker was erected at the site by Clarke County school children in 1931 and it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on December 31, 1974. History At the time of the Creek War, originally a civil war within the Creek nation, Clarke was a newly formed county in the Mississippi Territory. The Creek were divided between traditionalists in the Upper Towns and those who had adopted more European-American customs in the Lower Towns. Chiefs of the towns disagreed about the uses of communal land and other issues. The first hostilities of the war that involved Americans occurred nearby during the Battle of Burnt Corn, where white militia attacked the Red Sticks on July 27, 1813. The next month, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Josiah Francis (Hillis Hadjo)
Josiah Francis, also called Francis the Prophet, native name Hillis Hadjo ("crazy-brave medicine") (c. 1770–1818), was a "charismatic religious leader" of the Red Stick Creek Indians. According to the historian Frank Owsley, he became "the most ardent advocate of war against the white man, as he believed in the supremacy of the Creek culture over that of the whites". He traveled to London as a representative of several related tribal groups, unsuccessfully seeking British support against the expansionism of the United States, then was captured and hanged by General Andrew Jackson shortly after his return to Spanish Florida. Name His native name has been written with a variety of spellings in English: Hilis, Hildis, and Hidlis. His last name is found as Hadgo, Hadsho, and Haya. There are also combined forms found, such as Hillishago and Hillishager. "The English always referred to him as Hidlis Hadjo." In a letter, Andrew Jackson called him "Hillishageer". In traditional Creek ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Easley
Fort Easley was a stockade fort built in 1813 in present-day Clarke County, Alabama during the Creek War (part of the larger War of 1812). History Creek War Fort Easley was built in 1813 on the east side of the Tombigbee River to provide local settlers protection from hostile Creek (known as Red Sticks) attacks. The fort was a stockade fort and encompassed three acres and a spring. The fort was named for an early settler of the area. The bluff Fort Easley was built on (Woods Bluff), was named for a Major Wood, who owned the surrounding land and fought in the Battle of Burnt Corn Creek. A camp meeting was held at Fort Easley in early August 1813, prior to the Fort Mims massacre. Occupants from the nearby Turner's Fort also attended the meeting. Guards were stationed around the fort to prevent a surprise attack by Red Stick warriors. On August 21, 1813, a Choctaw warrior from the nearby village of Turkey Town named Bakers Hunter arrived at Fort Easley with news of an impending R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Choctaw
The Choctaw ( ) people are one of the Indigenous peoples of the Southeastern Woodlands of the United States, originally based in what is now Louisiana, Mississippi and Alabama. The Choctaw language is a Western Muskogean language. Today, Choctaw people are enrolled in three federally recognized tribes: the Choctaw Nation of Oklahoma, Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians, Jena Band of Choctaw Indians in Louisiana. Choctaw descendants are also members of other tribes. Etymology The Choctaw autonym is Chahta. "Choctaw" is an anglicized spelling. According to anthropologist John R. Swanton, the Choctaw derived their name from an early leader of the Choctaw people. Language The Choctaw language belongs to the Muskogean language family. The Choctaw language was well known among the American frontiersmen of the early 19th century. In 1870, a Christian Missionary and fluent Choctaw speaker Cyrus Byington published a Choctaw Dictionary ''Grammar of the Choctaw Language.'' Revi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Mims Massacre
The Fort Mims massacre occurred on August 30, 1813, at a fortified homestead site 35-40 miles north of Mobile, Alabama, during the Creek War. A large force of Creek Indians belonging to the Red Sticks faction, under the command of Peter McQueen and William Weatherford, stormed the fort and defeated the militia garrison. The Red Sticks performed the massacre, killing almost all the remaining mixed Creek, white settlers, and militia at Fort Mims. Afterward, they took nearly 100 enslaved African Americans as captives. The small fort consisted of a blockhouse and stockade surrounding the house and outbuildings of settler Samuel Mims. Background At the time of the War of 1812, tensions within the Creek Nation caused it to divide into factions. Creek nativists known as the Red Sticks wanted to maintain tradition and argued against more accommodation of white settlers. But other Creeks, who tended to have had more trading and other relations with whites, favored adopting elemen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Stoddert
Fort Stoddert, also known as Fort Stoddard, was a stockade fort in the U.S. Mississippi Territory, in what is today Alabama. It was located on a bluff of the Mobile River, near modern Mount Vernon, close to the confluence of the Tombigbee and Alabama Rivers. This location was just north of what was then the international boundary line between the new United States and Spanish-held West Florida. As a border fort, Fort Stoddert served as the southwestern terminus of the Federal Road which ran through Creek lands to Fort Wilkinson in Georgia. The fort, built in 1799, was named for Benjamin Stoddert, the secretary to the Continental Board of War during the American Revolution and Secretary of the Navy during the Quasi War. Fort Stoddert was built by the United States to keep the peace by preventing its own settlers in the Tombigbee District from attacking the Spanish in the Mobile District. It also served as a port of entry and was the site of a Court of Admiralty. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Shadoof
A shadoof or shaduf, well pole, well sweep, sweep,Knight, Edward Henry. ''Knight's American mechanical dictionary''. Vol. 3. New York, Hurd and Houghton: Riverside Press, 1877. 2,468. Print. swape, or simply a lift is a tool that is used to lift water from a well or another water source onto land or into another waterway or basin. It is highly efficient, and has been known since 3000 BCE. The mechanism of a shadoof comprises a long counterbalanced pole on a pivot, with a bucket attached to the end of it. It is generally used in a crop irrigation system using basins, dikes, ditches, walls, canals, and similar waterways. History One theory states that the shadoof was invented in prehistoric times in Mesopotamia as early as the time of Sargon of Akkad (around 24th and 23rd centuries BCE). The earliest evidence of this technology is a cylindrical seal with a depiction of a shadoof dating back to about 2200 BCE. Then, it is believed that the Minoans adopted this technology; evid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Samuel Dale
Samuel Dale (1772 – ), known as the "Daniel Boone of Alabama", was an American frontiersman, soldier, and politician, who fought under General Andrew Jackson, in the Creek War, later, becoming a brigadier general in the U.S. Army, and an advocate for Alabama statehood. Samuel Dale was born in 1772, in Rockbridge County, Virginia to Scotch-Irish American, Scotch-Irish parents from Pennsylvania. As a boy, both he and his parents moved, many times, with westward border expansion, most notably in 1775 and 1783. With the death of his parents in December 1792, he was responsible for the welfare of eight younger children. From 1793–96 he served as a United States Government Reconnaissance, scout. He abandoned work as a trader between Savannah, Georgia and the border settlements and as a mill owner-operator to guide immigrants into Mississippi, over Native Americans in the United States, Native American lands. Dale was present, in 1811, when Tecumseh enlisted local Alabama ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fatwood
Fatwood, also known as "fat lighter", "lighter wood", "rich lighter", "pine knot", "lighter knot", "heart pine", "fat stick" or "lighter'd", is derived from the heartwood of pine trees. The stump (and tap root) that is left in the ground after a tree has fallen or has been cut is the primary source of fatwood, as the resin-impregnated heartwood becomes hard and rot-resistant after the tree has died. Wood from other locations can also be used, such as the joints where limbs intersect the trunk. Although most resinous pines can produce fatwood, in the southeastern United States the wood is commonly associated with longleaf pine (''Pinus palustris''), which historically was highly valued for its high pitch production. History The commercial use of fatwood from stumps stemmed from the production of pitch and pine tar. In 1648, a company was formed in Sweden called ''Norrländska Tjärkompaniet'' (The Wood Tar Company of North Sweden), and was given exclusive export rights for p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
