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Fort Kalamata
Fort Kalamata is a coastal star fort that was built by the Portuguese on the island of Ternate in Indonesia's Maluku Islands. Formerly known as Benteng Kayu Merah (''Red Wood Fort'') because it is located in Kayu Merah village, Originally the fort was named Santa Lucia, but later it became famous for Fort Kalamata. Kalamata itself comes from the name Pengeran Kalamata, the younger brother of the Sultan of Ternate Madarsyah It is located at the south eastern corner of the island 1 km south of Bastiong on the edge of the water. It is now open to the public. History Kalamata Fortress was first built by the Portuguese (Francisco Serrão) in 1540 to support of Portuguese efforts to monopolise the lucrative clove trade and to entrench their dominance over other European powers. Then, the fort was restored by the Governor General of the Indies Netherlands, Pieter Both in the year 1610 who became the dominant power in Maluku. Kalamata Fortress was occupied by Spain in 1625 after ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benteng Kalamata (Kalamata Fort) In Ternate, The Moluccas (Maluku) (15012708900)
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Benteng may refer to: * Benteng, Selayar Islands, the capital of Selayar Regency in South Sulawesi, Indonesia * Benteng Stadium, a multi-use stadium in Tangerang, Indonesia * Benteng railway station, a railway station in Surabaya, Indonesia See also * FAW Besturn, also known as Benteng, a car series of First Automobile Works * Benten * Ben 10 ''Ben 10'' is an American media franchise created by Man of Action Studios, produced by Cartoon Network Studios and owned by Warner Bros. Discovery. The series centers on a boy named Ben Tennyson who acquires the Omnitrix, an alien device res ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Colonial Architecture In Indonesia
Portuguese may refer to: * anything of, from, or related to the country and nation of Portugal ** Portuguese cuisine, traditional foods ** Portuguese language Portuguese ( or, in full, ) is a western Romance language of the Indo-European language family, originating in the Iberian Peninsula of Europe. It is an official language of Portugal, Brazil, Cape Verde, Angola, Mozambique, Guinea-Bissau and ..., a Romance language *** Portuguese dialects, variants of the Portuguese language ** Portuguese man o' war, a dangerous marine cnidarian that resembles an 18th-century armed sailing ship ** Portuguese people, an ethnic group See also * * ''Sonnets from the Portuguese'' * "A Portuguesa", the national anthem of Portugal * Lusofonia * Lusitania * {{disambiguation Language and nationality disambiguation pages ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Portuguese Colonialism In Indonesia
The Portuguese were the first Europeans to establish a colonial presence in the Indonesian Archipelago. Their quest to dominate the source of the spices that sustained the lucrative spice trade in the early 16th century, along with missionary efforts by Roman Catholic orders, saw the establishment of trading posts and forts, and left behind a Portuguese cultural element that remains in modern-day Indonesia. Establishment Europeans were making technological advances in the early 16th century; new-found Portuguese expertise in navigation, shipbuilding and weaponry allowed them to make daring expeditions of exploration and expansion. Starting with the first exploratory expeditions sent from newly conquered Malacca in 1512, the Portuguese were the first Europeans to arrive in the East Indies, and sought to dominate the sources of valuable spices and to extend their Roman Catholic missionary efforts. Initial Portuguese attempts to establish a coalition and peace treaty in 1522 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company ( nl, Verenigde Oostindische Compagnie, the VOC) was a chartered company established on the 20th March 1602 by the States General of the Netherlands amalgamating existing companies into the first joint-stock company in the world, granting it a 21-year monopoly to carry out trade activities in Asia. Shares in the company could be bought by any resident of the United Provinces and then subsequently bought and sold in open-air secondary markets (one of which became the Amsterdam Stock Exchange). It is sometimes considered to have been the first multinational corporation. It was a powerful company, possessing quasi-governmental powers, including the ability to wage war, imprison and execute convicts, negotiate treaties, strike its own coins, and establish colonies. They are also known for their international slave trade. Statistically, the VOC eclipsed all of its rivals in the Asia trade. Between 1602 and 1796 the VOC sent almost a million Eur ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Forts In Indonesia
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''facere'' ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large stone walls had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae (famous for the huge stone blocks of its 'cyclopean' walls). A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or English fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Buildings And Structures Completed In 1540
A building, or edifice, is an enclosed structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one place, such as a house or factory (although there's also portable buildings). Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, monument, prestige, and aesthetic reasons. To better understand the term ''building'' compare the list of nonbuilding structures. Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space, privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a physical division of the :Human habitats, human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the ''outside'' (a place that at times may be harsh and harmful). Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Tolukko
Fort Tolukko is a small fortification on the east coast of Ternate facing Halmahera. It was one of the colonial forts built to control the trade in clove spices, which prior to the eighteenth century were only found in the Maluku Islands. It has been variously occupied by the Portuguese, the native Ternate Sultanate, the Dutch, the British and the Spanish. It was abandoned as a fort in 1864, renovated in 1996, and is now a tourist attraction. Description Fort Tolukko is located in the village of Dufa Dufa on the edge of Ternate City on the island of Ternate, one of the Maluku Islands in modern Indonesia. It is a tall, stone built fort, sitting on a cape about above sea level. Fort Tolukko's unusual phallic layout is a function of the immediate topography. Its small narrow layout with two bulwarks is distinctively Iberian, different with the Dutch built Fort Oranje and Fort Kalamata. Its primary function was to dominate a rare coral reef-free landing point, directly in front of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Otanaha Fortress
Otanaha Fortress is one of the tourism site in Gorontalo province Suwalesi Island, Indonesia. It was built in 1522 by King Ilato from Gorontalo Kingdom and Portuguese sailors to strengthen the area security and defense. Located in Dembe Hill, this fort was made from mixture of sand, calcium, and eggs of Maleo birds. To reach the top of this fort, there are 348 steps, which separated into four stopovers: 52 steps from base to the first stopover, 83 steps from first to second stopover, 53 second to third stopover, and 89 steps from third to fourth stopover. From the last stopover, there are another 71 steps to reach the fort. From the top of this fortress, there are panoramic view of Limboto Lake and some part of Gorontalo region. History According to history, in the 16th century, the Portuguese sailors stopped in Kota Barat, Gorontalo because of bad weather, pirate threats, and lack of provisions. They offered the king of Gorontalo to build three fortress in the top of Dembe Hill ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Oranje (Ternate)
Fort Oranje is a 17th-century Dutch fort on the island of Ternate in Indonesia. History Ternate is a volcanic island in Maluku (also known as "the Moluccas") and is the seat of the Sultanate of Ternate. The island was once , a commodity which allowed the Sultanate of Ternate to become one of the most powerful Sultanates in the Malay archipelago. The Sultanate of Ternate was in continuous conflict with the nearby Sultanate of Tidore. By the end of the 15th century the people of Ternate had adopted Islam as their official religion, mainly due to influence from Java. The first Europeans to arrive in Ternate were the members of an expedition led by Francisco Serrão. Serrão had been shipwrecked near Seram and was rescued by local inhabitants. Informed by local Ternatenese, Sultan Hairun brought the survivors to Ternate in 1512 and gave the Portuguese permission to build a fort. Construction of the fort began in 1522, but the relationship between the Portuguese and the Sult ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Kastela
Fort Kastela ( id, Benteng Kastela) is a ruined Portuguese fortress located at the southwest coast of Ternate. It is famous for being the first colonial fortification constructed in the Spice Islands (Maluku) of Indonesia. Built by the Portuguese in 1522, it is also referred to in different languages as São João Baptista de Ternate or Fortaleza de Ternate (Portuguese), Ciudad del Rosario (Spanish) or Gammalamma (Ternatean and Dutch). Today it is locally known as Kastella/Kastela. History In April 1521, a fleet was dispatched by King Manuel I of Portugal from Lisbon under the command of Jorge de Brito. The fleet was given orders to intercept the Spanish fleet of Ferdinand Magellan while sailing towards the Spice Islands from the Americas. Upon making landfall, they were ordered to construct a fortress on Ternate and to establish the Portuguese pre-eminence in the region. The initial fort was named by the Portuguese after Saint John the Baptist, on whose feast day the first stone ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Invasion Of The Spice Islands
The invasion of the Spice Islands was a military invasion by British forces that took place between February to August 1810 on and around the Dutch owned Maluku Islands (or Moluccas) also known as the Spice Islands in the Dutch East Indies during the Napoleonic wars. By 1810 the Kingdom of Holland was a vassal of Napoleonic France and Great Britain along with the East India Company sought to control the rich Dutch spice islands in the East Indies. Two British forces were allocated; one to the island of Ambon and Ternate, then another force would capture the more heavily defended islands of Banda Neira, following which any other island that was defended. In a campaign that lasted seven months British forces took all of the islands in the region; Ambon was captured in February, Banda Neira in August and Ternate and all other islands in the region later that same month. The British held on to the islands until the end of the war. After the Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1814 the islands w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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