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Fort Craig (Virginia)
Fort Craig was a small lunette that the Union Army constructed in September 1861 in Arlington County (at that time Alexandria County) in Virginia during the American Civil War. The lunette was part of the Civil War defenses of Washington (see Washington, D.C., in the American Civil War). The lunette stood less than a mile away from Arlington House, the Union-occupied estate of Confederate General Robert E. Lee. It remained in use throughout the war. The lunette was part of the Arlington Line. It tied into Fort Tillinghast approximately 0.6 miles to the north and Fort Albany approximately 0.9 miles to the south. The fortification helped guard the capital from an approach along the Columbia Turnpike and over the Long Bridge on the Potomac River. Construction Constructed on local farmland in August 1861, the lunette was named for Lt. Presley O. Craig, 2nd U.S. Artillery Regiment, who was killed at the First Battle of Bull Run on July 21, 1861. Oriented to the southwest, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil War Defenses Of Washington, D
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Civil may refer to: *Civic virtue, or civility *Civil action, or lawsuit * Civil affairs * Civil and political rights *Civil disobedience * Civil engineering *Civil (journalism), a platform for independent journalism * Civilian, someone not a member of armed forces *Civil law (other), multiple meanings *Civil liberties *Civil religion *Civil service * Civil society * Civil war *Civil (surname) Civil is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: *Alan Civil (1929–1989), British horn player *François Civil (born 1989), French actor * Gabrielle Civil, American performance artist *Karen Civil (born 1984), American social media an ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Long Bridge (Potomac River)
Long Bridge is the common name used for a series of three bridges connecting Washington, D.C. to Arlington, Virginia over the Potomac River. The first was built in 1808 for foot, horse and stagecoach traffic. Bridges in the vicinity were repaired and replaced several times in the 19th century. The current bridge was built in 1904 and substantially modified in 1942 and has only been used for railroad traffic. It is owned by CSX Transportation and is used by CSX freight trains, Amtrak intercity trains, and Virginia Railway Express commuter trains. Norfolk Southern Railway has trackage rights on the bridge but does not exercise those rights.The Long Bridge Project - Notice of Intent No. 166 http://longbridgeproject.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/09/noi916.pdf In 2019 Virginia announced that it would help fund and build a new rail bridge parallel to the existing one to double its capacity, following the plans that have been studied by the District Department of Transportation (DDOT) and F ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Buildings Completed In 1861
A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, generally a state. In the case of its broad associative definition, government normally consists of legislature, executive, and judiciary. Government is a means by which organizational policies are enforced, as well as a mechanism for determining policy. In many countries, the government has a kind of constitution, a statement of its governing principles and philosophy. While all types of organizations have governance, the term ''government'' is often used more specifically to refer to the approximately 200 independent national governments and subsidiary organizations. The major types of political systems in the modern era are democracies, monarchies, and authoritarian and totalitarian regimes. Historically prevalent forms of government include monarchy, aristocracy, timocracy, oligarchy, democracy, theocracy, and tyranny. These forms are not always mutually exclusive, and mixed gove ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
National Park Service
The National Park Service (NPS) is an List of federal agencies in the United States, agency of the Federal government of the United States, United States federal government within the United States Department of the Interior, U.S. Department of the Interior that manages all List of areas in the United States National Park System, national parks, most National monument (United States), national monuments, and other natural, historical, and recreational properties with various title designations. The United States Congress, U.S. Congress created the agency on August 25, 1916, through the National Park Service Organic Act. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C., within the main headquarters of the Department of the Interior. The NPS employs approximately 20,000 people in 423 individual units covering over 85 million acres in List of states and territories of the United States, all 50 states, the Washington, D.C., District of Columbia, and Territories of the United States, US territ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fort Craig Arlington Memorial Sign
A fortification is a military construction or building designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is also used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ''fortis'' ("strong") and ''facere'' ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large stone walls had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae (famous for the huge stone blocks of its 'cyclopean' walls). A Greek '' phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the Roman castellum or English fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Though smaller than a real fortress, they ac ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
16th Maine Volunteer Infantry Regiment
The 16th Maine Infantry Regiment was an infantry regiment that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was particularly noted for its service during the 1863 Battle of Gettysburg. Organization and Assignments The 16th Maine was organized at Augusta, Maine, and mustered into Federal service for a three-year enlistment on August 14, 1862. It departed for Washington, D.C. in 1862. It was assigned to: * 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, III Corps, Army of Virginia (AoV), to September, 1862. * 3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, I Corps, Army of the Potomac (AoP), to May, 1863. * 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, I Corps, AoP, to March, 1864. * 1st Brigade, 2nd Division, V Corps, AoP, to June, 1864. * 1st Brigade, 3rd Division, V Corps, AoP, to August, 1864 or later. * 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, V Corps, AoP, by February 7, 1865, to April 9, 1865, or perhaps to June, 1865. 1862 Served in the Maryland Campaign September to October. To repel the invasion of Maryland by the Confede ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
6th Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery
The 6th Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery was a heavy artillery regiment that served in the Union Army from 1864 to 1865, during the American Civil War. History Because the 5th Pennsylvania Heavy Artillery had more men than was standard for a heavy artillery regiment, the excess men were organized into the 6th Heavy Artillery. The men of the 5th were from Allegheny, Butler, Westmoreland, Fayette, Washington, and Lawrence Counties. Charles Barnes was the first colonel, Joseph B. Copeland lieutenant colonel, Robert H. Long, Joseph R. Kemp, and Frank H. White were majors. (Due to their large size, it was usual for heavy artillery regiments that served as field infantry to be divided into two or more battalions.) The regiment was mustered together at Camp Reynolds near Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on September 15, 1864. As was usual for this time in the war, it was initially trained as an infantry unit, not heavy artillery. The regiment was sent to the Department of Washington as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
138th Ohio Infantry
The 138th Ohio Infantry Regiment, sometimes 138th Ohio Volunteer Infantry (or 138th OVI) was an infantry regiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. Service The 138th Ohio Infantry was organized at Camp Dennison near Cincinnati, Ohio, and mustered in May 14, 1864, for 100 days service. The regiment was attached to 1st Brigade, DeRussy's Division, XXII Corps. Assigned to 2nd Brigade, 3rd Division, X Corps, Army of the James. The 138th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service at Camp Dennison on September 1, 1864. Detailed service Left Ohio for Washington, D.C., May 14. Picket duty at Harpers Ferry, West Virginia, May 16–22. Reached Washington May 22. Assigned to garrison duty at Forts Albany, Craig, and Tillinghast, defenses of Washington, south of the Potomac, until June 5. Moved to White House Landing, Virginia, June 5. Picket and guard duty there until June 16. Moved to Bermuda Hundred, Virginia, June 16. Picket and fatigue duty at Bermuda Hundred, Point of Roc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Heavy Artillery
The 1st Massachusetts Volunteer Heavy Artillery Regiment was a unit that served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. It was originally raised as the 14th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry Regiment. History 14th Mass Infantry The 14th Massachusetts Infantry began its recruitment in spring 1861, with most of its members coming from Essex County. They were mustered in on 5 July 1861, and left the state on 7 August for Washington, DC, where it would serve in its defenses until the end of the year. Colonel William B. Greene, a West Point graduate and a veteran of the Florida Indian Wars, resigned in October, and was replaced as leader of the unit by Colonel Thomas R. Tannatt, who transferred over from the 16th Regiment Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. Reorganization as artillery On 1 January 1862, the regiment was reorganized and became a heavy artillery regiment. As artillery units required more men, fifty additional soldiers were added to each company and two add ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Coehorn Mortar
A Coehorn (also spelled ''cohorn'') is a lightweight mortar originally designed by Dutch military engineer Menno van Coehoorn. Concept and design Van Coehoorn came to prominence during the 1688–97 Nine Years War, whose tactics have been summarised by historian John Childs as follows: "The majority of infantrymen never fired their muskets in anger;....armies were consciously geared towards the dominant forms of warfare; manoeuvre and the siege." This emphasis on siege warfare saw many developments in the use and design of artillery. Fortifications were vulnerable to vertical trajectory or plunging fire Plunging fire is a form of indirect fire, where gunfire is fired at a trajectory to make it fall on its target from above. It is normal at the high trajectories used to attain long range, and can be used deliberately to attack a target not suscep ..., and the concept of mortars was well understood, but large scale mortars were commonly used initially to provide close supp ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parrott Rifles
The Parrott rifle was a type of muzzle-loading rifled artillery weapon used extensively in the American Civil War. Parrott rifle The gun was invented by Captain Robert Parker Parrott, a West Point graduate. He was an American soldier and inventor of military ordnance. He resigned from the service in 1836 and became the superintendent of the West Point Foundry in Cold Spring, New York. He created the first Parrott rifle (and corresponding projectile) in 1860 and patented it in 1861.Pritchard Jr, Russ A.Civil War Weapons and Equipment, p.82. Globe Pequit Press, 2003. . Daniel Treadwell, who developed a method for making built-up guns in early 1840s, tried to claim that his patent infringed on an earlier one, but in 1866 S.D.N.Y. court dismissed it, deciding that Treadwell's claim was invalidated by a 1843 British patent to John Frith. Parrotts were manufactured with a combination of cast and wrought iron. The cast iron made for an accurate gun, but was brittle enough to suffer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Magazine (artillery)
Magazine is the name for an item or place within which ammunition or other explosive material is stored. It is taken originally from the Arabic word "makhāzin" (مخازن), meaning 'storehouses', via Italian and Middle French. The term is also used for a place where large quantities of ammunition are stored for later distribution, or an ammunition dump. This usage is less common. Field magazines In the early history of tube artillery drawn by horses (and later by mechanized vehicles), ammunition was carried in separate unarmored wagons or vehicles. These soft-skinned vehicles were extremely vulnerable to enemy fire and to explosions caused by a weapons malfunction. Therefore, as part of setting up an artillery battery, a designated place would be used to shelter the ready ammunition. In the case of batteries of towed artillery the temporary magazine would be placed, if possible, in a pit, or natural declivity, or surrounded by sandbags or earthworks. Circumstances mig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
