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Fomitopsis
''Fomitopsis'' is a genus of more than 40 species of bracket fungi in the family Fomitopsidaceae. Taxonomy The genus was circumscribed by Finnish mycologist Petter Karsten in 1881 with '' Fomitopsis pinicola'' as the type species. Molecular analysis indicates that ''Fomitopsis'' belongs to the antrodia clade, which contains about 70 percent of brown-rot fungi. Other genera that join ''Fomitopsis'' in the core antrodia group include '' Amyloporia'', '' Antrodia'', '' Daedalea'', '' Melanoporia'', '' Piptoporus'', and '' Rhodonia''. Studies have indicated that ''Fomitopsis'' and ''Piptoporus'' were phylogenetically heterogenous, and the type of that genus, ''Piptoporus betulinus'', is in the ''Fomitopsis'' core group. This fungus, well known for its use by Ötzi the Iceman, was transferred to ''Fomitopsis'' in 2016. The whole genome sequence of '' Fomitopsis palustris'' was reported in 2017. The generic name combines the name '' Fomes'' with the Ancient Greek word ("appearance ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fomitopsis Pinicola
''Fomitopsis pinicola'', is a stem decay fungus common on softwood and hardwood trees. Its conk (fruit body) is known as the red-belted conk or red-belted bracket. The species is common throughout temperate Europe and Asia. It is a decay fungus that serves as a small-scale disturbance agent in coastal rainforest ecosystems. It influences stand structure and succession in temperate rainforests. It performs essential nutrient cycling functions in forests.FS-R10-FHP. 2014. Forest Health Conditions in Alaska 2013. Anchorage, Alaska. USDA Forest Service, Alaska Region. Publication R10-PR-035.81 PAGES 40-42. As well as a key producer of brown rot residues that are stable soil components in coniferous forest ecosystems. It has been reported that mushrooms have significant antioxidant activity. Description The cap is hoof-shaped or triangular, and sometimes shelflike. It is hard and tough, and up to 30 cm or more across and 15 cm thick. Its surface is more or less smooth, at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Piptoporus Betulinus
''Fomitopsis betulina'' (previously ''Piptoporus betulinus''), commonly known as the birch polypore, birch bracket, or razor strop, is a common bracket fungus and, as the name suggests, grows almost exclusively on birch trees. The brackets burst out from the bark of the tree, and these fruit bodies can last for more than a year. Taxonomy The fungus was originally described by Jean Bulliard in 1788 as ''Boletus betulinus''. It was transferred to the genus '' Piptoporus'' by Petter Karsten in 1881. Molecular phylogenetic studies suggested that the species was more closely related to '' Fomitopsis'' than to ''Piptoporus'', and the fungus was reclassified to ''Fomitopsis'' in 2016. The specific epithet ''betulina'' refers to the genus of the host plant (''Betula''). Common names for the fungus include birch bracket, birch polypore, and razorstrop fungus. Description The fruit bodies (basidiocarps) are pale, with a smooth greyish-brown top surface, while the creamy white under ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fomitopsis Palustris
''Fomitopsis palustris'' is a species of polypore fungus in the family Fomitopsidaceae. It causes brown rot, a disease of wood that results from the enzymatic breakdown of the wood component cellulose, but not lignin. Several enzymes involved in the wood-decay process have been biochemically characterized. The whole genome sequence of ''F. palustris'' was reported in 2017. Wood decay enzymes ''Fomitopsis palustris'' is known to possess three different cellulase enzymes. An endoglucanase, named EG-II, has been purified and characterized from this species in 2008; it is believed to assist in the wood rot process by loosening the polysaccharide network in cell walls by disentangling hemicelluloses associated with cellulose Cellulose is an organic compound with the chemical formula, formula , a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of glycosidic bond, β(1→4) linked glucose, D-glucose units. Cellulose is an important s .... Re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fomitopsidaceae
The Fomitopsidaceae are a family (biology), family of fungi in the order Polyporales. Most species are parasitic on woody plants, and tend to cause Wood-decay fungus#Brown rot, brown rots. The name comes from ''Fomitopsis'' (meaning "looking like Fomes") + ''-aceae'' (a suffix used to form taxonomic family names). Genera In a proposed family-level classification of the Polyporales based on molecular phylogenetics, Alfredo Justo and colleagues accept 14 genera in the Fomitopsidaceae: ''Anthoporia'', ''Antrodia'', ''Buglossoporus'', ''Cartilosoma'', ''Daedalea'', ''Fomitopsis'', ''Fragifomes'', ''Melanoporia'', ''Neolentiporus'', ''Niveoporofomes'', ''Rhodofomes'', ''Rhodofomitopsis'', ''Rubellofomes'', and ''Ungulidaedalea''. References External links * Fomitopsidaceae, Polyporales families, Fomitopsidaceae Taxa described in 1982 Taxa named by Walter Jülich {{Polyporales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bracket Fungi
Polypores, also called bracket or shelf fungi, are a morphological group of basidiomycete-like gilled mushrooms and hydnoid fungi that form large fruiting bodies called conks, which are typically woody, circular, shelf- or bracket-shaped, with pores or tubes on the underside. Conks lie in a close planar grouping of separate or interconnected horizontal rows. Brackets can range from only a single row of a few caps, to dozens of rows of caps that can weigh several hundred pounds. They are mainly found on trees (living and dead) and coarse woody debris, and may resemble mushrooms. Some form annual fruiting bodies while others are perennial and grow larger year after year. Bracket fungi are typically tough and sturdy and produce their spores, called basidiospores, within the pores that typically make up the undersurface. Most polypores inhabit tree trunks or branches consuming the wood, but some soil-inhabiting species form mycorrhiza with trees. Polypores and the related cort ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Daedalea
''Daedalea'' is a genus of fungi in the family Fomitopsidaceae. The genus was circumscribed in 1801 by mycologist Christian Hendrik Persoon, based on the type '' D. quercina'' and four other species. The generic name is derived from the Ancient Greek Ancient Greek (, ; ) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the classical antiquity, ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC. It is often roughly divided into the following periods: Mycenaean Greek (), Greek ... ("curiously wrought"). Species References External links * Fomitopsidaceae Polyporales genera Taxa named by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon Fungi described in 1801 {{Polyporales-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, and morphology. The results are a phylogenetic tree—a diagram depicting the hypothetical relationships among the organisms, reflecting their inferred evolutionary history. The tips of a phylogenetic tree represent the observed entities, which can be living taxa or fossils. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the taxa represented on the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about directionality of character state transformation, and does not show the origin or "root" of the taxa in question. In addition to their use for inferring phylogenetic pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pileus (mycology)
In mycology (the branch of biology that includes the study of mushrooms and other fungi), the pileus is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp ( fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium.Moore-Landecker, E: "Fundamentals of the Fungi", page 560. Prentice Hall, 1972. The hymenium ( hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes. The word ''pileus'' comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap. Classification Pilei can be formed in various shapes, and the shapes can change over the course of the developmental cycle of a fungus. The most familiar pileus shape is hemispherical or ''convex.'' Convex pilei often continue to expand as they mature until they become flat. Many well-known species have a convex pileus, including the button mushroom, various ''Amanita'' species and boletes. Some, suc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sessility (botany)
In botany, sessility (meaning "sitting", in the sense of "resting on the surface") is a characteristic of plant organs such as flowers or leaves that have no stalk. Plant parts can also be described as subsessile, that is, not completely sessile. A sessile flower is one that lacks a pedicel (botany), pedicel (flower stalk). A flower that is not sessile is Pedicel (botany), pedicellate. For example, the genus ''Trillium'' is partitioned into multiple subgenera, the sessile-flowered trilliums (Trillium#Subgenus Sessilia, ''Trillium'' subgen. ''Sessilia'') and the pedicellate-flowered trilliums. The term "sessility" is also used in mycology to describe a fungal sporocarp (fungi), fruit body that is attached to or seated directly on the surface of the substrate (biology), substrate, lacking a supporting stipe (mycology), stipe or pedicel (botany), pedicel. References Plant morphology Fungal morphology and anatomy {{plant-morphology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Perennial
In horticulture, the term perennial ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than 2 years. The term is also loosely used to distinguish plants with little or no woody growth (secondary growth in girth) from trees and shrubs, which are also technically ''perennials''. Notably, it is estimated that 94% of plant species fall under the category of perennials, underscoring the prevalence of plants with lifespans exceeding two years in the botanical world. Perennials (especially small flowering plants) that grow and bloom over the spring and summer, die back every autumn and winter, and then return in the spring from their rootstock or other overwintering structure, are known as herbaceous perennials. However, depending on the rigours of the local climate (temperature, moisture, organic content in the soil, microorganisms), a plant that is a peren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basidiocarp
In fungi, a basidiocarp, basidiome, or basidioma () is the sporocarp of a basidiomycete, the multicellular structure on which the spore-producing hymenium is borne. Basidiocarps are characteristic of the hymenomycetes; rusts and smuts do not produce such structures. As with other sporocarps, epigeous (above-ground) basidiocarps that are visible to the naked eye (especially those with a more or less agaricoid morphology) are commonly referred to as mushrooms, while hypogeous (underground) basidiocarps are usually called false truffles. Structure All basidiocarps serve as the structure on which the hymenium is produced. Basidia are found on the surface of the hymenium, and the basidia ultimately produce spores. In its simplest form, a basidiocarp consists of an undifferentiated fruiting structure with a hymenium on the surface; such a structure is characteristic of many simple jelly and club fungi. In more complex basidiocarps, there is differentiation into a stipe, a p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
