|
Finnish Kale
The Kaale (; ; , ''Suomen romanit;'' also known as Finnish Romani, Finnish Roma, Finnish Kale are a Romani subgroup who live primarily in Finland but also in Sweden. Their main languages are Finnish, Swedish and Kalo. History From the 1500s to World War II The first Roma arrived in southwest Finland and Åland in the 16th century from the area that is now Sweden. In the following centuries, Finland's Roma population was supplemented by traveling groups from the Baltic and Russia. A seemingly settled Roma group was known to have travelled in Finland’s wilderness areas around the turn of the 16th and 17th centuries, but there is no surviving information about their relations with the majority population. In the Swedish part of the kingdom, "Tattares" are said to have arrived to Sweden and Stockholm for the first time in 1512, when people referred to as "Tattares" were traveling through the country. According to the minutes of the Stockholm city council, a group of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Romanians In Finland
Romanians in Finland () are immigrants from Romania residing in Finland. Migration Eastern European Roma people, Roma started arriving in Finland in 2007, when Romania and Bulgaria joined the EU. Many of the Roma in Romania, Romanian Roma in the Helsinki region are from Valea Seacă, Bacău, Valea Seacă. Most of them beg and sell the Iso Numero magazine. Employment Roughly 200 Romanians and Bulgarians are in the police force in Helsinki. Demographics 1.64% speak Finnish, 0.47% speak Swedish and the rest 97.89% speak other languages. Distribution The regions with the most Romanians are Uusimaa (2,019, 0.12%), Southwest Finland (784, 0.16%) and Åland (478, 1.60%). Notable Finnish people of Romanian descent * Tomi Petrescu, football player * George de Godzinsky, composer and conductor * :ro:Maria Lund, Maria Lund, actress and singer-songwriter * :ro:Veera Florica Rajala, Veera Florica Rajala, lawyer and candidate in Helsinki municipal elections 2021 See also * Finland–R ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Robert Wilhelm Ekman, Mustalaisseurue
The name Robert is an ancient Germanic given name, from Proto-Germanic "fame" and "bright" (''Hrōþiberhtaz''). Compare Old Dutch ''Robrecht'' and Old High German ''Hrodebert'' (a compound of '' Hruod'' () "fame, glory, honour, praise, renown, godlike" and ''berht'' "bright, light, shining"). It is the second most frequently used given name of ancient Germanic origin.Reaney & Wilson, 1997. ''Dictionary of English Surnames''. Oxford University Press. It is also in use as a surname. Another commonly used form of the name is Rupert. After becoming widely used in Continental Europe, the name entered England in its Old French form ''Robert'', where an Old English cognate form (''Hrēodbēorht'', ''Hrodberht'', ''Hrēodbēorð'', ''Hrœdbœrð'', ''Hrœdberð'', ''Hrōðberχtŕ'') had existed before the Norman Conquest. The feminine version is Roberta. The Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish form is Roberto. Robert is also a common name in many Germanic languages, including Eng ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pietari Brahe
Count Per Brahe the Younger (18 February 1602 – 12 September 1680) was a Swedish soldier, statesman, and author. He served as Privy Councillor from 1630, Lord High Steward from 1640, as well as Governor-General of Finland in 1637–1640 and 1648–1654. Brahe fought in Prussia during the Polish War (1626–1629) and in Germany in 1630. However, his military activity later yielded to his political activity, and he held posts of Privy Councillor and Lord High Steward of Sweden. During the minority of Queen Christina (1632–1644) and after the death of King Charles X in 1660, he was one of the regents of Sweden. During his time as Governor-General of Finland, he made large administrative reforms, introduced a postal system, improved and developed commerce and agriculture, and promoted education. He was the founder of the Royal Academy of Turku and the town of Raahe (), along with ten other new towns in Finland. Life Brahe was born in Rydboholm Castle (now in Österåker Mu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governor-General Of Finland
The governor-general of Finland was the military commander and the highest administrator of Finland sporadically Finland under Swedish rule, under Swedish rule in the 17th and 18th centuries and continuously in the autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland between 1809 and 1917. Swedish realm After the final abolition of the Duchy of Finland and related feudal privileges in the late 16th century, the king of Sweden sporadically granted most or all of Finland under a specially appointed governor-general, who took care of the matters in the eastern part of the country more or less according to his own best judgement. The best-known of these officials is Count Per Brahe the Younger, who served as Governor-General of Finland in the 17th century. His tenure, remembered as a period of reforms and progress in both economy and education, is referred to in Finnish as "kreivin aika" ("the count's era"). Over the centuries, the phrase has taken on a new meaning and is now commonly used to describ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rule Of Law
The essence of the rule of law is that all people and institutions within a Body politic, political body are subject to the same laws. This concept is sometimes stated simply as "no one is above the law" or "all are equal before the law". According to ''Encyclopædia Britannica'', it is defined as "the mechanism, process, institution, practice, or norm that supports the equality of all citizens before the law, secures a nonarbitrary form of government, and more generally prevents the arbitrary use of power." Legal scholars have expanded the basic rule of law concept to encompass, first and foremost, a requirement that laws apply equally to everyone. "Formalists" add that the laws must be stable, accessible and clear. More recently, "substantivists" expand the concept to include rights, such as human rights, and compliance with international law. Use of the phrase can be traced to Tudor period, 16th-century Britain. In the following century, Scottish theologian Samuel Rutherfor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanging
Hanging is killing a person by suspending them from the neck with a noose or ligature strangulation, ligature. Hanging has been a standard method of capital punishment since the Middle Ages, and has been the primary execution method in numerous countries and regions. The first known account of execution by hanging is in Homer's ''Odyssey''. Hanging is also a Suicide by hanging, method of suicide. Methods of judicial hanging There are numerous methods of hanging in execution that instigate death either by cervical fracture or by Strangling, strangulation. Short drop The short drop is a method of hanging in which the condemned prisoner stands on a raised support, such as a stool, ladder, cart, horse, or other vehicle, with the noose around the neck. The support is then moved away, leaving the person dangling from the rope. Suspended by the neck, the weight of the body tightens the noose around the neck, effecting strangulation and death. Loss of consciousness is typically rapid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Olavinlinna Castle
Olavinlinna (), also known as St. Olaf's Castle, is a 15th-century three-tower castle located in Savonlinna, Finland. It is built on an island in the Kyrönsalmi strait that connects the lakes Haukivesi and Pihlajavesi. It is the northernmost medieval stone fortress still standing. The castle forms a spectacular stage for the Savonlinna Opera Festival, which was held for the first time in the summer of 1912. History The fortress was founded by Erik Axelsson Tott in 1475 under the name ''Sankt Olofsborg'' in an effort to profit from the political turmoil following Ivan III's conquest of the Novgorod Republic. It was sited in Savonia so as to lay claim to the Russian side of the border established by the Treaty of Nöteborg. One of Tott's letters from 1477 includes a passing mention of foreign builders invited to Olofsborg, probably from Reval, where the city fortifications were being extended. It was the first Swedish castle provided with a set of thickset circular towers th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kastelholm Castle
Kastelholm Castle (, ) is a medieval castle built by the Swedes in the late 14th century. It is located near Road 2 in the municipality of Sund, Åland, Sund in Åland, Finland, about northeast of Mariehamn, overlooking a fjord near the village of Kastelholm. Kastelholm is one of five surviving medieval castles in Finland considered architecturally significant, along with Häme Castle, Hämeenlinna, Olavinlinna, Raseborg Castle, Raseborg, and Turku Castle, Turku. Originally built on a small island surrounded by water-filled moats, it served both military and administrative functions. In the 15th and 16th centuries, it was an important stronghold held by nobles, feudal lords, and kings. Damaged during the 1599 civil war and later gutted by fire in 1745, the castle fell into ruin but was partially restored in the 20th century. Since the 1990s, it has been a museum and a key cultural site in Åland. History Construction of Kastelholm Castle began in the 1380s on its southern s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformation
The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation or the European Reformation, was a time of major Theology, theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church. Towards the end of the Renaissance, the Reformation marked the beginning of Protestantism. It is considered one of the events that signified the end of the Middle Ages and the beginning of the early modern period in Europe. The Reformation is usually dated from Martin Luther's publication of the ''Ninety-five Theses'' in 1517, which gave birth to Lutheranism. Prior to Martin Luther and other Protestant Reformers, there were Proto-Protestantism, earlier reform movements within Western Christianity. The end of the Reformation era is disputed among modern scholars. In general, the Reformers argued that justification (theology), justification was sola fide, based on faith in Jesus alone and n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John III Of Sweden
John III (; 20 December 1537 – 17 November 1592) was King of Sweden from 1569 until his death. He attained the Swedish throne after a rebellion against his half-brother Erik XIV. He is mainly remembered for his attempts to close the gap between the newly established Lutheran Church of Sweden and the Catholic Church, as well as his conflict with and possible murder of his brother. John was also, quite autonomously, the Duke of Finland from 1556 to 1563. In 1581 he assumed the title Grand Duke of Finland. His first wife was Catherine Jagiellon of the Polish–Lithuanian ruling family, and their son Sigismund eventually ascended both the Polish–Lithuanian and Swedish thrones. He ended the Northern Seven Years' War, but instead Sweden was drawn into the 25 Years' War with Russia, where minor gains were eventually made. He worked for closer relations with Poland. John III was interested in religion and culture. During his reign, he countered the growing Lutheran tendencies ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gustav Vasa
Gustav Eriksson Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), also known as Gustav I, was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560. He was previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm (''Reichsverweser#Sweden, Riksföreståndare'') from 1521, during the ongoing Swedish War of Liberation against King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Gustav rose to lead the Swedish War of Liberation following the Stockholm Bloodbath, where his father was executed. Gustav's election as king on 6 June 1523 (the National Day of Sweden) and his triumphant Conquest of Stockholm, entry into Stockholm eleven days later marked Sweden's final secession from the Kalmar Union. During his reign, Gustav initiated the Protestant reformation in Sweden, transformed the country from an elective monarchy, elective to a hereditary monarchy and established a standing Swedish Army, army and Swedish Navy, navy. Early life Gustav Eriksson, a son of Cecilia Månsdotter Eka and Erik Johansson Vasa, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Stockholm
Stockholm (; ) is the Capital city, capital and List of urban areas in Sweden by population, most populous city of Sweden, as well as the List of urban areas in the Nordic countries, largest urban area in the Nordic countries. Approximately 1 million people live in the Stockholm Municipality, municipality, with 1.6 million in the Stockholm urban area, urban area, and 2.5 million in the Metropolitan Stockholm, metropolitan area. The city stretches across fourteen islands where Mälaren, Lake Mälaren flows into the Baltic Sea. Outside the city to the east, and along the coast, is the island chain of the Stockholm archipelago. The area has been settled since the Stone Age, in the 6th millennium BC, and was founded as a city in 1252 by Swedish statesman Birger Jarl. The city serves as the county seat of Stockholm County. Stockholm is the cultural, media, political, and economic centre of Sweden. The Stockholm region alone accounts for over a third of the country's Gros ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
