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Festung Norwegen
Festung Norwegen () was the extensive defense and fortification system constructed in Norway, part of the Atlantic Wall, after the conquest and occupation of Norway by Nazi Germany in World War II. Some, including ''Reichskommissar'' Josef Terboven, thought that these fortifications would serve effectively as a last perimeter of defense of the Third Reich in the event of Allied victory on the continent. This led to German troops being diverted from mainland Europe, which resulted in a quicker end to the war. Atlantic Wall Considered an essential part of the Atlantic Wall in anticipation of an Allied invasion, the fortifications in Norway were primarily based around coastal artillery, but also included anti-aircraft batteries, tanks and infantry forces. There were as many as 400,000 German troops in Norway during the occupation, a large proportion of whom were dedicated to the defense of this northern flank of the Atlantic Wall. The scope of Festung Norwegen originally included ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fortification
A fortification (also called a fort, fortress, fastness, or stronghold) is a military construction designed for the defense of territories in warfare, and is used to establish rule in a region during peacetime. The term is derived from Latin ("strong") and ("to make"). From very early history to modern times, defensive walls have often been necessary for cities to survive in an ever-changing world of invasion and conquest. Some settlements in the Indus Valley Civilization were the first small cities to be fortified. In ancient Greece, large cyclopean stone walls fitted without mortar had been built in Mycenaean Greece, such as the ancient site of Mycenae. A Greek ''Towns of ancient Greece#Military settlements, phrourion'' was a fortified collection of buildings used as a military garrison, and is the equivalent of the ancient Roman, Roman castellum or fortress. These constructions mainly served the purpose of a watch tower, to guard certain roads, passes, and borders. Th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Horten (town)
is a List of towns and cities in Norway, town in Horten Municipality in Vestfold county, Norway. The town is located along the Ytre Oslofjord about north of the Tønsberg, town of Tønsberg and about to the southeast of the Holmestrand (town), town of Holmestrand. The Moss (town), town of Moss lies about to the east, across the fjord. The town has a population (2023) of 20,859 and a population density of . History The development of the town of Horten is closely related to the Royal Norwegian Navy's activity in the area. By royal decree in 1818, Horten was designated as a military station similar to Fredriksvern (now called Stavern). The new naval harbor was to be built in the bay that is surrounded by a small peninsula and several islands. The navy's main shipyard was also built at Horten. In 1855, the entire naval facility was named Karljohansvern. Horten was designated as a ladested in 1857, which separated it from Borre Municipality and made it a self-governing urban mun ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harstad (town)
Harstad (; ) is a List of towns and cities in Norway, city in Harstad Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The city is also the administrative centre of Harstad Municipality. The city has a population (2023) of 21,289 (31,404 in the Urban area) and a population density of . It is the second-largest town in Troms county, after the Tromsø (city), city of Tromsø, and it is the largest town in Central Hålogaland. The town is located on the northeastern part of the large island of Hinnøya, along the Vågsfjorden, Troms, Vågsfjorden. The city is made up of several areas (bydeler) including Gansås, Grønnebakkan, Kanebogen, Medkila, Sama (Harstad), Sama, Seljestad, Troms, Seljestad, Stangnes, and Trondenes and more. There are two churches of the Church of Norway in the town: Harstad Church and Kanebogen Church. The historic Trondenes Church lies on the north edge of the town, near the Trondenes Fort. History On 1 January 1904, the village of Harstad was granted town privilege ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bogen, Evenes
or is the administrative centre of Evenes Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The village is located along the shore of the Ofotfjorden, about northeast of the village of Liland. The European route E10 highway passes through the village. Bogen Chapel is located in this village. The village has a population (2023) of 363 and a population density of . Historically, Bogen is most notable for small-scale iron ore mining in the early 20th century as well as being a German naval base during World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ..., including for the German battleship ''Tirpitz'' and the heavy cruiser ''Admiral Hipper''. Media gallery Bogen kapell.jpg, Bogen chapel, March 2008 Bundesarchiv Bild 183-J19316, Norwegen, Schlachtschiff, Zerstörer.jpg, '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
German Army (Wehrmacht)
The German Army (, 'army') is the land component of the armed forces of Federal Republic of Germany, Germany. The present-day German Army was founded in 1955 as part of the newly formed West German together with the German Navy, ''Marine'' (German Navy) and the German Air Force, ''Luftwaffe'' (German Air Force). , the German Army had a strength of 63,047 soldiers. History Overview A German army equipped, organized, and trained following a single doctrine and permanently unified under one command was created in 1871 during the unification of Germany under the leadership of Prussia. From 1871 to 1919, the title ''German Army (German Empire), Deutsches Heer'' (German Army) was the official name of the German land forces. Following the German defeat in World War I and the end of the German Empire, the main army was dissolved. From 1921 to 1935 the name of the German land forces was the ''Reichswehr, Reichsheer'' (Army of the Realm) and from 1935 to 1945 the name ''German Army (We ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kriegsmarine
The (, ) was the navy of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945. It superseded the Imperial German Navy of the German Empire (1871–1918) and the inter-war (1919–1935) of the Weimar Republic. The was one of three official military branch, branches, along with the and the , of the , the German armed forces from 1935 to 1945. In violation of the Treaty of Versailles, the grew rapidly during German rearmament, German naval rearmament in the 1930s. The 1919 treaty had limited the size of the German navy and prohibited the building of submarines. ships were deployed to the waters around Spain during the Spanish Civil War (1936–1939) under the guise of enforcing non-intervention in the Spanish Civil War, non-intervention, but in reality supporting the Francoist Spain, Nationalists against the Second Spanish Republic, Spanish Republicans. In January 1939, Plan Z, a massive shipbuilding programme, was ordered, calling for surface naval parity with the United Kingdom, British Royal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historisk Tidsskrift (Norway)
''Historisk Tidsskrift'' is a Norway, Norwegian history journal. It was established in 1870 by Ludvig Ludvigsen Daae and Michael Birkeland. It is published quarterly by the Norwegian Historical Association, and until 1955 the editor-in-chief was also the chairman of that organization. References History journals Norwegian-language journals Academic journals established in 1871 1871 establishments in Norway Quarterly journals Universitetsforlaget academic journals {{history-journal-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Artillery Battery
In military organizations, an artillery battery is a unit or multiple systems of artillery, mortar systems, rocket artillery, multiple rocket launchers, surface-to-surface missiles, ballistic missiles, cruise missiles, etc., so grouped to facilitate better battlefield communication and command and control, as well as to provide dispersion for its constituent gunnery crews and their systems. The term is also used in a naval context to describe groups of guns on warships. Land usage Historically the term "battery" referred to a cluster of cannons in action as a group, either in a temporary field position during a battle or at the siege of a fortress or a city. Such batteries could be a mixture of cannon, howitzer, or mortar types. A siege could involve many batteries at different sites around the besieged place. The term also came to be used for a group of cannons in a fixed fortification, for coastal or frontier defence. During the 18th century "battery" began to be used ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Narvik (town)
or is a List of towns and cities in Norway, town and the administrative centre of Narvik Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. The town is located along the Ofotfjorden in the Ofoten region. The town lies on a peninsula located between the Rombaken fjord and the Beisfjorden. The European route E06 highway runs through the Beisfjord Bridge and Hålogaland Bridge crossing the two small fjords surrounding the town. The town has a population (2023) of 14,051 which gives the town a population density of . Narvik Church is the main church for the town. Narvik is a commercial centre for the region. The Narvik campus of the University of Tromsø has approximately 1,200 students in the town. There are some high-tech businesses in Narvik (among them Natech). Etymology The town is named after the old ''Narvik'' farm ( or ) since the town was built there. The two possible Old Norse roots have differing meanings. If it comes from , then the meaning of the first element is the genitiv ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trondheim (city)
Trondheim ( , , ; ), historically Kaupangen, Nidaros, and Trondhjem (), is a city and List of municipalities of Norway, municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. As of 2022, it had a population of 212,660. Trondheim is the third most populous municipality in Norway, and is the List of continuously built-up areas in Norway by population, fourth largest urban area. Trondheim lies on the south shore of Trondheim Fjord at the mouth of the River Nidelva. Among the significant technology-oriented institutions headquartered in Trondheim are the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), the SINTEF, Foundation for Scientific and Industrial Research (SINTEF), the Geological Survey of Norway (NGU), and St. Olavs University Hospital. The settlement was founded in 997 as a trading post and served as the capital of Norway from the Viking Age until 1217. From 1152 to 1537, the city was the seat of the Catholic Archdiocese of Nidaros; it then became, and has remained, the seat o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
