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Fentanyl Azepane
Fentanyl azepane (Fentanyl azepane homologue) is an opioid derivative which is a Homologous series, homologue of fentanyl, where the central piperidine ring has been expanded to an azepane ring. It is many times less potent than fentanyl itself, being only slightly stronger than morphine, but is still more potent than the ring-contracted pyrrolidine derivative, as well as other related compounds such as benzylfentanyl and ethoheptazine. The β-hydroxy derivative is slightly more potent again, as with betahydroxyfentanyl. See also * 3-Methylfentanyl * Fentanyl tropane * Homofentanyl * Secofentanyl * Proheptazine * List of fentanyl analogues References Designer drugs Opioids Azepanes Anilines Carboxamides {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opioid
Opioids are a class of Drug, drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the Papaver somniferum, opium poppy plant. Opioids work on opioid receptors in the brain and other organs to produce a variety of morphine-like effects, including analgesic, pain relief. The terms "opioid" and "opiate" are sometimes used interchangeably, but the term "opioid" is used to designate all substances, both natural and synthetic, that bind to opioid receptors in the brain. Opiates are alkaloid compounds naturally found in the opium poppy plant ''Papaver somniferum''. Medically they are primarily used for pain relief, including anesthesia. Other medical uses include suppression of diarrhea, replacement therapy for opioid use disorder, and Cold medicine, suppressing cough. The opioid receptor antagonist naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose. Extremely potent opioids such as carfentanil are approved only for Veterinary medicine, veterinary use. Opioids are also frequently use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fentanyl Tropane
Fentanyl tropane (tropafentanyl) is an opioid derivative which is an analogue of fentanyl, where the central piperidine ring has been bridged with a two carbon chain to form a tropane ring. It is made from tropinone in a similar manner to how fentanyl is made from 4-piperidone, and has two isomers, with the 3β isomer being around half the potency of fentanyl while the 3α isomer is much weaker, only around the same potency as morphine. See also * Fentanyl azepane * Secofentanyl * Phenaridine * List of fentanyl analogues The following is a list of fentanyl Structural analog, analogues (sometimes referred to as fentalogs), and includes both compounds developed by pharmaceutical companies for legitimate medical use, and those which have been sold as designer drugs. ... References Designer drugs Opioids Tropanes Anilides {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Opioids
Opioids are a class of Drug, drugs that derive from, or mimic, natural substances found in the Papaver somniferum, opium poppy plant. Opioids work on opioid receptors in the brain and other organs to produce a variety of morphine-like effects, including analgesic, pain relief. The terms "opioid" and "opiate" are sometimes used interchangeably, but the term "opioid" is used to designate all substances, both natural and synthetic, that bind to opioid receptors in the brain. Opiates are alkaloid compounds naturally found in the opium poppy plant ''Papaver somniferum''. Medically they are primarily used for pain relief, including anesthesia. Other medical uses include suppression of diarrhea, replacement therapy for opioid use disorder, and Cold medicine, suppressing cough. The opioid receptor antagonist naloxone is used to reverse opioid overdose. Extremely potent opioids such as carfentanil are approved only for Veterinary medicine, veterinary use. Opioids are also frequently use ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Designer Drugs
A designer drug is a structural or functional analog of a controlled substance that has been designed to mimic the pharmacological effects of the original drug, while avoiding classification as illegal and/or detection in standard drug tests. Designer drugs include psychoactive substances that have been designated by the European Union, Australia, and New Zealand, as new psychoactive substances (NPS) as well as analogs of performance-enhancing drugs such as designer steroids. Some of these designer drugs were originally synthesized by academic or industrial researchers in an effort to discover more potent derivatives with fewer side effects and shorter duration (and possibly also because it is easier to apply for patents for new molecules) and were later co-opted for recreational use. Other designer drugs were prepared for the first time in clandestine laboratories. Because the efficacy and safety of these substances have not been thoroughly evaluated in animal and human tr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
List Of Fentanyl Analogues
The following is a list of fentanyl Structural analog, analogues (sometimes referred to as fentalogs), and includes both compounds developed by pharmaceutical companies for legitimate medical use, and those which have been sold as designer drugs. The latter have been reported to national drug control agencies such as the Drug Enforcement Administration, DEA, and some to transnational agencies such as the EMCDDA and UNODC. This is not a comprehensive or exhaustive list of fentanyl analogues, as more than 1400 compounds from this family have been described in the scientific and patent literature. However, this list does include many notable compounds that have reached late-stage human clinical trials, and compounds which have been sold as designer drugs, as well as representative examples of significant structural variations reported in the scientific and patent literature. The structural variations among fentanyl analogues can impart profound pharmacological differences between each ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proheptazine
Proheptazine is an opioid analgesic related to pethidine. It was invented in the 1960s. Proheptazine produces similar effects to other opioids, including analgesia, sedation, euphoria, dizziness and nausea Nausea is a diffuse sensation of unease and discomfort, sometimes perceived as an urge to vomit. It can be a debilitating symptom if prolonged and has been described as placing discomfort on the chest, abdomen, or back of the throat. Over 30 d .... In the United States it is a Schedule I Narcotic controlled substance with an ACSCN of 9643 and a 2013 annual aggregate manufacturing quota of zero. The salts in use are the citrate (free base conversion ratio 0.589), hydrobromide (0.773), and hydrochloride (0.883). References Opioids Azepanes Propionate esters Mu-opioid receptor agonists {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Secofentanyl
Secofentanyl is an opioid derivative which is an analogue of fentanyl where the piperidine ring has been cleaved to form an open-chain structure. It is around 40× less potent than fentanyl itself but still 5–6× the potency of morphine in animal tests. See also * Benzylfentanyl * Homofentanyl * Diampromide * Fentanyl azepane Fentanyl azepane (Fentanyl azepane homologue) is an opioid derivative which is a Homologous series, homologue of fentanyl, where the central piperidine ring has been expanded to an azepane ring. It is many times less potent than fentanyl itself, ... * Isofentanyl * Phenampromide References Designer drugs Opioids {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homofentanyl
Homofentanyl (N-Phenylpropylnorfentanyl, Fentanyl propyl analogue) is an opioid derivative which has been sold as a designer drug. It is a homologue of fentanyl, with similar analgesic and sedative effects but lower potency, around 14× stronger than pethidine. See also * Acetylfentanyl * Benzylfentanyl * Butyrylfentanyl * Fentanyl azepane * Isofentanyl * Secofentanyl * OPPPP OPPPP (1-(3-Oxo-3-phenylpropyl)-4-phenyl-4-piperidinyl propionate) is one of several compounds derived from MPPP, the reversed ester of the opioid analgesic pethidine, which were sold as designer drugs in the 1980s, but have been rarely encounte ... References Designer drugs Opioids {{analgesic-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
3-Methylfentanyl
3-Methylfentanyl (3-MF, mefentanyl) is an opioid analgesic that is an analog of fentanyl. 3-Methylfentanyl is one of the most potent opioids, estimated to be between 400 and 6000 times stronger than morphine, depending on which isomer is used (with the cis isomers being the more potent ones). Overview and history was first discovered in 1974 and subsequently appeared on the street as an alternative to the clandestinely produced fentanyl analog α-methylfentanyl. However, it quickly became apparent that was much more potent than α-methylfentanyl, and correspondingly more dangerous. While was initially sold on the black market for only a short time between 1984 and 1985, its high potency made it an attractive target to clandestine drug producers, as racemic is 10–15 times more potent than fentanyl, and so correspondingly larger amounts of cut product for street sales can be produced for an equivalent amount of effort as for producing fentanyl itself; one gram of mig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Homologous Series
In organic chemistry, a homologous series is a sequence of compounds with the same functional group and similar chemical properties in which the members of the series differ by the number of repeating units they contain. This can be the length of a carbon chain, for example in the straight-chained alkanes (paraffins), or it could be the number of monomers in a homopolymer such as amylose. A homologue (also spelled as homolog) is a chemical compound, compound belonging to a homologous series. Compounds within a homologous series typically have a fixed set of functional groups that gives them similar chemical and physical properties. (For example, the series of primary straight-chained alcohols has a hydroxyl at the end of the carbon chain.) These properties typically change gradually along the series, and the changes can often be explained by mere differences in molecular size and mass. The name "homologous series" is also often used for any collection of compounds that have similar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
