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Federal Palace Of Switzerland
The Federal Palace is a building in Bern housing the Swiss Federal Assembly of Switzerland, Federal Assembly (legislature) and the Swiss Federal Council, Federal Council (executive). It is the seat of the government of Switzerland and parliament of the country. The building is a listed symmetrical complex just over long. It is considered one of the most important historic buildings in the country and listed in the Swiss Inventory of Cultural Assets of National Importance. It consists of three interconnected buildings in the southwest of Old City (Bern), Bern's old city. The two chambers of the Federal Assembly, the National Council (Switzerland), National Council and Council of States (Switzerland), Council of States, meet in the parliament building on Bundesplatz. The oldest part of the Federal Palace is the west wing (then called "Bundes-Rathaus", now "Bundeshaus West"), built from 1852 to 1857 under Jakob Friedrich Studer. The building united the federal administration, gov ...
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Bern
Bern (), or Berne (), ; ; ; . is the ''de facto'' Capital city, capital of Switzerland, referred to as the "federal city".; ; ; . According to the Swiss constitution, the Swiss Confederation intentionally has no "capital", but Bern has governmental institutions such as the Federal Assembly (Switzerland), Federal Assembly and Federal Council (Switzerland), Federal Council. However, the Federal Supreme Court of Switzerland, Federal Supreme Court is in Lausanne, the Federal Criminal Court of Switzerland, Federal Criminal Court is in Bellinzona and the Federal Administrative Court (Switzerland), Federal Administrative Court and the Federal Patent Court (Switzerland), Federal Patent Court are in St. Gallen, exemplifying the federal nature of the Confederation. With a population of about 146,000 (), Bern is the List of cities in Switzerland, fifth-most populous city in Switzerland, behind Zürich, Geneva, Basel and Lausanne. The Bern agglomeration, which includes 36 municipalities ...
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Swiss National Bank
The Swiss National Bank (SNB; ; ; ; ) is the central bank of Switzerland, responsible for the nation's monetary policy and the sole issuer of Swiss franc banknotes. The primary goal of its mandate is to ensure price stability, while taking economic developments into consideration. The SNB is an ''Aktiengesellschaft'' under special regulations and has two head offices, one in Bern and the other in Zürich. History The bank formed as a result of the need for a reduction in the number of commercial banks issuing banknotes, which numbered 53 sometime after 1826. In the 1874 revision of the Federal Constitution it was given the task to oversee laws concerning the issuing of banknotes. In 1891, the Federal Constitution was revised again to entrust the Confederation with sole rights to issue banknotes. 1905 foundation The Swiss National Bank was founded under the law of 6 October 1905 ('the National Bank Act'), which entered into force on 16 January 1906. Business was started on 20 ...
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Aare River
The Aare () or Aar () is the main tributary of the High Rhine (its discharge even exceeds that of the latter at their confluence) and the longest river that both rises and ends entirely within Switzerland. Its total length from its source to its junction with the Rhine comprises about , during which distance it descends , draining an area of , almost entirely within Switzerland, and accounting for close to half the area of the country, including all of Central Switzerland. There are more than 40 hydroelectric plants along the course of the Aare. The river's name dates to at least the La Tène period, and it is attested as ''Nantaror'' "Aare valley" in the Berne zinc tablet. The name was Latinized as ''Arula''/''Arola''/''Araris''. Course The Aare rises in the great Aargletschers (Aare Glaciers) of the Bernese Alps, in the canton of Bern and west of the Grimsel Pass. The Finsteraargletscher and Lauteraargletscher come together to form the Unteraargletscher (Lower A ...
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Chancellor Of Switzerland
The federal chancellor is the head of the Federal Chancellery of Switzerland, the oldest Swiss federal institution, established at the initiative of Napoleon in 1803. The officeholder acts as the general staff of the seven-member Federal Council (Switzerland), Federal Council. The chancellor is not a member of the government and the office is not at all comparable to that of the Chancellor of Germany (Federal Republic of Germany), chancellor of Germany or the chancellor of Austria, or to the United Kingdom's Chancellor of the Exchequer, chancellor of the exchequer. The current chancellor, Viktor Rossi, a member of the Green Liberal Party of Switzerland, Green Liberal Party from Bern, was elected on 13 December 2023. He began his term on 1 January 2024. Election The federal chancellor is elected for a four-year term by both chambers of the Federal Assembly (Switzerland), Federal Assembly, assembled together, at the same time (and by the same process) as it elects the Federal Cou ...
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Town Hall Of Bern
The Bern Town Hall () is the building in Bern, Switzerland that houses the Grand Council of Bern (, ), the Executive Council of Bern (, ) and the Grand Council of the City of Bern. The building is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of the Old City (Bern), Old City of Berne and is a Swiss Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance, heritage site of national significance. Function The Grand Council of the Canton of Bern meets in the town hall five times per year for about two weeks per session. While the Grand Council is in session, the cantonal flag flies above the town hall. The Executive Council of the Canton of Bern meets in the town hall generally weekly. The Grand Council of the City of Bern meets in the town hall every other Thursday. The town hall has regular guided tours of the building. Many of the rooms may also be rented by the public when not in use by the cantonal and city government. History The first town hall of the city of Be ...
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Erlacherhof
The Erlacherhof is a town mansion on the Junkerngasse No. 47 in the Old City of Bern, Switzerland, only a few steps away from the Béatrice-von-Wattenwyl-Haus. The Erlacherhof is the most representative patrician town mansion in Bern. It is the only Bernese town mansion in the Old City of Bern that has a courtyard. It is not open to the public. History The Erlacherhof was built between 1745 and 1752 after the plans of the Bernese architect Albrecht Stürler for the Bernese patrician Hieronymus von Erlach in place of two older houses of which one was the old town house of the von Erlach family. The other house belonged once to the family of Adrian von Bubenberg. In 1748, both the owner and the architect died before the mansion was completed. It was the son of Hieronymus von Erlach, Albrecht Friedrich von Erlach, who gave order to complete the mansion, most probably with the help of the sculptor Johann August Nahl. In honour of his father, Albrecht Friedrich von Erlach d ...
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Federal Administration Of Switzerland
The federal administration of Switzerland is the ensemble of agencies that constitute, together with the Swiss Federal Council, the executive branch of the Switzerland, Swiss federal authorities. The administration is charged with executing federal law and preparing draft laws and policy for the Federal Council and the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, Federal Assembly. The administration consists of seven federal departments and the Federal Chancellery of Switzerland, Federal Chancellery. The departments are roughly equivalent to the ministry (government department), ministries of other states, but their scope is generally broader. Each department consists of several federal offices, which are headed by a director-general, director, and of other agencies. The much smaller Federal Chancellery, headed by the Federal Chancellor of Switzerland, Federal Chancellor, operates as an eighth department in most respects. Federal Council The administration in its entirety is directed by ...
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Swiss Federal Constitution
The Federal Constitution of the Swiss Confederation (SR 10; (BV); (Cst.); (Cost.); ) of 18 April 1999 (SR 101) is the third and current federal constitution of Switzerland. It establishes the Swiss Confederation as a federal republic of 26 cantons (states). The document contains a catalogue of individual and popular rights (including the right to call for popular referendums on federal laws and constitutional amendments), delineates the responsibilities of the cantons and the Confederation and establishes the federal authorities of government. The Constitution was adopted by a referendum on 18 April 1999, in which a majority of the people and the cantons voted in favour. It replaced the prior federal constitution of 1874, which it was intended to bring up to date without changing its substance. History Prior to 1798, the Swiss Confederacy was a confederation of independent states, not a federal state; as such it was based on treaties rather than a constitution. T ...
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Federation
A federation (also called a federal state) is an entity characterized by a political union, union of partially federated state, self-governing provinces, states, or other regions under a #Federal governments, federal government (federalism). In a federation, the self-governing status of the component states, as well as the division of power between them and the central government, is Constitution, constitutionally entrenched and may not be altered by a unilateral decision, neither by the component states nor the federal political body without constitutional amendment. Sovereign power is formally divided between a central authority and a number of constituent regions so that each region retains some degree of control over its internal affairs. Overriding powers of a central authority theoretically can include the constitutional authority to suspend a constituent state's government by invoking gross mismanagement or civil unrest, or to adopt national legislation that override ...
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Erlacherhof Hauptfront Bern
The Erlacherhof is a town mansion on the Junkerngasse No. 47 in the Old City of Bern, Switzerland, only a few steps away from the Béatrice-von-Wattenwyl-Haus. The Erlacherhof is the most representative patrician town mansion in Bern. It is the only Bernese town mansion in the Old City of Bern that has a courtyard. It is not open to the public. History The Erlacherhof was built between 1745 and 1752 after the plans of the Bernese architect Albrecht Stürler for the Bernese patrician Hieronymus von Erlach in place of two older houses of which one was the old town house of the von Erlach family. The other house belonged once to the family of Adrian von Bubenberg. In 1748, both the owner and the architect died before the mansion was completed. It was the son of Hieronymus von Erlach, Albrecht Friedrich von Erlach, who gave order to complete the mansion, most probably with the help of the sculptor Johann August Nahl. In honour of his father, Albrecht Friedrich von Erlach d ...
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History Of The Jews In Bern
The history of the Jews in Bern dates back to at least the Middle Ages. Following the expulsion and persecution of Jews during and after the Black Death epidemic, few Jews were able to live or work in the canton until the 19th century. The Jewish community of Bern (Jüdische Gemeinde Bern) was founded in 1948 and is active to this day. The Middle Ages The first mention of Jews in Bern was in 1259. The presence of a synagogue, cemetery and Jewish quarter testifies to a thriving Jewish community. The Judengasse (Jewish quarter) was located next to the Inselkloster in today's Kochergasse. The synagogue and Judentor stood on the grounds of the Bundeshaus and in front of its main entrance, respectively. The cemetery was sold around 1323; two medieval gravestones have survived. The Jewish quarter was covered by new buildings in 1901, and partially excavated in 2003. Predominantly poor, the medieval Jews of Bern engaged in money-lending, pawnbroking, cattle trading and used-goods trad ...
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