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Fatima Jinnah
Fatima Jinnah (31 July 18939 July 1967) was a Pakistani politician, stateswoman, author, and Activism, activist. She was the younger sister of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the List of Pakistan Movement activists, founder and first governor-general of Pakistan. After obtaining a dental degree from the University of Calcutta in 1923, she became the first female dentist in undivided India. She was a close associate and adviser to her brother, Muhammad Ali Jinnah. After the independence of Pakistan, she co-founded the All Pakistan Women's Association, which played an integral role in the settlement of women migrants in the newly formed country. She remained the closest confidant of her brother until Muhammad Ali Jinnah#Illness and death, his death. After his death, Fatima was prevented from addressing the nation until 1951; her 1951 radio address was interrupted, which many believed was an attempt by the Liaquat Ali Khan government, Liaquat administration to censor her. She wrote the book ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All-India Muslim League
The All-India Muslim League (AIML) was a political party founded in 1906 in Dhaka, British India with the goal of securing Muslims, Muslim interests in South Asia. Although initially espousing a united India with interfaith unity, the Muslim League later led the Pakistan Movement, calling for a Two-nation theory, separate Muslim homeland after the British exit from India. The party arose out of the need for the political representation of Muslims in British Raj, British India, especially during the Indian National Congress-sponsored Swadeshi movement, massive Hindu opposition to the 1905 partition of Bengal. During the 1906 annual meeting of the All India Muslim Education Conference held in Ahsan Manzil, Israt Manzil Palace, Dhaka, the Nawab of Dhaka, Khwaja Salimullah, forwarded a proposal to create a political party which would protect the interests of Muslims in British India. He suggested the political party be named the 'All-India Muslim League'. The motion was unanimously ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Governor-general Of Pakistan
The governor-general of Pakistan () was the Political representation, representative of the Monarchy of Pakistan, Pakistani monarch in the Dominion of Pakistan, established by the Indian Independence Act 1947. The office of governor-general was abolished when Pakistan became an Pakistan, Islamic republic in 1956. Constitutional role In the first years after its independence, Pakistan was one of the Commonwealth realm, realms of the Commonwealth of Nations that shared the same person as sovereign and head of state. The Pakistani monarch was represented in the dominion by the governor-general of Pakistan, whom the monarch appointed on the advice of the Pakistani government. The Pakistani monarch and the Federal Legislature of Pakistan constituted the Parliament of Pakistan. All executive powers of Pakistan rested with the sovereign. All laws in Pakistan were enacted only with royal assent, granted by the governor-general on behalf of the sovereign. The governor-general was also r ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mother Of The Nation
The Father of the Nation is an honorific title given to a person considered the driving force behind the establishment of a country, state, or nation. Pater Patriae was a Roman honorific meaning the "Father of the Fatherland", bestowed by the Senate on heroes, and later on emperors. In monarchies, the monarch is often considered the "father/mother of the nation" or as a patriarch to guide his family. This concept is expressed in the divine right of kings espoused in some monarchies, while in others it is codified into constitutional law. In the United States, George Washington, commander of the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War, president of the Constitutional Convention, and the first president of the United States, is commonly considered the Father of the Nation. In Spain, the monarch is considered the personification and embodiment, the symbol of unity and permanence of the nation. In Thailand, the monarch is given the same recognition, and any perso ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Civil Rights
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' political freedom, freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals. They ensure one's entitlement to participate in the civil and political life of society and the State (polity), state. Civil rights generally include ensuring peoples' physical and mental integrity, right to life, life, and safety, protection from discrimination, the right to privacy, the freedom of freedom of thought, thought, freedom of speech, speech, freedom of religion, religion, freedom of the press, press, freedom of assembly, assembly, and freedom of movement, movement. Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of the accused, including the right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy; and rights of Participation (decision making), participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of association, th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ayub Khan
Mohammad Ayub Khan (14 May 1907 – 19 April 1974) was a Pakistani military dictator who served as the second president of Pakistan from 1958 until his resignation on 1969. He was the first native commander-in-chief of the Pakistan Army, serving from 1951 to 1958. Khan rose to prominence after his 1958 coup d'état which ousted President Iskandar Ali Mirza, who had himself imposed martial law in the country. Ayub Khan's presidency ended in 1969 when he resigned amid the 1968–69 Pakistan revolution. Born in the North-West Frontier Province, Ayub Khan was educated from the Aligarh Muslim University and trained at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. He fought in the Second World War on the British side against the Imperial Japanese Army. After the Partition of British India in August 1947, he joined the Pakistan Army and was posted in East Bengal. In 1951, he became the first native commander-in-chief, succeeding General Gracey. From 1953 to 1958, he served in the civilia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1965 Pakistani Presidential Election
Pakistan's first presidential elections were held on 2 January 1965. The voting was to be indirect, as the President had to be elected by the 80,000 "basic democrats", who made up the Electoral College. These Basic Democrats were democratically elected public representatives who served in the Divisional, District, Tehsil or Union councils. There have been multiple accusations of Pakistan’s military establishment rigging the election in favor of General Ayub Khan. There were two major parties contesting the elections: the Convention Muslim League and the Combined Opposition Parties. The Combined Opposition Parties consisted of five major opposition parties, and had a nine-point program, which included the restoration of parliamentary democracy and introduction of direct elections and adult franchise. The Combined Opposition Parties had no single leadership and were therefore, unable to select a presidential candidate from amongst themselves. Hence, they chose Fatima Jinnah a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quaid-i-Azam Academy
The Quaid-i-Azam Academy () is an institution of the Pakistan Government to promote the study and understanding of the personality and work of Quaid-i-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, his associates, the Pakistan Movement and of the various aspects of Pakistan. History It was established on the occasion of the 100th birth anniversary of Quaid-i-Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah in 1976, by a resolution of the Government of Pakistan, as an autonomous body. Administration The academy is headed by a chairman and works as a component organization of Ministry of Culture, Sports & Youth Affairs, Government of Pakistan. The president of Pakistan is the patron, and the prime minister of Pakistan The prime minister of Pakistan (, Roman Urdu, romanized: Wazīr ē Aʿẓam , ) is the head of government of the Islamic Republic of Pakistan. Executive authority is vested in the prime minister and his chosen Cabinet of Pakistan, cabinet, desp ... is the president, whereas the federal minister of culture is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sharif Al Mujahid
Sharif al Mujahid (1 July 1926 – 27 January 2020) was a Pakistani journalist, historian, author, and professor. Education and career Al Mujahid was born on 1 July 1926 in Madras, India (modern day Chennai). After finishing his BA degree in 1949, he went on to complete a master's degree in Islamic History at Madras University in 1951. He completed additional MA degrees in journalism in 1952 from Stanford University, and in Islamic Studies from McGill University in 1959. Al Mujahid joined Karachi University as a lecturer in 1955 and later became a professor on 3 July 1972. He was a founding member of the journalism department (now the department of mass communications) at the same university where he mentored a lot of students in journalism including the noted journalist Muhammad Ali Siddiqui. In 1976, he established the Quaid-i-Azam Academy, where he was the founding director. He served as director at the Quaid-i-Azam Academy until 1989. As a journalist, before the indep ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
My Brother (book)
''My Brother'' is the biography of Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the founder of Pakistan, attributed to his sister Fatima Jinnah. It is claimed that the publication of Hector Bolitho's book, ''Jinnah Creator of Pakistan'', in 1954 prompted her to write about her brother as it was felt that Bolitho's book had failed to bring out the political aspects of her brother's life. It was published by the Quaid-i-Azam Academy in 1987, while Fatima Jinnah died on 1967. The book focused on his political aspirations and how his failing health affected them. ''Daily Times (Pakistan), The Daily Times'' summarised it as "...he was aware of the peril his failing health posed, thus wanted to do whatever he could to build the new country whose existence was precarious owing to lack of resources and enormous challenges on the economic and political fronts." It explores his feelings of betrayal in old age and sickness, for example, when picked up by an ambulance when struggling to breathe, it ran out of fuel, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Liaquat Ali Khan Government
The Liaquat Ali Khan government, commonly abbreviated as the L.A Khan government or Ali Khan administration was the first government and cabinet of Pakistan which ruled from 1947 to 1951, and was led by Liaquat Ali Khan. The government was founded on 15 August 1947, almost immediately after the Partition of India and Pakistan's independence. The founder of Pakistan, Muhammad Ali Jinnah tasked Liaquat Ali Khan, a leading figure in Pakistan's independence to form an administration and consolidate the new Pakistani governments’ control, while Jinnah himself opted for the more the ceremonial position of head of state ''(Governor-General).'' The administration would be led by the newly formed Muslim League, while the cabinet would be composed of several Pakistan movement activists and members of the Muslim League. The government's main focus was recovering from the bloody partition of India, which took the lives of over 1 million people. The government also faced increasing chal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
All Pakistan Women's Association
The All Pakistan Women's Association, or APWA, () as it is commonly known, is a voluntary, non-profit and non-political Pakistani organisation whose fundamental aim is the promotion of moral, social and economic welfare of the women of Pakistan.Profile of All Pakistan Women Association (APWA) on charity-charities.org website Retrieved 16 August 2017 APWA was founded in 1949 by Begum Ra'ana Liaquat Ali Khan, a famous activist for women's rights, who had said that the role of women is no less important than that of men. Initially APWA was formed to handle the refugee crisis in the newly independent Pakistan after the 1947 partition of British India. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
