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Farzam Arbab
The Universal House of Justice is the nine-member supreme ruling body of the Baháʼí Faith. It was envisioned by Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith, as an institution that could legislate on issues not already addressed in the Baháʼí writings, providing flexibility for the Baháʼí Faith to adapt to changing conditions. It was first elected in 1963, and subsequently every five years, by delegates consisting of the members of Baháʼí National Spiritual Assemblies throughout the world. The Universal House of Justice, as the head of the religion, has provided direction to the worldwide Baháʼí community primarily through a series of multi-year plans, as well as through annual messages delivered during the Ridván festival. The messages have focused on increasing the number of Local Spiritual Assemblies, translating Baháʼí literature, establishing Baháʼí Centres, completing Baháʼí Houses of Worship, holding international conferences, and developin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
International Baháʼí Council
The International Baháʼí Council (IBC) was an administrative institution of the Baháʼí Faith, first created in 1951 as a precursor to the Universal House of Justice, which replaced it in 1963. Formation The following is a January 9, 1951 telex to the Baháʼí world from Shoghi Effendi announcing the Council: :''Proclaim National Assemblies of East and West weighty epoch-making decision of formation of first International Baháʼí Council, forerunner of supreme administrative institution destined to emerge in fullness of time within precincts beneath shadow of World Spiritual Center of Faith already established in twin cities of 'Akká and Haifa....'' In this telex Shoghi Effendi described the significance of the International Baháʼí Council: :''...Hail with thankful, joyous heart at long last the constitution of International Council which history will acclaim as the greatest event shedding luster upon second epoch of Formative Age of Baháʼí Dispensation potenti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baháʼí Faith And Gender Equality
One of the fundamental teachings of the Baháʼí Faith is that men and women are equal and that equality of the sexes is a spiritual and moral standard essential for the unification of the planet and a prerequisite for peace. Baháʼí teachings stress the importance of implementing this principle in individual, family, and community life. Nevertheless, the Baháʼí notion of the full spiritual and social equality of the two sexes does not imply sameness, so that gender distinction and differentiation are observed in certain areas of life. Significantly, while women can and do serve in an extensive range of elected and appointed positions within the Baháʼí administration at both national and international levels, they are not permitted to serve as members of the Universal House of Justice, the supreme governing institution of the Baháʼí Faith. Equality The equality of men and women is a fundamental Baháʼí principle, that is explicit in the writings of Baháʼu'lláh, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prayer In The Baháʼí Faith
There are two types of prayer in the Baháʼí Faith: ''obligatory prayer'' and ''general'' or ''devotional prayer''. Both types of prayer are composed of reverent words which are addressed to God, and the act of prayer is one of the most important Baháʼí laws for individual discipline. The purpose of prayer in the Baháʼí Faith is to grow closer to God and his Manifestations and to help better one's own conduct and to request divine assistance. Baháʼís between the ages of 15 and 70 are required to perform one of three prescribed obligatory prayers daily and individually, according to a set form and in accordance with specific laws. In addition to the daily obligatory prayer, Baháʼí scripture directs believers daily to offer devotional prayer as well as to meditate and study sacred scripture. There is no set form for devotions and meditations. There is a large corpus of devotional prayers written by the Báb, Baháʼu'lláh, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, the central figures of th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Seat Of The Universal House Of Justice IMG 0888
A seat is a place to sit. The term may encompass additional features, such as back, armrest, head restraint but may also refer to concentrations of power in a wider sense (i.e "seat (legal entity)"). See disambiguation. Types of seat The following are examples of different kinds of seat: * Armchair, a chair equipped with armrests * Airline seat, for passengers in an aircraft * Bar stool, a high stool used in bars and many houses * Bench, a long hard seat * Bicycle seat, a saddle on a bicycle * Car seat, a seat in an automobile * Cathedra, a seat for a bishop located in a cathedral * Chair, a seat with a back * Chaise longue, a soft chair with leg support * Couch, a long soft seat * Ejection seat, rescue seat in an aircraft * Folding seat * Hard seat * Infant car seat, for a small child in a car * Jump seat, auxiliary seat in a vehicle * Pew, a long seat in a church, synagogue, or courtroom * Saddle, a type of seat used on the backs of animals, bicycles, lap etc. * Slidi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Huqúqu'lláh
Ḥuqúqu'lláh (, "Right of God") is a voluntary wealth tax paid by adherents of the Baháʼí Faith to support the work of the religion. Individuals following the practice calculate 19% of their discretionary income (after-tax income minus essential expenses) and send it to the head of the religion, which since 1963 has been the Universal House of Justice. Ḥuqúqu'lláh is a Baháʼí law established by Baháʼu'lláh in the ''Kitáb-i-Aqdas'' in 1873. It is separate and distinct from the general Baháʼí funds. It provides for the financial security of the community by funding promotional activities and the upkeep of properties, and it is a basis for a future welfare program. The Ḥuqúqu'lláh payment is considered a way to purify one's possessions. It is an individual obligation; nobody in the general community should know who has or has not contributed, nor should anyone be solicited individually for funds. Along with several other practices, it was initially only appl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baháʼí Laws
Baháʼí laws are laws and ordinances used in the Baháʼí Faith and are a fundamental part of Baháʼí practice. The laws are based on authenticated texts from Baháʼu'lláh, the founder of the Baháʼí Faith, and also includes subsequent interpretations from ʻAbdu'l-Bahá and Shoghi Effendi, and legislation by the Universal House of Justice. Baháʼí law is presented as a set of general principles and guidelines and individuals must apply them as they best seem fit. While some of the social laws are enforced by Baháʼí institutions, the emphasis is placed on individuals following the laws based on their conscience, understanding and reasoning, and Baháʼís are expected to follow the laws for the love of Baháʼu'lláh. The laws are seen as the method of the maintenance of order and security in the world. History The Baháʼí Faith had its roots in the Bábí Religion which was started by the Báb in the mid-19th century in Persia. Originally Bábís adhered to the Is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Persecution Of Baháʼís
Baháʼís are persecuted in various countries, especially in Iran, where the Baháʼí Faith originated and where one of the largest Baháʼí populations in the world is located. The origins of the persecution stem from a variety of Baháʼí teachings which are inconsistent with traditional Islamic beliefs, including the finality of Muhammad's prophethood, and the placement of Baháʼís outside the Islamic religion.Mottahedeh, Roy, ''The Mantle of the Prophet : Religion and Politics in Iran'', One World, Oxford, 1985, 2000, p.238 Thus, Baháʼís are seen as apostates from Islam. Baháʼí spokespeople, as well as the United Nations, Amnesty International, the European Union, the United States, and peer-reviewed academic literature have stated that the members of the Baháʼí community in Iran have been subjected to unwarranted arrests, false imprisonment, beatings, torture, unjustified executions, confiscation and destruction of property owned by Baháʼí individuals ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baháʼí Literature
Baháʼí literature includes the books, letters, and recorded public talks of the Baháʼí Faith's founders, the clarifying letters of Shoghi Effendi, the elucidations of the Universal House of Justice, and a variety of commentary and history published by Baháʼí authors. The Faith's scriptural texts are the writings of the Báb, Baháʼu'lláh, and ʻAbdu'l-Bahá, written in Arabic or Persian in the late 19th and early 20th century Middle East. The religion's most prominent doctrinal foundation comes from the ''Kitáb-i-Íqán'' (''Book of Certitude''), a work composed by Baháʼu'lláh in 1861. Later in 1873, he wrote the ''Kitáb-i-Aqdas'' (''Most Holy Book''), which is the central text of the Baháʼí Faith. ''Some Answered Questions'' is a compilation of table talks between ʻAbdu'l-Bahá and a western pilgrim that was recorded in the original Persian language. From 1910-13, ʻAbdu'l-Bahá traveled through Europe and North America giving many public talks that were ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Soul (spirit)
The soul is the purported immaterial aspect or essence of a living being. It is typically believed to be immortal and to exist apart from the material world. The three main theories that describe the relationship between the soul and the body are interactionism, parallelism, and epiphenomenalism. Anthropologists and psychologists have found that most humans are naturally inclined to believe in the existence of the soul and that they have interculturally distinguished between souls and bodies. The soul has been the central area of interest in philosophy since ancient times. Socrates envisioned the soul to possess a rational faculty, its practice being man's most godlike activity. Plato believed the soul to be the person's real self, an immaterial and immortal dweller of our lives that continues and thinks even after death. Aristotle sketched out the soul as the " first actuality" of a naturally organized body—form and matter arrangement allowing natural beings to aspi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absentee Ballot
Absentee or The Absentee may refer to: * Absentee (band), a British band * The Absentee, a novel by Maria Edgeworth, published in 1812 in ''Tales of Fashionable Life'' * ''The Absentee'' (1915 film), a 1915 American silent film directed by Christy Cabanne * ''The Absentee'' (1951 film), a 1951 Mexican film directed by Julio Bracho * ''The Absentee'' (1989 film), a 1989 Argentine film * ''Absentee'' (album), an album from Pitch Black Forecast See also * Absenteeism * Absentee ballot * Absentee landlord * Absentee-Shawnee Tribe of Indians * Present absentee {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Garden Of Ridván, Baghdad
The Garden of Ridván (literally ''garden of paradise'') or Najibiyyih Garden was a wooded garden in what is now Baghdad's Al-Rusafa, Iraq, Rusafa District, on the banks of the Tigris river. It is notable as the location where Baháʼu'lláh, founder of the Baháʼí Faith, stayed for twelve days from April 21 to May 2, 1863, after the Ottoman Empire exiled him from Baghdad and before commencing his journey to Constantinople. During his stay in this garden, Baháʼu'lláh announced to his followers that he was the messianic figure of He whom God shall make manifest, whose coming had been foretold by the Báb. These events are celebrated annually during the Ridván, Festival of Ridván. Location and appearance The garden was located in a large agricultural area immediately north of the walls of the city of Baghdad, about from the city's northern Mu'azzam gate. Located on the eastern bank of the Tigris River in what is now the Bab Al-Moatham, Bab al-Mu'azzam neighbourhood of Baghd ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
