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Farfallino Alphabet
The farfallino alphabet (in Italian alfabeto farfallino) is a language game used primarily in Italy, which can be regarded as an elementary form of substitution cipher. It is usually used by children for amusement or to converse in (perceived) privacy from adults. The name "farfallino" comes from the word "farfalla" (butterfly), which is an ordinary Italian word but sounds like the "codified" words in farfallino alphabet. The farfallino alphabet is similar to games found in other languages such as jeringonza (Spanish/Portuguese), langue de feu ( French), Fay Kee Bolee (Urdu) and pig latin (English). Rules and variations The usual rules for farfallino alphabet are based on the substitution of each vowel with a 3 letter sequence where the vowel itself is repeated with an interceding ''f''. * casa → cafasafa * lago → lafagofo * stella → stefellafa * re → refe * cercare → cefercafarefe Here is an example: :''Quefestofo èfe ufun efesefempifiofo difi frafasefe ifin a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Italy
Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical region. Italy is also considered part of Western Europe, and shares land borders with France, Switzerland, Austria, Slovenia and the enclaved microstates of Vatican City and San Marino. It has a territorial exclave in Switzerland, Campione. Italy covers an area of , with a population of over 60 million. It is the third-most populous member state of the European Union, the sixth-most populous country in Europe, and the tenth-largest country in the continent by land area. Italy's capital and largest city is Rome. Italy was the native place of many civilizations such as the Italic peoples and the Etruscans, while due to its central geographic location in Southern Europe and the Mediterranean, the country has also historically b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
English Language
English is a West Germanic language of the Indo-European language family, with its earliest forms spoken by the inhabitants of early medieval England. It is named after the Angles, one of the ancient Germanic peoples that migrated to the island of Great Britain. Existing on a dialect continuum with Scots, and then closest related to the Low Saxon and Frisian languages, English is genealogically West Germanic. However, its vocabulary is also distinctively influenced by dialects of France (about 29% of Modern English words) and Latin (also about 29%), plus some grammar and a small amount of core vocabulary influenced by Old Norse (a North Germanic language). Speakers of English are called Anglophones. The earliest forms of English, collectively known as Old English, evolved from a group of West Germanic ( Ingvaeonic) dialects brought to Great Britain by Anglo-Saxon settlers in the 5th century and further mutated by Norse-speaking Viking settlers starting in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Language Games
A language game (also called a cant, secret language, ludling, or argot) is a system of manipulating spoken words to render them incomprehensible to an untrained listener. Language games are used primarily by groups attempting to conceal their conversations from others. Some common examples are Pig Latin; the Gibberish family, prevalent in the United States and Sweden; and Verlan, spoken in France. A common difficulty with language games is that they are usually passed down orally; while written translations can be made, they are often imperfect, and thus spelling can vary widely. Some factions argue that words in these spoken tongues should simply be written the way they are pronounced, while others insist that the purity of language demands that the transformation remain visible when the words are imparted to paper. Use Some language games such as Pig Latin are so widely known that privacy is virtually impossible, as most people have a passable understanding of how it works ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tutnese
Tutnese (also known as Tut and Tutahash) is an argot created by enslaved African Americans based on African-American Vernacular English as a method to covertly teach and learn spelling and reading. Language rules In Tutnese, vowels are pronounced normally, but each consonant is replaced with a different syllable. The linguistics journal '' American Speech'' published the following table detailing syllables that replace consonants in Tutnese: A different set of syllables for the Tutahash language game had appeared in '' The New York Times Magazine'' several decades earlier, and the author noted the similarities between Tutahash and the "Double Dutch" language game, which he claimed to be the third most widely spoken language game in the United States when he was writing in 1944, but he also indicated several differences between the two, detailed in the following table: Double letters in a word, rather than being repeated, are preceded by the syllable ''square'' or ''squ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Javanais
Javanais () is a type of French slang where the extra syllable is infixed inside a word after every consonant that is followed by a vowel, in order to render it incomprehensible. Some common examples are ''gros'' (, "fat") which becomes ''gravos'' (); ''bonjour'' (, "hello"'), which becomes ''bavonjavour'' (); and ''pénible'' (, "annoying"), becomes ''pavénaviblave'' (). ''Paris'' () becomes ''Pavaravis'' (). Javanais is determined by the production rule: ''CV → CavV''. There are also many variations that can be made upon the same pattern such as: ''CabV, CalV, CanV'', etc. In French the word ''Javanais'' is also used to refer to the Javanese language. Around 1957, Boris Vian wrote a song ''La Java Javanaise''. The lyrics are a didactical method to learn the javanais. Each verse is firstly articulated in regular French, then translated in slang. As the title suggests, the song is a Java, a Parisian dance craze. In 1962, Serge Gainsbourg wrote and sang a song called '' La ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ubbi Dubbi
Ubbi dubbi is a language game spoken with the English language. Originating in America in the 17th century, it was popularized by the 1972–1978 PBS children's show '' Zoom''. When ''Zoom'' was revived in 1999 on PBS, Ubbi dubbi was again a feature of the show. Variations of Ubbi Dubbi include Obbish, Ob, Ib, Arpy Darpy, and Iz. Rules Ubbi dubbi works by adding ''-ub-'' before each vowel sound in a syllable (or, as a linguist might put it, "insert �ʌbafter each syllable onset"). The stress falls on the "ub" of the syllable that is stressed in the original word. In the word "hello" for example, which is stressed on the "-lo" syllable, the stress falls on the "lub" in "hubellubo". The method of adding "ub" before each vowel sound has been described as "iterative infixation". Examples * Good day → "Gubood dubay" * Speak → "spubeak" * Hello → "hubellubo" * Extra → "ubextruba" * Hubba Bubba bubblegum → "Hububbuba Bububbuba bubububblegubum" * Mi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jerigonza
Jeringonza is a Spanish language game played by children in Spain and all over Hispanic America. It consists of adding the letter ''p'' after each vowel of a word, and repeating the vowel. For example, ''Carlos'' turns into ''Cápar-lopos''. For syllables with multiple vowels, usually only the stressed vowel is used. ''Australia'' becomes ''Apaus-trapa-liapa''. Some people treat all vowels alike: they would say ''Apa-upus-trapa-lipi-apa''. Yet another variant inserts the ''p''+vowel at the end of all syllables instead of just after the vowel: ''Carlos'' does not become ''Cápar-lopos'' in this version, but ''Carpa-lospo''. This language game is also known by alternate names in Spanish-speaking countries: ''jeringozo'' in Argentina and Uruguay, ''jerigonzo'', ''jerigonza'' or ''jerigoncio'' in Chile and Colombia, and so on. In other countries it is called simply ''idioma de la pe'' (Spanish for '' P-language'') and in Andalucía, "con la pe" (with the P). Most names derive ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Língua Do Pê
Língua dos Pês ( Portuguese, ''P Language'') is a language game spoken in Brazil and Portugal with Portuguese. It is also known in other languages, such as Dutch, Afrikaans, and Estonian. Function There are at least three different "dialects," or variations, of Língua do Pê. "Double talk" dialect This "dialect" of Língua do Pê is just like the Jeringonza and the Idioma F language games in Spanish. It works by repeating the rime of each syllable, beginning it with ''p'' (''pê'' in Portuguese). Examples: * você → ''vo-po-cê-pê'' * gato → ''ga-pa-to-po'' * menino → ''me-pe-ni-pi-no-po'' Vowel-changing dialect This "dialect" is like the one described above, except that some vowels are changed. When an open syllable (one that ends in a vowel) has or as its vowel, it is changed to and , respectively. : Example: * * ''Você cortou o seu cabelo?'' (Did you cut your hair?) Please note that the syllables beginning with ''p'' are stressed, not the original ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiced Velar Plosive
The voiced velar plosive or stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages. Some languages have the voiced pre-velar plosive, which is articulated slightly more front compared with the place of articulation of the prototypical velar plosive, though not as front as the prototypical palatal plosive. Conversely, some languages have the voiced post-velar plosive, which is articulated slightly behind the place of articulation of the prototypical velar plosive, though not as back as the prototypical uvular plosive. IPA symbol The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is g. Strictly, the IPA symbol is the so-called single-storey G , but the double-storey G is considered an acceptable alternative. The Unicode character renders as either a single-storey G or a double-storey G depending on font; the character is always a single-storey G, but it is generally available only in fonts with t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
