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Fall Of Haifa
The Battle of Haifa, also known as the Fall of Haifa, and called by the Jewish forces Operation Bi'ur Hametz ( " Passover Cleansing"), was a Haganah operation carried out on 21–22 April 1948 and a major event in the final stages of the civil war in Palestine, leading up to the 1948 Arab-Israeli War. The objective of the operation was the capture of the Arab neighborhoods of Haifa. The operation formed part of the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight, with approximately 15,000 Arab residents being displaced between April 21–22, and with only 4,000 remaining in the city by mid-May from a pre-conflict population of approximately 65,000. Background Before the war, Haifa was a mixed city with a population of 135,000, split between Jews (70,000) and Palestinian Arabs (65,000). The two populations were largely separate, with the main Jewish areas of the city being Hadar HaCarmel, Bat Galim, and Neve Sha'anan, while Halisa, Wadi Salib, Wadi Nisnas, Kfur Samir, and Wadi al-Ji ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Passover
Passover, also called Pesach (; ), is a major Jewish holidays, Jewish holiday and one of the Three Pilgrimage Festivals. It celebrates the Exodus of the Israelites from slavery in Biblical Egypt, Egypt. According to the Book of Exodus, God in Judaism, God commanded Moses to tell the Israelites to slaughter a lamb and mark their doorframes with its blood, in addition to instructions for consuming the lamb that night. For that night, God would send the Destroying angel (Bible), Angel of Death to bring about the Plagues of Egypt, tenth plague, in which he would Plagues of Egypt#plague10, smite all the firstborn in Egypt. But when the angel saw the blood on the Israelites' doorframes, he would ''pass over'' their homes so that the plague should not enter (hence the name). The story is part of the broader Exodus narrative, in which the Israelites, while living in Egypt, are enslaved en masse by the Pharaoh to suppress them; when Pharaoh refuses God's demand to let them go, God sends ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yishuv
The Yishuv (), HaYishuv Ha'ivri (), or HaYishuv HaYehudi Be'Eretz Yisra'el () was the community of Jews residing in Palestine prior to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. The term came into use in the 1880s, when there were about 25,000 Jews living in that region, and continued to be used until 1948, by which time there were some 630,000 Jews there. The term is still in use to denote the pre-1948 Jewish residents in Palestine, corresponding to the southern part of Ottoman Syria until 1918, OETA South in 1917–1920, and Mandatory Palestine in 1920–1948. A distinction is sometimes drawn between the '' Old Yishuv'' and the '' New Yishuv''. The Old Yishuv refers to all the Jews living in Palestine before the first Zionist immigration wave (''aliyah'') of 1882, and to their descendants until 1948. The Old Yishuv residents were religious Jews, living mainly in Jerusalem, Safed, Tiberias, and Hebron. There were smaller communities in Jaffa, Haifa, Peki'in, Acre, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United Nations Partition Plan For Palestine
The United Nations Partition Plan for Palestine was a proposal by the United Nations to partition Mandatory Palestine at the end of the British Mandate. Drafted by the U.N. Special Committee on Palestine (UNSCOP) on 3 September 1947, the Plan was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 29 November 1947 as Resolution 181 (II). The resolution recommended the creation of independent but economically linked Arab and Jewish States and an extraterritorial " Special International Regime" for the city of Jerusalem and its surroundings. Galina NikitinaThe State of Israel: A Historical, Economic and Political Study / By Galina Nikitina / 1973, Progress Publishers / p. 50./ref> The Partition Plan, a four-part document attached to the resolution, provided for the termination of the Mandate; the gradual withdrawal of British armed forces by no later than 1 August 1948; and the delineation of boundaries between the two States and Jerusalem at least two months after the withdrawal, but no l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea ( ) is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the east by the Levant in West Asia, on the north by Anatolia in West Asia and Southern Europe, on the south by North Africa, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border. The Mediterranean Sea covers an area of about , representing 0.7% of the global ocean surface, but its connection to the Atlantic via the Strait of Gibraltar—the narrow strait that connects the Atlantic Ocean to the Mediterranean Sea and separates the Iberian Peninsula in Europe from Morocco in Africa—is only wide. Geological evidence indicates that around 5.9 million years ago, the Mediterranean was cut off from the Atlantic and was partly or completely desiccation, desiccated over a period of some 600,000 years during the Messinian salinity crisis before being refilled by the Zanclean flood about 5.3 million years ago. The sea was an important ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wadi Al-Jimal
Ein HaYam (), formerly Wadi al-Jimal, is a small neighborhood in Haifa, Israel between Kiryat Sprinzak and Kiryat Eliezer, mostly separated from the sea by railroad tracks. The neighborhood was founded in 1937 by Arab families and was known in Arabic as Wadi al-Jimal. The neighborhood was called "Ein HaYam -- Wadi al-Jimal" until 2006, when the official name and entrance sign were changed to "Ein HaYam (Previously Wadi al-Jimal)." In August 2021, the Haifa Naming Commission recommended restoration of the old name and signage and received pushback from some officials. By 2022, the municipality of Haifa was referring to the neighborhood as "Ein HaYam - Wadi al-Jimal" in official publications and the pre-2006 entrance sign had been restored. After the 2023 Hamas-led attack on Israel On October 7, 2023, Hamas and several other Palestinians, Palestinian militant groups launched coordinated armed incursions from the Gaza Strip into the Gaza envelope of southern Israel, the first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wadi Nisnas
Wadi Nisnas (; ) is a predominantly Arab neighborhood in the city of Haifa, with a population of about 8,000 inhabitants. Etymology 'Wadi' is the Arabic word for valley, and 'nisnas' means mongoose, with the Egyptian mongoose being indigenous to the region. History Wadi Nisnas was developed at the end of the nineteenth century as a Christian-Arab neighborhood outside the walls of Haifa. 1948 Palestine war During the 1948 Palestine war, as part of the 1948 Palestinian expulsion and flight, the vast majority of Haifa's Arab population fled or were expelled from the city, many during the battle of Haifa. The remaining Arab population was relocated to Wadi Nisnas in a process that has been described as " ghettoization". Present day The current Israeli Central Bureau of Statistics census estimates that 66% of the Wadi Nisnas population are Christians, 31.5% are Muslims, and the rest are Jews. Cultural references Wadi Nisnas is the setting for the 1987 novel, ''Hatsotsrah ba- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wadi Salib
Wadi Salib (, ; lit. Valley of the Cross) is a neighbourhood located in downtown Haifa, Israel, on the lower northeastern slope of Mount Carmel, between the Hadar HaCarmel and the city's historic center and CBD. History Wadi Salib was established near the old city walls in 1761, shortly after modern Haifa had been established by Zahir al-Umar. The neighborhood was populated by Muslim and Christian Arabs until the mid-nineteenth century, when development in Haifa began pushing outwards to other parts of the city. After the arrival of Jewish residents in early 20th century, Wadi Salib and nearby Wadi Nisnas remained the important Arab neighborhoods in Haifa. In the 1930s and 1940s, both were sites of numerous riots over British rule and increased Jewish immigration to British Mandate Palestine. By the end of the 1948 Arab-Israeli War, 60,000 Arabs had left the city and few were permitted to return to their homes in Wadi Salib and other areas, as most of the buildings of Wadi Sa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halisa
Halisa (; ), also spelled Khalisa, is a neighborhood in the southeastern part of Haifa in northern Israel. It is located in the administrative region of Nave Sha'anan-Izraeliya, on the edge of the Mount Carmel. Geography Halisa lies at an altitude of less than 100 meters, about 2 kilometers southeast of the center of the lower town. It is bordered to the south by the Nave Sha'anan district, to the west by Nachala, and to the north by the central part of the city around Kibbutz Galujot Street. Further to the north, industrial areas are already spread around the port of Haifa. It occupies a position on the northern edge of the slopes of Carmel. To the west, this settlement slope is bounded by the valley of wadi Nahal Giborim. The main traffic axis is ha-Giborim Street. The population is Arab, with a Jewish minority. History Halisa features the oldest settlement centers in this area. The Rushmiya Bridge, built in 1927 under the mayor Hassan Bey Shukri, leads over the Nahal Giborim ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Neve Sha'anan (Haifa)
Nave Sha'anan (, ) is a large residential neighborhood in eastern Haifa, Israel that extends from the lower inclines of Mount Carmel to midway across its slopes. The main campus of the Technion university is located in the outskirts of Nave Sha'anan. Its name is one of the many traditional "Names of Jerusalem", and is based on a verse in the Isaiah: "Look upon Zion, the city of our solemnities: thine eyes shall see Jerusalem a quiet habitation, a tabernacle that shall not be taken down". History Nave Sha'anan was founded in 1922 as an isolated rural neighbourhood on the Carmel mountain with typical one storey family homes, some of which can still be glimpsed here and there. During the 60s and the 70s the neighbourhood gradually transformed into its present urban form. In recent years it is undergoing a rapid process of renovation and replacement of older homes by new high rise residential blocks. Demography In 2021, Nave Sha'anan proper had a population of 44,100, accountin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bat Galim
Bat Galim (, ''lit.'' Daughter of the Waves) is a neighborhood of Haifa, Israel, located at the foot of Mount Carmel on the Mediterranean coast. Bat Galim is known for its promenade and sandy beaches. The neighborhood spans from Rambam hospital in the North to the Haifa Cable Cars in the South, and from the Mediterranean Sea's shore line in the West to Bat Galim's train station on the East. History Bat Galim was the first point of Jewish settlement in modern Haifa. The neighborhood was established in the 1920s as a garden suburb of private homes designed by the Bauhaus architect Richard Kauffmann. During the British Mandate, Bat Galim was Haifa's entertainment center. The "Casino," a landmark building on the Bat Galim promenade, housed a cafe patronized by British officers, although it was never used for gambling. It was also the center of water sports in the country, and a swimming pool was built there. Activity at the Bat Galim "Casino" declined over the years until, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
