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Faecal Egg Count Reduction Test
The fecal egg count reduction test was suggested in the World Association for the Advancement of Veterinary Parasitology guideline for estimating the reduction in fecal egg counts and its corresponding confidence interval. The results of this test can be used to determine the anthelmintic resistance status of the animals. Generally an analytical sensitivity of 50 is used, 15 is also possible if a greater sensitivity is desired. In order to reduce the counting variability, using groups of at least 10-15 animals was suggested, depending on the animal species of interest. In addition, the mean pre-treatment fecal egg counts should be at least 150 eggs per gram, otherwise the test can give unreliable results. Mathematical formulation Suppose a group of n_T animals received anthelmintic treatment and a group of n_C animals serves as control. The percentage reduction in fecal egg counts can be calculated as \text = 100\times \left(1-\frac\right) where \bar_T and \bar_C denote t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eggs Per Gram
Eggs per gram (eggs/g) is a laboratory test that determines the number of eggs per gram of feces in patients suspected of having a parasitological infection, such as schistosomiasis. Measuring the number of eggs per gram is the primary diagnostic method for schistosomiasis, as opposed to a blood test. Eggs per gram or another analyse like larvae per gram of faeces is one of the most important experiments that is done in parasitology labs. Methods to count the number of eggs per gram: * Willis method * McMaster method * Clayton-Lane method See also * Kato technique * Helminths Parasitic worms, also known as helminths, are a polyphyletic group of large macroparasites; adults can generally be seen with the naked eye. Many are intestinal worms that are soil-transmitted and infect the gastrointestinal tract. Other par ... References External links * Parasitology Clinical pathology {{Pathology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eggs Per Gram
Eggs per gram (eggs/g) is a laboratory test that determines the number of eggs per gram of feces in patients suspected of having a parasitological infection, such as schistosomiasis. Measuring the number of eggs per gram is the primary diagnostic method for schistosomiasis, as opposed to a blood test. Eggs per gram or another analyse like larvae per gram of faeces is one of the most important experiments that is done in parasitology labs. Methods to count the number of eggs per gram: * Willis method * McMaster method * Clayton-Lane method See also * Kato technique * Helminths Parasitic worms, also known as helminths, are a polyphyletic group of large macroparasites; adults can generally be seen with the naked eye. Many are intestinal worms that are soil-transmitted and infect the gastrointestinal tract. Other par ... References External links * Parasitology Clinical pathology {{Pathology-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Anthelmintic
Anthelmintics or antihelminthics are a group of antiparasitic drugs that expel parasitic worms (helminths) and other internal parasites from the body by either stunning or killing them without causing significant damage to the host. They may also be called vermifuges (those that stun) or vermicides (those that kill). Anthelmintics are used to treat people who are infected by helminths, a condition called helminthiasis. These drugs are also used to treat infected animals, particularly small ruminants such as goats and sheep. Anthelmintic medication is also used in mass deworming campaigns of school-aged children in many developing countries. Anthelmintics are also used for mass deworming of livestock. The drugs of choice for soil-transmitted helminths are mebendazole and albendazole; for schistosomiasis and tapeworms it is praziquantel. Types Many early treatments were herbal, such as the oil of herbs of the genus '' Chenopodium'' that were given as anthelmintic treatment for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quantile
In statistics and probability, quantiles are cut points dividing the range of a probability distribution into continuous intervals with equal probabilities or dividing the observations in a sample in the same way. There is one fewer quantile than the number of groups created. Common quantiles have special names, such as '' quartiles'' (four groups), '' deciles'' (ten groups), and '' percentiles'' (100 groups). The groups created are termed halves, thirds, quarters, etc., though sometimes the terms for the quantile are used for the groups created, rather than for the cut points. -quantiles are values that partition a finite set of values into subsets of (nearly) equal sizes. There are partitions of the -quantiles, one for each integer satisfying . In some cases the value of a quantile may not be uniquely determined, as can be the case for the median (2-quantile) of a uniform probability distribution on a set of even size. Quantiles can also be applied to continuous di ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Student's T-distribution
In probability theory and statistics, Student's distribution (or simply the distribution) t_\nu is a continuous probability distribution that generalizes the Normal distribution#Standard normal distribution, standard normal distribution. Like the latter, it is symmetric around zero and bell-shaped. However, t_\nu has Heavy-tailed distribution, heavier tails, and the amount of probability mass in the tails is controlled by the parameter \nu. For \nu = 1 the Student's distribution t_\nu becomes the standard Cauchy distribution, which has very fat-tailed distribution, "fat" tails; whereas for \nu \to \infty it becomes the standard normal distribution \mathcal(0, 1), which has very "thin" tails. The name "Student" is a pseudonym used by William Sealy Gosset in his scientific paper publications during his work at the Guinness Brewery in Dublin, Ireland. The Student's distribution plays a role in a number of widely used statistical analyses, including Student's t- ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Livestock
Livestock are the Domestication, domesticated animals that are raised in an Agriculture, agricultural setting to provide labour and produce diversified products for consumption such as meat, Egg as food, eggs, milk, fur, leather, and wool. The term is sometimes used to refer solely to animals which are raised for consumption, and sometimes used to refer solely to farmed ruminants, such as cattle, sheep, and goats. The breeding, maintenance, slaughter and general subjugation of livestock called ''animal husbandry'', is a part of modern agriculture and has been practiced in many cultures since humanity's transition to farming from hunter-gatherer lifestyles. Animal husbandry practices have varied widely across cultures and periods. It continues to play a major economic and cultural role in numerous communities. Livestock farming practices have largely shifted to intensive animal farming. Intensive animal farming increases the yield of the various commercial outputs, but also nega ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling
Bayesian hierarchical modelling is a statistical model written in multiple levels (hierarchical form) that estimates the parametric model, parameters of the Posterior probability, posterior distribution using the Bayesian inference, Bayesian method.Allenby, Rossi, McCulloch (January 2005)"Hierarchical Bayes Model: A Practitioner’s Guide" pp. 1–4. Retrieved 26 April 2014, p. 3 The sub-models combine to form the hierarchical model, and Bayes' theorem is used to integrate them with the observed data and account for all the uncertainty that is present. The result of this integration is it allows calculation of the posterior distribution of the prior distribution, prior, providing an updated probability estimate. Frequentist statistics ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
