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Fadlallah Bin Rabih
Fadlallah bin Rabih ruled parts of the Kanem–Bornu Empire in 1900–1901, succeeding his father Rabih az-Zubayr. Fadlallah came to power in the aftermath of his father's defeat and death at the battle of Kousséri and immediately faced an invasion by France, supported by local loyalists of the al-Kanemi dynasty (which had been deposed by Fadlallah's father). Fadlallah secured some British support as ruler of Bornu and enjoyed some success in fighting French forces and their allies but was himself defeated and killed in battle in 1901. Background and early life Fadlallah was the son of the Sudanese warlord, slave raider, and adventurer Rabih az-Zubayr. In 1892–1894, Rabih conquered the Kanem–Bornu Empire and displaced its ruling al-Kanemi dynasty. Rabih spent some time in the empire's former capital, Kukawa, before transferring the capital to Dikwa, on account of its better communications and water supply. Rabih's rule was exceptionally brutal, marked by cruel punishments, h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kanem–Bornu Empire
The Kanem–Bornu Empire was an empire based around Lake Chad that once ruled areas which are now part of Nigeria, Niger, Cameroon, Libya, Algeria, Sudan, and Chad. The empire was sustained by the prosperous trans-Saharan trade and was one of the oldest and longest-lived List of kingdoms and empires in African history, empires in African history. The foundation and early history of the Kanem–Bornu Empire is poorly known. The state is typically dated to have been founded around the year 700, though it may have been established centuries earlier or later. The ruling Duguwa dynasty ruled from their capital Njimi in the Kanem (region), Kanem region and used the ruling title ''List of mais of Kanem–Bornu, mai''. By the 11th century, the Duguwa had been replaced by the Sayfawa dynasty and the empire had converted to Islam. Economic factors and conflict with the Bilala people caused the empire to lose Kanem in the 14th century. ''Mai'' Omar I of Kanem, Omar I re-centered the empire i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zubeiru Bi Adama
Zubeiru bin Adama (; 1836 – 1903) was the fourth Adamawa Emirate, Lamido of Adamawa, ruling from 1890 until he was forced into exile by British Empire, British colonial forces in 1901. The Adamawa Emirate, founded by his father, Modibo Adama, was under threat from the German Empire, Germans, French colonial empire, French, and British by the time of his accession. He was best remembered for his 'hopeless, though spirited, rearguard action' against European encroachment on the emirate. Early life Zubeiru was born in 1836 to Modibo Adama, Modibbo Adama, the founder of the Adamawa Emirate, and Yara, a Marghi people, Marghi woman. Yara is sometimes identified as a concubine, but according to historian Martin Zachary Njeuma, Martin Njeuma, this is false as Adama did not keep concubines. Reign Accession Before his death, Umaru Sanda, the Adamawa Emirate, Lamido of Adamawa and a half-brother to Zubeiru, devised a plan with his councillors to have his favorite son, Iya, succeed hi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Muhammad Al-Mahdi As-Senussi
Muhammad Al Mahdi bin Sayyid Muhammad es Senussi (), also Sayyid Muhammad ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad al-Mahdi Ali al-Sanusi, (1844–1902), was the supreme leader of the Sufi Senussi Order between 1859 and his death in 1902 in Libya.Vikør (1995), p. 152. Early years Muhammad Al-Mahdi was the son of the founder of the Senussi Order, Muhammad ibn Ali as-Senussi. He was born in the town of Bayda in northern Cyrenaica, present day northeastern Libya,Vikør (1995), p. 51. He succeeded his father after his death as leader in 1859. Ottoman interference had forced the Senussi to leave coastal Bayda for the desert village of Jaghbub in 1856, where they built an Islamic university, mosque and palace. The later Senussi and Libyan leader King Idris was born here.Bertarelli (1929), p. 419. Kufra In 1895 following interference by the Ottomans Al-Mahdi moved again, much further south to the Kufra oasis in the Libyan Desert subregion of the Sahara. Nonetheless, the Ottoman Sultan Abdulhami ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mubi (region)
Mubi may refer to: * Mubi (streaming service), a film streaming platform * Mubi (town), a town in Nigeria ** Mubi North, a local government area ** Mubi South, a local government area * Mubi language, a language of Chad ** Mubi languages, a group of languages See also * * MUBY * MUBE {{Disambiguation, geo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Chad
Chad was a part of the French colonial empire from 1900 to 1960. Colonialism, Colonial rule under the French began in 1900 when the Military Territory of Chad was established. From 1905, Chad was linked to the federation of French colonial possessions in Middle Africa, known from 1910 under the name of French Equatorial Africa. Chad passed in 1920 to French civilian administration, but suffered from chronic neglect. Chad distinguished itself in 1940 for being, under the governorship of Félix Éboué, the first French colony to rally by the side of Free France. After World War II, the French permitted a limited amount of representation of the African population, ushering the way to the clash in the political arena between the progressive and southern-based Chadian Progressive Party (PPT) and the Islamic conservative Chadian Democratic Union (UDT). It was eventually the PPT which emerged victorious and brought the country to independence in 1960 under the leadership of François ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
N'Djamena
N'Djamena ( ) is the capital city, capital and List of cities in Chad, largest city of Chad. It is also a Provinces of Chad, special statute region, divided into 10 districts or ''arrondissements'', similar to the city of Paris. Originally called Fort-Lamy, it was founded in 1900 by the French during their colonization of Central Africa. The city was renamed N'Djamena in 1973, reflecting its local Chadian heritage. Throughout its history, N'Djamena has grown from a small trading hub into the Politics of Chad, political and Economy of Chad, economic center of Chad, playing a vital role in the country's development. Its strategic location near the borders of Cameroon and Nigeria has historically made it an important Crossroads (junction), crossroads for trade and cultural exchange in the region. N'Djamena is situated on the Chari River in the southwestern part of Chad, near Lake Chad. The city lies within a semi-arid region characterized by a Heat wave, hot climate with a distinct ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chari River
The Chari River, or Shari River, is a long river, flowing in Central Africa. It is the main source of water of Lake Chad, which is located at the junction of four countries: Nigeria, Niger, Chad, and Cameroon. Geography The Chari River flows from the Central African Republic through Chad into Lake Chad, following the Cameroon border from N'Djamena, where it is joined by its western and principal tributary, the Logone River. It provides 90 percent of the water flowing into Lake Chad. The drainage basin, watershed of the river covers . The principal tributary is the Logone River, while minor tributaries include the Bahr Salamat, Ouham River, Bahr Sah, Bahr Aouk River, Bahr Aouk and Bahr Kéita. Much of Chad's population, including Sarh and the capital N'Djamena, is concentrated around it. As of 2016, Chad remains one of four countries where Guinea worm disease remains endemic. The majority of remaining cases are concentrated around the Chari River. The river supports an i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kousséri
Kousséri (from ''quṣūr'' meaning "palaces"), founded and known as Mser in the indigenous Mser language, is a city in Far North Province, Cameroon. It is the capital of the Logone-et-Chari department. It is a market town, and its population has recently been swollen by refugees from Chad. It had a population of 89,123 at the 2005 Census. The majority of the population are Shuwa Arabs with Chadian Arabic used as the lingua franca. It forms a transborder agglomeration with the city of N'Djamena, capital of Chad, from which it is separated by the Logone River and the Chari River. History Kousséri was part of the Bornu Empire. In March 1846, Omar (son of Sheik Mohammed), nominal general of the Bornu sultan Ibrahim, suffered a defeat at Kousséri.Helmolt, Hans F. (ed.) (1903) ''The history of the world; a survey of a man's record, Volume III: West Asia and Africa'' Dodd, Meade and Co., New Yorkp. 536 In 1900 the village was occupied by soldiers of Rabij az-Zubayr (Rabih), ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hotchkiss Gun
The Hotchkiss gun can refer to different types of the Hotchkiss arms company starting in the late 19th century. It usually refers to the 1.65-inch (42 mm) light mountain gun. There were also navy (47 mm) and 3-inch (76 mm) Hotchkiss guns. The 42 mm gun was intended to be mounted on a light carriage or packed on two mules to accompany a troop of cavalry or an army travelling in rough country. Descriptions 1.65-inch gun The gun and accessories could be packed on two mules. The gun was introduced as a modern replacement for the aging twelve-pounder mountain howitzer. The first gun purchased by the U.S. military from the French arms firm of Hotchkiss was employed against the Nez Percé in 1877. Over the next twenty years the U.S. purchased 56. They were used at the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890, and again in Cuba at the Battle of Las Guasimas, the Battle of El Caney and the attack on San Juan Hill during the Spanish–American War of 1898. Hotchkis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
René Reibell
René (''Born again (Christianity), born again'' or ''reborn'' in French language, French) is a common given name, first name in French-speaking, Spanish-speaking, and German-speaking countries. It derives from the Latin name Renatus. René is the masculine form of the name (Renée being the feminine form). In some non-Francophone countries, however, there exists the habit of giving the name René (sometimes spelled without an accent) to girls as well as boys. In addition, both forms are used as surnames (family names). René as a first name given to boys in the United States reached its peaks in popularity in 1969 and 1983 when it ranked 256th. Since 1983 its popularity has steadily declined and it ranked 881st in 2016. René as a first name given to girls in the United States reached its peak in popularity in 1962 when it ranked 306th. The last year for which René was ranked in the top 1000 names given to girls in the United States was 1988. Persons with the given name * Ren ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Umar Adjara
Umar ibn al-Khattab (; ), also spelled Omar, was the second Rashidun caliph, ruling from August 634 until his assassination in 644. He succeeded Abu Bakr () and is regarded as a senior Companions of the Prophet, companion and father-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. Initially, Umar opposed Muhammad, who was his distant Qurayshite kinsman. However, after converting to Islam in 616, he became the first Muslims, Muslim to openly pray at the Kaaba. He participated in nearly all of Muhammad’s List of expeditions of Muhammad, battles and expeditions, and Muhammad conferred upon him the title ''al-Fārūq'' ("the Distinguisher") for his sound judgement. After Muhammad’s death in June 632, Umar pledged allegiance to Abu Bakr as the first caliph and served as his chief adviser. In 634, shortly before his death, Abu Bakr nominated Umar as his successor. During Umar’s reign, the caliphate expanded at an unprecedented rate, conquering the Sasanian Empire and more than two-t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
