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Facetiae
The ''Facetiae'' is an anthology of jokes by Poggio Bracciolini (1380–1459), first published in 1470. It was the first printed joke book. The collection, "the most famous jokebook of the Renaissance", is notable for its inclusion of scatological jokes and tales, six of the tales involving flatulation humor and six involving defecation. Printing history Early editions of the ''Facetiae'' are rare, and they are not yet described in an organized fashion as is common for ''incunabula''. It was, evidently, very popular: an 1894 bibliography lists twenty editions from the fifteenth century, and states that the oldest is printed by Georgius Lauer in Rome and is known as Hain 13179 (a quarto with 110 leaves). The second oldest is called Reichling 1919 (100 leaves). The 100-leaf edition, despite having been described elsewhere as the first printing, is now generally held to be later than the 110-leaf edition, which is traditionally thought to be the editio princeps; both were printed i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Poggio Bracciolini
Gian Francesco Poggio Bracciolini (11 February 1380 – 30 October 1459), usually referred to simply as Poggio Bracciolini, was an Italian scholar and an early Renaissance humanist. He was responsible for rediscovering and recovering many classical Latin manuscripts, mostly decaying and forgotten in German, Swiss, and French monastic libraries. His most celebrated finds are '' De rerum natura'', the only surviving work by Lucretius, '' De architectura'' by Vitruvius, lost orations by Cicero such as '' Pro Sexto Roscio'', Quintilian's ''Institutio Oratoria'', Statius' '' Silvae'', and Silius Italicus's '' Punica'', as well as works by several minor authors such as Frontinus' '' De aquaeductu'', Ammianus Marcellinus’ ''Res Gestae'' (''Rerum gestarum Libri XXXI''), Nonius Marcellus, Probus, Flavius Caper, and Eutyches. Birth and education Poggio di Guccio (the surname Bracciolini added during his career) was born near Arezzo in Tuscany, in the village of Terranuova, which ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Georgius Lauer
Georgius Lauer was a German printer who worked in Rome in the late fifteenth century, responsible for important publications by classical authors and renaissance humanists, including editiones principes by Festus, Nonius, Varro, Poggio Bracciolini, and others, as well as patristic writers such as John Chrysostom. Publications * Curtius, ''Historiae Alexandri Magni'' (c. 1470) * Festus, ''De verborum significatu'' (''editio princeps'', 1470/1471) * Lucian (1470) * Nonius, ''De compendiosa doctrina'' (''editio princeps'', 1470) * Poggio, ''Facetiae'' (1470/1471) * Varro, ''De lingua latina'' (''editio princeps'', 1471/1472) * Johannes Chrysostomus, ''Homiliae super Johannem'' (F. Griffolini trans.) (1470) * Johannes Chrysostomus John Chrysostom (; gr, Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; 14 September 407) was an important Early Church Father who served as archbishop of Constantinople. He is known for his preaching and public speaking, his denunciation of a ..., ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Flatulence Humor
Flatulence humor, or Rude humour (more commonly known as fart humor) refers to any type of joke, practical joke device, or other off-color humor related to flatulence. History Although it is likely that flatulence humor has long been considered funny in cultures that consider the public passing of gas impolite, such jokes are rarely recorded. It's been suggested that one of the oldest recorded jokes was a flatulence joke from the Sumerians that has been dated to 1,900 BC. Two important early texts are the 5th century BC plays ''The Knights'' and ''The Clouds'', both by Aristophanes, which contain numerous fart jokes. Another example from classical times appeared in '' Apocolocyntosis'' or ''The Pumpkinification of Claudius'', a satire attributed to Seneca on the late Roman emperor: He later explains he got to the afterlife with a quote from Homer: Archeologist Warwick Ball asserts that the Roman Emperor Elagabalus played practical jokes on his guests, employing a wh ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Christophorus Valdarfer
Christophorus Valdarfer was an early printer, active in Venice and Milan Milan ( , , Lombard language, Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the List of cities in Italy, second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 ... in the second half of the fifteenth century. References 15th-century printers Italian printers {{printmaker-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andreas Belfortis
Andreas Belfortis was an early printer, active in Ferrara Ferrara (, ; egl, Fràra ) is a city and ''comune'' in Emilia-Romagna, northern Italy, capital of the Province of Ferrara. it had 132,009 inhabitants. It is situated northeast of Bologna, on the Po di Volano, a branch channel of the main stream ... in the second half of the fifteenth century. References Italian printers {{italy-business-bio-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Joke Books
A joke is a display of humour in which words are used within a specific and well-defined narrative structure to make people laugh and is usually not meant to be interpreted literally. It usually takes the form of a story, often with dialogue, and ends in a punch line, whereby the humorous element of the story is revealed; this can be done using a pun or other type of word play, irony or sarcasm, logical incompatibility, hyperbole, or other means. Linguist Robert Hetzron offers the definition: It is generally held that jokes benefit from brevity, containing no more detail than is needed to set the scene for the punchline at the end. In the case of riddle jokes or one-liners, the setting is implicitly understood, leaving only the dialogue and punchline to be verbalised. However, subverting these and other common guidelines can also be a source of humour—the shaggy dog story is an example of an anti-joke; although presented as a joke, it contains a long drawn-out narrative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Incunable
In the history of printing, an incunable or incunabulum (plural incunables or incunabula, respectively), is a book, pamphlet, or broadside that was printed in the earliest stages of printing in Europe, up to the year 1500. Incunabula were produced before the printing press became widespread on the continent and are distinct from manuscripts, which are documents written by hand. Some authorities include block books from the same time period as incunabula, whereas others limit the term to works printed using movable type. there are about 30,000 distinct incunable editions known. The probable number of surviving individual copies is much higher, estimated at around 125,000 in Germany alone. Through statistical analysis, it is estimated that the number of lost editions is at least 20,000. Around 550,000 copies of around 27,500 different works have been preserved worldwide. Terminology Incunable is the anglicised form of ''incunabulum'', reconstructed singular of Latin ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Hain
Ludwig may refer to: People and fictional characters * Ludwig (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters * Ludwig (surname), including a list of people * Ludwig Ahgren, or simply Ludwig, American YouTube live streamer and content creator Arts and entertainment * ''Ludwig'' (cartoon), a 1977 animated children's series * ''Ludwig'' (film), a 1973 film by Luchino Visconti about Ludwig II of Bavaria * '' Ludwig: Requiem for a Virgin King'', a 1972 film by Hans-Jürgen Syberberg about Ludwig II of Bavaria * "Ludwig", a 1967 song by Al Hirt Other uses * Ludwig (crater), a small lunar impact crater just beyond the eastern limb of the Moon * Ludwig, Missouri, an unincorporated community in the United States * Ludwig Canal, an abandoned canal in southern Germany * Ludwig Drums, an American manufacturer of musical instruments * ''Ludwig'' (ship), a steamer that sank in 1861 after a collision with the '' Stadt Zürich'' See also * Ludewig * Ludvig * Ludwik * Ludwic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Quarto
Quarto (abbreviated Qto, 4to or 4º) is the format of a book or pamphlet produced from full sheets printed with eight pages of text, four to a side, then folded twice to produce four leaves. The leaves are then trimmed along the folds to produce eight book pages. Each printed page presents as one-fourth size of the full sheet. The earliest known European printed book is a quarto, the '' Sibyllenbuch'', believed to have been printed by Johannes Gutenberg in 1452–53, before the Gutenberg Bible, surviving only as a fragment. Quarto is also used as a general description of size of books that are about 12 inches (30 cm) tall, and as such does not necessarily indicate the actual printing format of the books, which may even be unknown as is the case for many modern books. These terms are discussed in greater detail in book sizes. Quarto as format A quarto (from Latin , ablative form of , fourth) is a book or pamphlet made up of one or more full sheets of paper on which 8 pages o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Editio Princeps
In classical scholarship, the ''editio princeps'' ( plural: ''editiones principes'') of a work is the first printed edition of the work, that previously had existed only in manuscripts, which could be circulated only after being copied by hand. For example, the ''editio princeps'' of Homer is that of Demetrius Chalcondyles, now thought to be from 1488. The most important texts of classical Greek and Roman authors were for the most part produced in ''editiones principes'' in the years from 1465 to 1525, following the invention of the printing press around 1440.Briggs, Asa & Burke, Peter (2002) ''A Social History of the Media: from Gutenberg to the Internet'', Cambridge: Polity, pp. 15–23, 61–73. In some cases there were possibilities of partial publication, of publication first in translation (for example from Greek to Latin), and of a usage that simply equates with first edition. For a work with several strands of manuscript tradition that have diverged, such as ''Piers Pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lotte Hellinga
Lotte Hellinga, FBA (née Querido, born 1932) is a book historian and expert in early printing. She is an authority on the work of William Caxton. Early life Lotte Hellinga was born in 1932. She studied at the University of Amsterdam under Wytze Hellinga who became her husband in 1973. Career Hellinga was a senior lecturer at the University of Amsterdam from 1967 to 1976, and General Secretary of the Consortium of European research libraries from 1992 to 2002. Formerly she was deputy keeper of the British Library. In 1989 she was awarded the Gutenberg Prize of the International Gutenberg Society and the City of Mainz. Hellinga was elected a corresponding member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences in 1986. In 1990, she was elected a fellow of the British Academy, and from 1991 to 1994, was a member of its Council. She is an expert in the work of the fifteenth-century printer William Caxton. Selected publications * ''The Fifteenth-Century Printing Types of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Modern Humanities Research Association
The Modern Humanities Research Association (MHRA) is a United Kingdom–based international organisation that aims to encourage and promote advanced study and research of humanities. It is most notable for producing the '' MHRA Style Guide''. History The MHRA was founded in 1918 in Christ's College, Cambridge. After an early change of name to MHRA in 1918, the unincorporated charity became an incorporated company with the same name on 2 October 1997. Its declared aim is to encourage and promote advanced study and research in the field of the modern humanities, which include the modern and medieval European languages, literatures and cultures. The current president is Dame Gillian Beer of Cambridge. Publications As well as the ''MHRA Style Guide'', the MHRA publishes seven scholarly journals: * '' Annual Bibliography of English Language and Literature'' * '' Modern Language Review'' * ''Austrian Studies'' * ''Portuguese Studies'' * '' The Slavonic and East European Review'' * ' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
