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Fabrica De Avioane Astra
The Astra Aircraft Factory () in Arad was the second Romanian factory to build aircraft. Its activity took place between 1923 and 1925, producing four models of aircraft: ''Astra-Șeșefschi'', Proto 1, Proto 2 and Astra-Proto. History From 1915, the ''Marta'' factory had been producing Austro-Daimler aircraft engines. After the war, the factory was merged with the '' Weitzer wagon'' factory, becoming '' Uzina de Vagoane Astra Arad'' (the Astra-Arad Wagon Factory). In 1923, ''Comandor'' Andrei Popovici, former commander of ''Grupul 2 Aeronautic'' (2nd Aeronautical Group) became the director of the factory, around the same time the construction of an aircraft prototype began. Conceived and designed by engineer Stanislav Șeșefschi, the aircraft was called ''Astra-Șeșefschi''. Next came the production of Proto 1 and Proto 2 airplanes. In 1925, Astra built the prototype ''Astra-Proto'', after the design by Major Ștefan Protopopescu. This machine did not reach serial producti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto 1
Proto 1 was a training biplane designed by Major :ro:Ștefan Protopopescu, Ștefan Protopopescu in collaboration with Dumitru Baziliu and Gheorghe Ticău at Arsenalul Aeronautic in Bucharest in 1922. It was the first Romanian airplane to be built in a specialized enterprise. The first experimental flights were carried out by its designer, Ștefan Protopopescu, who held the Romanian pilot licence No.1. Production The Ministry of War ordered 25 aircraft on 10 January 1923 of this type from the ''Fabrica de avioane Astra''. The Astra Factory changed the wings on its own initiative, which reduced the strength of the wings, and during an early test flight, one of the wings broke and the aircraft crashed into the Mureș river, killing the test pilot. After the accident, production of Proto 1 aircraft was halted and improvements were made to the design, after which Astra manufactured a new variant as the Proto 2 (aircraft), Proto 2. Specifications References {{Reflist Single ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reconnaissance Aircraft
A reconnaissance aircraft (colloquially, a spy plane) is a military aircraft designed or adapted to perform aerial reconnaissance with roles including collection of imagery intelligence (including using Aerial photography, photography), signals intelligence, as well as measurement and signature intelligence. Modern technology has also enabled some aircraft and Unmanned aerial vehicle, UAVs to carry out real-time surveillance in addition to general Military intelligence, intelligence gathering. Before the development of devices such as radar, military forces relied on reconnaissance aircraft for visual Artillery observer, observation and Reconnaissance, scouting of enemy movement. An example is the Consolidated PBY Catalina, PBY Catalina Maritime patrol aircraft, maritime patrol flying boat used by the Allies of World War II, Allies in World War II: a Formation flying, flight of United States Navy, U.S. Navy Catalinas spotted part of the Japanese fleet approaching Midway Island ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aircraft Manufacturers Of Romania
An aircraft ( aircraft) is a vehicle that is able to fly by gaining support from the air. It counters the force of gravity by using either static lift or the dynamic lift of an airfoil, or, in a few cases, direct downward thrust from its engines. Common examples of aircraft include airplanes, rotorcraft (including helicopters), airships (including blimps), gliders, paramotors, and hot air balloons. Part 1 (Definitions and Abbreviations) of Subchapter A of Chapter I of Title 14 of the U. S. Code of Federal Regulations states that aircraft "means a device that is used or intended to be used for flight in the air." The human activity that surrounds aircraft is called ''aviation''. The science of aviation, including designing and building aircraft, is called ''aeronautics.'' Crewed aircraft are flown by an onboard pilot, whereas unmanned aerial vehicles may be remotely controlled or self-controlled by onboard computers. Aircraft may be classified by different criteria, such as ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aerospace Companies Of Romania
Aerospace is a term used to collectively refer to the atmosphere and outer space. Aerospace activity is very diverse, with a multitude of commercial, industrial, and military applications. Aerospace engineering consists of aeronautics and astronautics. Aerospace organizations research, design, manufacture, operate, maintain, and repair both aircraft and spacecraft. The border between space and the atmosphere has been proposed as above the ground according to the physical explanation that the air density is too low for a lifting body to generate meaningful lift force without exceeding orbital velocity. This border has been called the Kármán line. Overview In most industrial countries, the aerospace industry is a co-operation of the public and private sectors. For example, several states have a civilian space program funded by the government, such as National Aeronautics and Space Administration in the United States, European Space Agency in Europe, the Canadian Space Agenc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Aviation In Romania
Romania has a rich tradition in aviation. At the beginning of the 20th century, pioneers such as Henri Coandă, Aurel Vlaicu, Traian Vuia and George Valentin Bibescu made important contributions to early aviation history, building revolutionary airplanes and contributing to the international scene. In the present, the Romanian Civil Aeronautical Authority oversees all aviation activities. History Pioneers George Valentin Bibescu was a Romanian aristocrat who became an early aviation pioneer and international figure. He flew a balloon named "Romania" brought from France in 1905. Later, he tried to teach himself how to fly a Voisin Canard, Voisin airplane, also brought from France, but without success. After Louis Blériot's demonstrative flights in Bucharest on October 18, 1909, Bibescu went to Paris and enrolled in Blériot's flying school where, in 1910, he obtained International Pilot License number 20. After returning from France, Bibescu organized the Cotroceni Piloting Scho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brașov
Brașov (, , ; , also ''Brasau''; ; ; Transylvanian Saxon dialect, Transylvanian Saxon: ''Kruhnen'') is a city in Transylvania, Romania and the county seat (i.e. administrative centre) of Brașov County. According to the 2021 Romanian census, 2021 census, with 237,589 inhabitants, Brașov is the Cities in Romania, 6th most populous city in Romania. The Brașov metropolitan area, metropolitan area was home to 371,802 residents. Brașov is located in the central part of the country, about north of Bucharest and from the Black Sea. It is surrounded by the Southern Carpathians and is part of the historical region of Transylvania. Historically, the city was the centre of the Burzenland (), once dominated by the Transylvanian Saxons (), and a significant commercial hub on the trade roads between Austria (then Archduchy of Austria, within the Habsburg monarchy, and subsequently Austrian Empire) and Turkey (then Ottoman Empire). It is also where the Deșteaptă-te, române!, nationa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hispano-Suiza 8
The Hispano-Suiza 8 is a Internal combustion engine cooling, water-cooled V8 engine, V8 SOHC aero engine introduced by Hispano-Suiza in 1914 that went on to become the most commonly used liquid-cooled engine in the aircraft of the Entente Powers during the First World War. The original Hispano-Suiza 8A was rated at and the later, larger displacement Hispano-Suiza 8F reached . Hispano-Suiza 8 engines and variants produced by Hispano-Suiza and other companies under licence were built in twenty-one factories in Spain, France, Britain, Italy, and the U.S. Derivatives of the engine were also used abroad to power numerous aircraft types and the engine can be considered as the ancestor of another successful engine by the same designer, the Hispano-Suiza 12Y (and Soviet Klimov V12 derivative aero-engines) which was in service during the Second World War. Design and development Origins At the beginning of World War I, the production lines of the Barcelona based Hispano-Suiza automobil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bracing (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, bracing comprises additional structural members which stiffen the functional airframe to give it rigidity and strength under load. Bracing may be applied both internally and externally, and may take the form of struts, which act in compression or tension as the need arises, and/or wires, which act only in tension. In general, bracing allows a stronger, lighter structure than one which is unbraced, but external bracing in particular adds drag which slows down the aircraft and raises considerably more design issues than internal bracing. Another disadvantage of bracing wires is that they require routine checking and adjustment, or rigging, even when located internally. During the early years of aviation, bracing was a universal feature of all forms of aeroplanes, including the monoplanes and biplanes, which were then equally common. Today, bracing in the form of lift struts is still used for some light commercial designs where a high wing and light weight are more ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spar (aeronautics)
In a fixed-wing aircraft, the spar is often the main structural member of the wing, running spanwise at right angles (or thereabouts depending on wing sweep) to the fuselage. The spar carries flight loads and the weight of the wings while on the ground. Other structural and forming members such as ribs may be attached to the spar or spars, with stressed skin construction also sharing the loads where it is used. There may be more than one spar in a wing or none at all. Where a single spar carries most of the force, it is known as the main spar. Spars are also used in other aircraft aerofoil surfaces such as the tailplane and fin and serve a similar function, although the loads transmitted may be different from those of a wing spar. Spar loads The wing spar provides the majority of the weight support and dynamic load integrity of cantilever monoplanes, often coupled with the strength of the wing 'D' box itself. Together, these two structural components collectively provide the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Proto 2 Planes
Proto or PROTO may refer to: Language * Proto-, an English prefix meaning "first" Media * ''Proto'' (magazine), an American science magazine * Radio Proto in Cyprus Music * ''Proto'' (Holly Herndon album), 2019 * ''Proto'' (Leo O'Kelly album), 2002 * Proto (band), a progressive rock band from Memphis, Tennessee Organizations * Proto (tools), a tool company (formerly Plomb Tools), now a division of Stanley Black & Decker * Proto Motors, a South Korean sports car manufacturer and refitter * Proto Records, a British record company active in the 1980s; see Barry Evangeli * Proto (paintball), a paintball equipment manufacturing company People * Non-fictional ** Frank Proto, American composer and bassist ** Ludovic Proto (born 1965), French boxer ** Neil Thomas Proto (born 1945), American lawyer, teacher, lecturer, and author ** Silvio Proto, Belgian goalkeeper ** Proto (see Protus and Hyacinth), Christian martyr during the persecution of Valerian I * Fictional ** Pr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Arsenalul Aeronautic
Arsenalul Aeronautic ("Aeronautical Arsenal" in English) in Bucharest was the first factory with an aeronautical profile in Romania. Its activity took place between 1919 and 1939. ''Arsenalul Aeronautic'' manufactured three models of aircraft: Hansa-Brandenburg C.I, Proto 1 and Aeron and modified Airco DH.9, De Havilland aircraft for passenger and freight transport (aircraft intended for TAROM#The beginnings, domestic airlines). Also, at the Aeronautical Arsenal, research in the field of study and testing of materials was organized. History In November 1919, an aeronautical factory was created in Bucharest on the Militari, field of Cotroceni, as a result of the transfer of the material and the majority of the personnel of the ''Rezerva generală a aviației'' (General Aviation Reserve or RGA) from Iași. On 1 July 1920, the factory was renamed to the Aeronautical Arsenal. In the beginning, the activity was to repair different types of airplanes and aircraft engines from the endowm ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
