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Ext2
ext2, or second extended file system, is a file system for the Linux kernel (operating system), kernel. It was initially designed by French software developer Rémy Card as a replacement for the extended file system (ext). Having been designed according to the same principles as the Berkeley Fast File System from Berkeley Software Distribution, BSD, it was the first commercial-grade filesystem for Linux. The canonical implementation of ext2 is the "ext2fs" filesystem driver in the Linux kernel. Other implementations (of varying quality and completeness) exist in GNU Hurd, MINIX 3, some BSD kernels, in MiNT, Haiku (operating system), Haiku and as third-party Microsoft Windows and macOS (via Filesystem_in_Userspace, FUSE) drivers. This driver was deprecated in Linux version 6.9 in favor of the ext4 driver, as the ext4 driver works with ext2 filesystems. ext2 was the default filesystem in several Linux distributions, including Debian and Red Hat Linux, until supplanted by ext3, w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ext3
ext3, or third extended filesystem, is a journaling file system, journaled file system that is commonly used with the Linux kernel. It used to be the default file system for many popular Linux distributions but generally has been supplanted by its successor version ext4. The main advantage of ext3 over its predecessor, ext2, is journaling file system, journaling, which improves reliability and eliminates the need to check the file system after an unclean or improper Shutdown (computing), shutdown. History Stephen Tweedie first revealed that he was working on extending ext2 in ''Journaling the Linux ext2fs Filesystem'' in a 1998 paper, and later in a February 1999 kernel mailing list posting. The filesystem was merged with the mainline Linux kernel in November 2001 from 2.4.15 onward. Advantages The speed performance of ext3 is less attractive than competing Linux filesystems, such as ext4, JFS (file system), JFS, ReiserFS, and XFS, but ext3 has a significant advantage in tha ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Installable File System
The Installable File System (IFS) is a filesystem API in MS-DOS/ PC DOS 4.x, IBM OS/2 and Microsoft Windows that enables the operating system to recognize and load drivers for file systems. History When IBM and Microsoft were co-developing OS/2, they realized that the FAT file system did not offer some of the features modern OSes would require, and Microsoft began developing the High Performance File System (HPFS), codenamed ''Pinball''. Instead of coding it inside the kernel, as FAT was, Microsoft developed a "driver-based" filesystem API that could allow them and other developers to add new filesystems to the kernel without needing to modify it. When Microsoft stopped working on OS/2, IBM continued using the IFS interface and Microsoft implemented a similar one in Windows NT. Implementations IFS in DOS 4.x IFS in OS/2 The IFS provided a basic and powerful interface for programming filesystems. It was introduced in 1989 in OS/2 1.20, along with the HPFS filesystem. Fi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ReactOS
ReactOS is a Free and open-source software, free and open-source operating system for i586/amd64 personal computers that is intended to be binary-code compatibility, binary-compatible with computer programs and device drivers developed for Windows Server 2003 and later versions of Microsoft Windows. ReactOS has been noted as a potential open-source drop-in replacement for Windows and has been of interest for its information on undocumented feature, undocumented Windows APIs. ReactOS has been in development since 1996. , it is still considered to be feature-incomplete Software release life cycle#Alpha, alpha software. Therefore, it is recommended by the developers to be used only for evaluation and testing purposes. However, many Windows applications are working, such as Adobe Acrobat, Adobe Reader 9.3, GIMP 2.6, and LibreOffice 5.4.Tests for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rémy Card
Rémy Card is a French software developer Software development is the process of designing and Implementation, implementing a software solution to Computer user satisfaction, satisfy a User (computing), user. The process is more encompassing than Computer programming, programming, wri ... who is credited as one of the primary developers of the Extended file system (ext) and Second Extended file system (ext2) for Linux. References Bibliography * Card, Rémy. (1997) ''Programmation Linux 2.0''. Gestion 2000. . * Card, Rémy; Dumas, Éric; & Mével, Franck. (1998). ''The Linux Kernel Book''. John Wiley & Sons. . External links Design and Implementation of the Second Extended Filesystem- written by Rémy Card, Theodore Ts'o and Stephen Tweedie, published at the First Dutch International Symposium on Linux (December 1994) Rémy Card Interview- in French (April 1998) French computer programmers Free software programmers Linux kernel programmers Year of birth missin ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berkeley Software Distribution
The Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), also known as Berkeley Unix or BSD Unix, is a discontinued Unix operating system developed and distributed by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) at the University of California, Berkeley, beginning in 1978. It began as an improved derivative of AT&T's original Unix that was developed at Bell Labs, based on the source code but over time diverging into its own code. BSD would become a pioneer in the advancement of Unix and computing. BSD's development was begun initially by Bill Joy, who added virtual memory capability to Unix running on a VAX-11 computer. In the 1980s, BSD was widely adopted by workstation vendors in the form of proprietary Unix distributions such as DEC Ultrix and Sun Microsystems SunOS due to its permissive licensing and familiarity to many technology company founders and engineers. It also became the most popular Unix at universities, where it was used for the study of operating systems. BSD was sponsored ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kernel (operating System)
A kernel is a computer program at the core of a computer's operating system that always has complete control over everything in the system. The kernel is also responsible for preventing and mitigating conflicts between different processes. It is the portion of the operating system code that is always resident in memory and facilitates interactions between hardware and software components. A full kernel controls all hardware resources (e.g. I/O, memory, cryptography) via device drivers, arbitrates conflicts between processes concerning such resources, and optimizes the use of common resources, such as CPU, cache, file systems, and network sockets. On most systems, the kernel is one of the first programs loaded on startup (after the bootloader). It handles the rest of startup as well as memory, peripherals, and input/output (I/O) requests from software, translating them into data-processing instructions for the central processing unit. The critical code of the kernel is usua ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Berkeley Fast File System
The Unix file system (UFS) is a family of file systems supported by many Unix and Unix-like operating systems. It is a distant descendant of the original filesystem used by Version 7 Unix. Design A UFS volume is composed of the following parts: * A few blocks at the beginning of the partition reserved for boot blocks (which must be initialized separately from the filesystem) * A superblock, containing a magic number identifying this as a UFS filesystem, and some other vital numbers describing this filesystem's geometry and statistics and behavioral tuning parameters * A collection of cylinder groups. Each cylinder group has the following components: ** A backup copy of the superblock ** A cylinder group header, with statistics, free lists, etc., about this cylinder group, similar to those in the superblock ** A number of inodes, each containing file attributes ** A number of data blocks Inodes are numbered sequentially, starting at 0. Inode 0 is reserved for unallocate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
GNU Hurd
GNU Hurd is a collection of microkernel servers written as part of GNU, for the GNU Mach microkernel. It has been under development since 1990 by the GNU Project of the Free Software Foundation, designed as a replacement for the Unix kernel, and released as free software under the GNU General Public License. When the Linux kernel proved to be a viable solution, development of GNU Hurd slowed, at times alternating between stasis and renewed activity and interest. The Hurd's design consists of a set of protocols and server processes (or daemons, in Unix terminology) that run on the GNU Mach microkernel. The Hurd aims to surpass the Unix kernel in functionality, security, and stability, while remaining largely compatible with it. The GNU Project chose the multiserver microkernel for the operating system, due to perceived advantages over the traditional Unix monolithic kernel architecture, a view that had been advocated by some developers in the 1980s. Name and logo In December ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
RIOT (operating System)
RIOT is a small operating system for networked, memory-constrained systems with a focus on low-power wireless Internet of things (IoT) devices. It is open-source software, released under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL). Background It was initially developed by Free University of Berlin (FU Berlin), French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (INRIA) and the Hamburg University of Applied Sciences (HAW Hamburg). RIOT's kernel is mostly inherited from FireKernel, which was originally developed for sensor networks. In 2015, one of the co-developers, Matthias Wählisch was awarded the Young Scientist Award of the Forum for Excellent Young Scientists for the contributions of his team to the open source operating system RIOT. In 2016, the ED STIC Doctoral Prize 2017 of the University of Paris-Saclay was awarded to another co-founder, Oliver Hahm for his contribution to the project. Technical aspects RIOT is based on a microkernel architecture. In con ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
MiNT
Mint or The Mint may refer to: Plants * Lamiaceae, the mint family ** ''Mentha'', the genus of plants commonly known as "mint" Coins and collectibles * Mint (facility), a facility for manufacturing coins * Mint condition, a state of like-new quality Arts and entertainment Fictional entities * Mint, in the video game '' Threads of Fate'' * Mr. Mint, a character in the '' Candy Land'' board game series * Mint, a ''Ranma ½'' character * Mint Adnade, in the video game '' Tales of Phantasia'' * Mint Aizawa, in the anime and manga ''Tokyo Mew Mew'' * Mint Blancmanche, in the video game/anime series ''Galaxy Angel'' Film and television * ''Mint'' (film), a Japanese drama * ''The Mint'' (film), a 2015 American comedy * ''The Mint'' (Australia game show), 2007–2008 * ''The Mint'' (British game show), 2006–2007 Music * Mint (band), a Belgian music group * Mint Records, a record label * ''Mint'' (Alice Merton album), 2019 * ''Mint'', a 1983 album by Meiko Nakahar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
