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Exsiccata
Exsiccata (Latin, ''gen.'' -ae, ''plur.'' -ae) is a work with "published, uniform, numbered set[s] of preserved specimens distributed with printed labels". Typically, exsiccatae are numbered collections of dried herbarium Biological specimen, specimens or preserved biological sample (material), samples published in several duplicate sets with a common theme or title, such as ''Lichenes Helvetici exsiccati'' (see figure). Exsiccatae are regarded as scientific contributions of the editor(s) with characteristics from the library world (published booklets of scientific literature, with authors/ editing, editors, titles, often published in Serial (publishing), serial publications like journals and magazines and in Serial_(literature), serial formats with fascicles) and features from the herbarium world (uniform and numbered collections of duplicate herbarium specimens). Exsiccatae works represent a special method of scholarly communication. The text in the printed matters/published book ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
IndExs – Index Of Exsiccatae
IndExs – Index of Exsiccatae is an online biological database that plays a pivotal role in documenting more than 2,400 historical and ongoing series of exsiccatae and exsiccata-like works. Managed by the Botanische Staatssammlung München in München, IndExs serves as a comprehensive data repository for these series, acting as directory providing detailed titles with information on the more than 1,300 editors, bibliographic information, exsiccatal numbers, publication timespans, ranges, information on preceding and superseding series and publishers. Exsiccatae, organised series of biological specimens distributed among biological collections, are essential resources found in major herbaria worldwide. Open access to the general information on exsiccatae facilitates global scientific engagement and research.Triebel, D. & Scholz, P. 2001–2025 ''IndExs – Index of Exsiccatae''. – Botanische Staatssammlung München: http://indexs.botanischestaatssammlung.de. – München, Germa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart
Jakob Friedrich Ehrhart (4 November 1742, Holderbank, Aargau – 26 June 1795) was a German botanist, a pupil of Carl Linnaeus at Uppsala University, and later director of the Botanical Garden of Hannover, where he produced several major botanical works between 1780 and 1793. Ehrhart was the first Author (botany), author to use the rank of subspecies in botanical literature, and he published many subspecific names between 1780 and 1789. Ehrhart issued several exsiccata, exsiccatae, the first one ''Phytophylacium Ehrhartianum, continens plantas, quas in locis earum natalibus collegit et exsiccavit Fridericus Ehrhart'' (1780-1785).Triebel, D. & Scholz, P. 2001–2024 ''IndExs – Index of Exsiccatae''. Botanische Staatssammlung München: http://indexs.botanischestaatssammlung.de. – München, Germany. He was one of the first who prepared exsiccatae for selling them to colleagues, namely the series ''Arbores, frutices et suffrutices Linnaei quas in usum dendrophilorum collegit et exsic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Thomas Drummond (botanist)
Thomas Drummond (1793 — March 1835), was a Scottish botanical collector. Life Thomas Drummond was the younger brother of the botanist James Drummond. He was born in Scotland, and during the early part of his life was at Don's nursery, Forfar. He first became known to botanists by his three distributed exsiccatae series with sets of mosses, ''Musci Scotici'' 1 and 2 and ''Musci Americani''Triebel, D. & Scholz, P. 2001–2024 ''IndExs – Index of Exsiccatae''. – Botanische Staatssammlung München: http://indexs.botanischestaatssammlung.de. – München, Germany. and afterwards was attached as assistant-naturalist to Dr. Richardson in Sir John Franklin's second land expedition. He accordingly sailed from Liverpool on 16 February 1825 and reached New York on the 15th of the following month. The expedition moved westward by the Hudson River and lakes Ontario and Winnipeg to the Mackenzie River. Drummond quit the main party at Cumberland House to explore the Rocky Mountains ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst
Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst (22 March 1806 – 24 April 1881) was a German botanist and mycologist. Biography Rabenhorst was born in Treuenbrietzen. He studied in Berlin and Belzig from 1822 to 1830, worked as a pharmacist in Luckau until 1840, and received his doctorate in Jena in 1841. From 1840, he lived in Dresden, relocating to nearby Meissen in 1875, where he died aged 75. Renowned for his research of cryptogamic flora native to central Europe, his name is associated with ''Dr. L. Rabenhorst's Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Oesterreich und der Schweiz''. Rabenhorst edited the scientific journal '' Hedwigia'' from 1852 to 1878. He published more than 20 exsiccata works,Triebel, D. & Scholz, P. 2001–2025 ''IndExs – Index of Exsiccatae''. – Botanische Staatssammlung München: http://indexs.botanischestaatssammlung.de. – München, Germany. one of them with Alexander Braun (1805–1877) and Ernst Stizenberger (1827–1895) under the title ''Die Characeen Europa's i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel
Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel (3 February 1821 – 8 May 1876) was a German botanist who worked largely on fungi. He worked as an apothecary from 1836 to 1852, afterwards deriving income from a vineyard he owned in Oestrich im Rheingau.ADB:Fuckel, Leopold @ The species epithet in the binomen '' Botryotinia fuckeliana'', a plant pathogen and the causal agent of disease, was named by mycologist |
Felix Von Thümen
Felix Karl Albert Ernst Joachim Freiherr von Thümen (6 February 1839, Dresden – 13 October 1892 Teplitz-Schönau) was a German botanist and mycologist. Life Felix von Thümen graduated from the Gymnasium in Dresden and entered the Prussian army at the age of 19, but soon retired due to an injury incurred by a fall from his horse. After a short stint in agriculture he had to abandon the management of his family estates and devoted the rest of his life to botanical and mycological research. Influenced mainly by Ludwig Reichenbach he devoted most of his interest to the study of fungi. In 1876 he became a research assistant at the chemico-physiological research station in Klosterneuburg, a position he occupied for the rest of his life. The position afforded him considerable freedom in choosing his domicile, so that he lived for various periods in Vienna, Berlin and Gorizia. He suffered from a severe heart disease, for which he repeatedly visited the spas of Teplitz-Schönau, where ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ernst Stizenberger
Ernst Stizenberger (14 June 1827, in Konstanz – 27 September 1895) was a German physician and lichenologist. He studied medicine at the University of Freiburg, afterwards furthering his medical training in Prague and Vienna. In 1851 he returned to Konstanz, where he worked as a general practitioner until his death in 1895. Throughout his career he had a passion for botany, especially lichenology. His principal works include a book on lichens native to Africa, ''Lichenaea Africana'' (1890–91), and studies of a lichenized genus of fungi known as ''Sticta''. With Alexander Braun (1805–1877) and Gottlob Ludwig Rabenhorst (1806–1881), he was editor of the exsiccata series ''Die Characeen Europa's in getrockneten Exemplaren, unter Mitwirkung mehrerer Freunde der Botanik, gesammelt und herausgegeben von Prof. A. Braun, L. Rabenhorst und E. Stizenberger'' and ''Kryptogamen Badens, unter Mitwirkung mehrerer Botaniker, gesammelt und herausgegeben von Jos. Bernh. Jack, Ludwig Leiner ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ludwig Schaerer
Ludwig Emanuel Schaerer (11 June 1785 – 3 February 1853) was a Swiss pastor and lichenologist. Interested in natural history from a young age, Schaerer trained as a teacher and studied theology in Bern. During his career as a teacher, orphanage director, and pastor, he researched extensively and maintained correspondence with foreign botanists interested in cryptogams. Schaerer was best known for his multi-volume work ''Lichenum Helveticorum Spicilegium'' ("Anthology of Swiss Lichens"), published in 12 parts from 1823 to 1842. This series catalogued and described the lichens of Switzerland, particularly those in the Alps, where he often went on collecting excursions. In another series, he compiled and distributed dried herbarium specimens acquired from his collections. Several lichen taxa have been named in honour of Schaerer. Early life and education Ludwig Schaerer was born on June 11, 1785, in Bern. His father, Johann Rudolf, was a professor of biblical studies and Hebr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Braun
Alexander Carl Heinrich Braun (10 May 1805 – 29 March 1877) was a German botanist from Regensburg, Bavaria. His research centered on the morphology of plants and was a very influential teacher who worked as a professor of botany at the universities of Freiburg, Giessen, and Berlin at various times. He was also the director of the Berlin Botanical Garden. Biography Braun was born in Regensburg (Ratisbon) where his father Alexander was a tax inspector in the postal department. His mother Henriette was the daughter of a priest and mathematics professor. He studied at Karlsruhe and Freiburg (Breisgau) where his father was transferred. He went to the University of Heidelberg to study medicine. His teachers included Gottlieb Wilhelm Bischoff, Johann Heinrich Dierbach and Franz Joseph Schelver. At Heidelberg he studied with Louis Agassiz, Carl Schimper and George Engelmann. Agassiz would marry Braun's sister Cecilie while Schimper was engaged briefly to Braun's sister Emilie. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Herbarium
A herbarium (plural: herbaria) is a collection of preserved plant biological specimen, specimens and associated data used for scientific study. The specimens may be whole plants or plant parts; these will usually be in dried form mounted on a sheet of paper (called ''exsiccatum'', plur. ''exsiccata'') but, depending upon the material, may also be stored in boxes or kept in alcohol or other preservative. The specimens in a herbarium are often used as reference material in describing plant taxon, taxa. Some specimens may be Type (botany), types, some may be specimens distributed in published series called exsiccata, exsiccatae. The term herbarium is often used in mycology to describe an equivalent collection of preserved fungi, otherwise known as a fungarium. A xylarium is a herbarium specialising in specimens of wood. The term hortorium (as in the Liberty Hyde Bailey, Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium) has occasionally been applied to a herbarium specialising in preserving material of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bibliographies
Bibliography (from and ), as a discipline, is traditionally the academic study of books as physical, cultural objects; in this sense, it is also known as bibliology (from ). English author and bibliographer John Carter describes ''bibliography'' as a word having two senses: one, a list of books for further study or of works consulted by an author (or enumerative bibliography); the other one, applicable for collectors, is "the study of books as physical objects" and "the systematic description of books as objects" (or descriptive bibliography). Etymology The word was used by Greek writers in the first three centuries CE to mean the copying of books by hand. In the 12th century, the word started being used for "the intellectual activity of composing books." The 17th century then saw the emergence of the modern meaning, that of description of books. Currently, the field of bibliography has expanded to include studies that consider the book as a material object. Bibliography, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Editing
Editing is the process of selecting and preparing written language, written, Image editing, visual, Audio engineer, audible, or Film editing, cinematic material used by a person or an entity to convey a message or information. The editing process can involve correction, condensation, organization, and many other modifications performed with an intention of producing a correct, consistent, accurate and complete piece of work. The editing process often begins with the author's idea for the work itself, continuing as a collaboration between the author and the editor as the work is created. Editing can involve creative skills, human relations and a precise set of methods. Practicing editing can be a way to reduce language error in future literature works.Diab, N. M. (2010). Effects of peer-versus self-editing on students' revision of language errors in revised drafts. ''System'', ''38''(1), 85–95. There are various editorial positions in publishing. Typically, one finds edit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
