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Evangelical Catholic
The term Evangelical Catholic (from ''Catholic (term), catholic'' meaning ''universal'' and ''evangelical'' meaning ''Gospel-centered'') is used in Lutheranism, with those calling themselves Evangelical Catholic Lutherans or Lutherans of Evangelical Catholic churchmanship stressing the catholicity of historic Lutheranism in liturgy (such as the Mass (liturgy)#Lutheranism, Mass), beliefs (such as the perpetual virginity of Mary), practices (such as genuflection), and doctrines (such as apostolic succession). Evangelical Catholics teach that Lutheranism at its core "is deeply and fundamentally catholic". The majority of Evangelical Catholic Lutheran clergy and parishes are members of mainstream Lutheran denominations (such as the Church of Sweden), though certain Lutheran denominations, such as the Lutheran Church - International, have a solidly Evangelical Catholic churchmanship. Various apostolates and religious orders exist, which herald Evangelical Catholic principles within Luthe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Catholic (term)
The word ''catholic'' (derived via Late Latin , from the ancient Greek adjective () ) comes from the Greek phrase () , and is a combination of the Greek words () and () . The first known use of "Catholic" was by the church father Ignatius of Antioch in his '' Letter to the Smyrnaeans'' (circa 110 AD). In the context of Christian ecclesiology, it has a rich history and several usages. The word in English can mean either "of the Catholic faith" or "relating to the historic doctrine and practice of the Western Church". " Catholicos", the title used for the head of some churches in Eastern Christian traditions, is derived from the same linguistic origin. In non-ecclesiastical use, it derives its English meaning directly from its root, and is currently used to mean the following: * including a wide variety of things, or all-embracing; * universal or of general interest; * having broad interests, or wide sympathies; * inclusive, inviting. The term has been incorporate ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor
Charles V (24 February 1500 – 21 September 1558) was Holy Roman Emperor and Archduke of Austria from 1519 to 1556, King of Spain (as Charles I) from 1516 to 1556, and Lord of the Netherlands as titular Duke of Burgundy (as Charles II) from 1506 to 1555. He was heir to and then head of the rising House of Habsburg. His dominions in Europe included the Holy Roman Empire, extending from Germany to northern Italy with rule over the Austrian hereditary lands and Burgundian Low Countries, and Spain with its possessions of the southern Italian kingdoms of Naples, Sicily and Sardinia. In the Americas, he oversaw the continuation of Spanish colonization and a short-lived German colonization. The personal union of the European and American territories he ruled was the first collection of realms labelled " the empire on which the sun never sets". Charles was born in Flanders to Habsburg Archduke Philip the Handsome, son of Maximilian I, Holy Roman Emperor and Mary of Burg ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Justification By Faith
(or simply ), meaning justification by faith alone, is a soteriological doctrine in Christian theology commonly held to distinguish the Lutheranism, Lutheran and Reformed tradition, Reformed traditions of Protestantism, among others, from the Catholic Church, Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, Assyrian Church of the East, Assyrian, Methodist Church, Methodist and Anabaptism, Anabaptist churches. The doctrine asserts that it is on the basis of faith in Christianity, faith alone that believers are made right of sin (such as their transgressions of divine law); and not on the basis of what Paul the Apostle calls "works of the law", which ''sola fide'' proponents interpret as including not only moral, legal or ceremonial requirements but any good works or "works of charity." This forgiveness is known as "Justification (theology), justification". Most Christian denominations including Catholic, Orthodox, Lutheran, Reformed, Anglican and Methodist now subscribe to a c ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Historical Episcopate
The historic or historical episcopate comprises all episcopates, that is, it is the collective body of all the bishops of a group who are in valid apostolic succession. This succession is transmitted from each bishop to their successors by the rite of Holy Orders. It is sometimes subject of episcopal genealogy. Line of succession In the churches that have well-documented ties to the history of Christianity as a whole, it is held that only a person in apostolic succession, a line of succession of bishops dating back to the Apostles, can be a valid bishop; can validly ordain priests (presbyters), deacons and bishops; and can validly celebrate the sacraments of the church. Historical denominations include the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Oriental Orthodox Church, the Scandinavian Lutheran churches ( Porvoo Communion), the Moravian Church, the Old Catholic Church, the Anglican Communion, and the Assyrian Church of the East. The definition of the histori ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Means Of Grace
The means of grace in Christian theology are those things (the ''means'') through which God gives grace. Just what this grace entails is interpreted in various ways: generally speaking, some see it as God blessing humankind so as to sustain and empower the Christian life; others see it as forgiveness, life, and salvation. Catholic theology According to the Catholic Church, the means of grace that Christ entrusted to the Church are many.Catholic Bishops' Conferences of England & Wales, Ireland and Scotland, ''One Bread One Body'' , p. 7 They include the entirety of revealed truth, the and the hierarchical ministry. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Radical Reformation
The Radical Reformation represented a response to perceived corruption both in the Catholic Church and in the expanding Magisterial Protestant movement led by Martin Luther and many others. Starting in Germany and Switzerland in the 16th century, the Radical Reformation gave birth to many radical Protestant groups throughout Europe. The term covers Radical Reformers like Thomas Müntzer and Andreas Karlstadt, the Zwickau prophets, and Anabaptist groups like the Hutterites and the Mennonites. In Germany, Switzerland and Austria, a majority sympathized with the Radical Reformation despite intense persecution. Although the surviving proportion of the European population that rebelled against Catholic, Lutheran and Reformed Churches was small, Radical Reformers wrote profusely, and the literature on the Radical Reformation is disproportionately large, partly as a result of the proliferation of the Radical Reformation teachings in the United States. History Some early forms ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
High Church
A ''high church'' is a Christian Church whose beliefs and practices of Christian ecclesiology, Christian liturgy, liturgy, and Christian theology, theology emphasize "ritual, priestly authority, [and] sacraments," and a standard liturgy. Although used in connection with various Christian denominations, Christian traditions such as High Church Lutheranism, ''high church'' Lutheranism, the English term ''high church'' originated in the Anglican tradition, where it described a churchmanship in which a number of Ritualism, ritual practices associated in the popular mind with Roman Catholicism were used, or as a description of such practices in the Catholic Church and elsewhere. The opposite tradition is ''low church''. Contemporary media discussing Anglican churches often prefer the terms Evangelical Anglicanism, evangelical to ''low church'' and Anglo-Catholic to ''high church'', even though their meanings do not exactly correspond. Other Christian denominations that contain ''high ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Holy Eucharist
The Eucharist ( ; from , ), also called Holy Communion, the Blessed Sacrament or the Lord's Supper, is a Christian rite, considered a sacrament in most churches and an ordinance in others. Christians believe that the rite was instituted by Jesus at the Last Supper, the night before his crucifixion, giving his disciples bread and wine. Passages in the New Testament state that he commanded them to "do this in memory of me" while referring to the bread as "my body" and the cup of wine as "the blood of my covenant, which is poured out for many". According to the synoptic Gospels, this was at a Passover meal. The elements of the Eucharist, sacramental bread, either leavened or unleavened, and sacramental wine (non-alcoholic grape juice in some Protestant traditions, such as Methodism), are consecrated on an altar or a communion table and consumed thereafter. The consecrated elements are the end product of the Eucharistic Prayer. Christians generally recognize a special presen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Real Presence
The real presence of Christ in the Eucharist, sometimes shortened Real Presence'','' is the Christian doctrine that Jesus Christ is present in the Eucharist, not merely symbolically or metaphorically, but in a true, real and substantial way. There are a number of Christian denominations that teach that Christ is truly present in the Eucharist, including Catholicism, Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Church of the East, the Moravian Church, Lutheranism, Anglicanism, Methodism and Irvingianism, as well as Baptists (including the historic General Baptists and Particular Baptists strands) and Reformed traditions (including the Continental Reformed, Presbyterian, Congregationalist traditions). The differences in the teachings of these Churches primarily concern "the mode of Christ's presence in the Lord's Supper". Efforts at mutual understanding of the range of beliefs by these Churches led in the 1980s to consultations on '' Baptism, Eucharist and Ministry'' by the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Absolution
Absolution is a theological term for the forgiveness imparted by ordained Priest#Christianity, Christian priests and experienced by Penance#Christianity, Christian penitents. It is a universal feature of the historic churches of Christendom, although the theology and the practice of absolution vary between Christian denominations. Some Christian traditions see absolution as a sacrament—the Confession (religion), Sacrament of Penance. This concept is found in the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Churches, Assyrian Church of the East and the Lutheranism, Lutheran Church. In other traditions, including the Anglican Communion and Methodism, absolution is seen as part of the life of the church, with the Thirty-nine Articles and Articles of Religion (Methodist), Twenty-five Articles respectively counting absolution amongst the five Rite (Christianity), rites described as "Commonly called Sacraments, but not to be counted for Sacraments of the Gospel". Confes ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Confession (religion)
Confession, in many religions, is the acknowledgment of sinful thoughts and actions. This is performed directly to a deity or to fellow people. It is often seen as a required action of repentance and a necessary precursor to penance and atonement. It often leads to Reconciliation (theology), reconciliation and forgiveness. Christianity Roman Catholicism In Catholic Church, Catholic Christian teaching, the Sacrament of Penance is the method by which individuals confess any Christian views on sin#Catholic views, sins they have committed after their baptism; these sins are then absolution, absolved by God through the administration of a priest, who assigns an act of penance. To Validity and liceity (Catholic Church), validly receive absolution, the penitent must make a sincere sacramental confession of all known mortal sins not yet confessed to a priest and pray an act of contrition (a genre of prayers) that expresses both motives for sorrow and the resolve not to sin again. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baptism
Baptism (from ) is a Christians, Christian sacrament of initiation almost invariably with the use of water. It may be performed by aspersion, sprinkling or affusion, pouring water on the head, or by immersion baptism, immersing in water either partially or completely, traditionally three times, once for each person of the Trinity. The synoptic gospels recount that John the Baptist baptism of Jesus, baptized Jesus., , Baptism is considered a sacrament in most churches, and as an ordinance (Christian), ordinance in others. Baptism according to the Trinitarian formula, which is done in most mainstream Christian denominations, is seen as being a basis for Christian ecumenism, the concept of unity amongst Christians. Baptism is also called christening, although some reserve the word "christening" for the Infant baptism, baptism of infants. In certain Christian denominations, such as the Catholic Churches, Eastern Orthodox Churches, Oriental Orthodox Churches, Assyrian Church of t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
