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Eutardigrada
Eutardigrada are a class of tardigrades (Tardigrada) without lateral appendages. Primarily freshwater bound, some species have secondarily gained the ability to live in marine environments ('' Halobiotus''). By cryptobiosis many species are able to live temporarily in very dry environments. More than 700 species have been described. The order Apochela consists of only one family, Milnesiidae, with two genera: '' Milnesium'' and '' Limmenius''. ''Milnesium tardigradum'' can be found worldwide and is one of the biggest species among tardigrades (up to 1.4 mm); similar-looking species have been found in Cretaceous amber. The mouth of this predator has a wide opening, so the animal can eat rotifers and larger protist A protist ( ) or protoctist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, land plant, or fungus. Protists do not form a natural group, or clade, but are a paraphyletic grouping of all descendants of the last eukaryotic common ancest ...s. Other eu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milnesium
''Milnesium'' is a genus of tardigrades. It is rather common, being found in a wide variety of habitats across the world. It has a fossil record extending back to the Cretaceous, the oldest species found so far (''M. swolenskyi'') is known from Turonian stage deposits on the east coast of the United States. Milnesiums are one of the most desiccation and radiation-resistant invertebrates on Earth because of their unique ability to transform into a "tun" state and utilize intrinsically disordered proteins when experiencing extreme environments. Species Described species include: * ''Milnesium alabamae'' Wallendorf & Miller, 2009 *''Milnesium almatyense'' Tumanov, 2006 * ''Milnesium alpigenum'' Ehrenberg, 1853 *''Milnesium antarcticum'' Tumanov, 2006 * ''Milnesium argentinum'' Roszkowska, Ostrowska & Kaczmarek, 2015 *''Milnesium asiaticum'' Tumanov, 2006 * ''Milnesium barbadosense'' Meyer & Hinton, 2012 * ''Milnesium beasleyi'' Kaczmarek, Jakubowska & Michalczyk, 2012 * ''Milnesium ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Tardigrade
Tardigrades (), known colloquially as water bears or moss piglets, are a phylum of eight-legged segmented micro-animals. They were first described by the German zoologist Johann August Ephraim Goeze in 1773, who called them . In 1776, the Italian biologist Lazzaro Spallanzani named them Tardigrada, which means 'slow walkers'. They live in diverse regions of Earth's biospheremountaintops, the deep sea, tropical rainforests, and the Antarctic. Tardigrades are among the most resilient animals known, with individual species able to survive extreme conditions – such as exposure to extreme temperatures, extreme pressures (both high and low), air deprivation, radiation, dehydration, and starvation – that would quickly kill most other forms of life. Tardigrades have survived exposure to outer space. There are about 1,500 known species in the phylum Tardigrada, a part of the superphylum Ecdysozoa. The earliest known fossil is from the Cambrian, some 500 million years ago ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Macrobiotidae
Macrobiotidae is a family of tardigrades. Phylogeny External phylogeny According to a 2018 report using multiple morphological and molecular studies, the Macrobiotoidea are sister to the Hypsibioidea; both are eutardigrades. The genera '' Adorybiotus'' and '' Richtersius'' were transferred from Macrobiotidae to a new family, Richtersiidae, in 2016. Internal phylogeny A 2021 phylogenetic analysis found that the genus ''Macrobiotus'' is monophyletic (a clade) but that the former genus ''Xerobiotus'' is wholly contained within ''Macrobiotus''. A new genus, '' Sisubiotus'', was created. The genus "'' Minibiotus''" was seen to be paraphyletic Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In co ... with respect to ''Tenuibiotus'' and ''Paramacrobiotus''. Genera , the famil ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypsibius Dujardini
''Hypsibius dujardini sensu lato'' is a species complex of tardigrade in the class Eutardigrada. A member of this complex, ''Hypsibius exemplaris'', is widely used for various research projects pertaining to evolutionary biology and astrobiology. The species was described by Louis Michel François Doyère in 1840 (as ''Macrobiotus dujardini''). ''H. exemplaris'' was differentiated from ''H. dujardini sensu stricto'' in 2018. Earlier studies refer to this lab species from northwest England as ''H. dujardini''. ''H. dujardini s.s.'' is found in France, and has differences in 18S rRNA sequence and morphological details. Habitat The species, ''Hypsibius dujardini'', is a tardigrade that prefers freshwater lakes, rivers, and streams. Because they are considered cosmopolitan, their geographical range is immense. They can be found in regions like the tropics and the poles. Genome sequencing The genome of ''Hypsibius exemplaris'' has been sequenced. ''Hypsibius exemplaris'' has a com ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eohypsibiidae
''Eohypsibiidae'' is a family of water bear or moss piglet, tardigrades in the class Eutardigrada Eutardigrada are a class of tardigrades (Tardigrada) without lateral appendages. Primarily freshwater bound, some species have secondarily gained the ability to live in marine environments ('' Halobiotus''). By cryptobiosis many species are able .... It contains the following species in three genera: * '' Austeruseus'' Trygvadottir, B. V. & Kristensen, R. M.(2011). "Eohypsibiidae (Eutardigrada, Tardigrada) from the Faroe Islands with the description of a new genus containing three new species." ''Zootaxa'' 2886: 39–62. ** '' Austeruseus balduri'' ** '' Austeruseus faroensis'' ** '' Austeruseus rokuri'' * '' Bertolanius'' ** '' Bertolanius birnae'' ** '' Bertolanius mahunkai'' ** '' Bertolanius markevichi'' ** '' Bertolanius nebulosus'' ** '' Bertolanius portucalensis'' ** '' Bertolanius smreczinskii'' ** '' Bertolanius volubilis'' ** '' Bertolanius weglarskae'' * '' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Microhypsibiidae
Microhypsibiidae is a family of tardigrades in the class Eutardigrada Eutardigrada are a class of tardigrades (Tardigrada) without lateral appendages. Primarily freshwater bound, some species have secondarily gained the ability to live in marine environments ('' Halobiotus''). By cryptobiosis many species are able .... It contains the following species in two genera: * '' Fractonotus'' ** '' Fractonotus caelatus'' (Marcus 1928) * '' Microhypsibius'' ** '' Microhypsibius bertolanii'' Kristensen, 1982 ** '' Microhypsibius japonicus'' Ito, 1991 ** '' Microhypsibius minimus'' Kristensen, 1982 ** '' Microhypsibius truncatus'' Thulin, 1928 References Parachela (tardigrade) Tardigrade families Polyextremophiles {{tardigrade-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Halobiotus
''Halobiotus'' is a genus of tardigrada, tardigrade in the class Eutardigrada. Species * ''Halobiotus arcturulius'' Crisp and Kristensen, 1983 * ''Halobiotus crispae'' Kristensen, 1982 * ''Halobiotus stenostomus'' (Richters, 1908) References External links Parachela (tardigrade) Tardigrade genera Polyextremophiles {{Tardigrade-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Necopinatidae
''Necopinatidae'' is a family of water bears or moss piglets, tardigrades in the class Eutardigrada Eutardigrada are a class of tardigrades (Tardigrada) without lateral appendages. Primarily freshwater bound, some species have secondarily gained the ability to live in marine environments ('' Halobiotus''). By cryptobiosis many species are able .... It contains the following species in two genera * '' Apodibius'' ** '' Apodibius confusus'' Dastych, 1983 ** '' Apodibius nuntius'' Binda, 1986 ** '' Apodibius richardi'' Vargha, 1995 ** '' Apodibius serventyi'' Morgan & Nicholls 1986 * '' Necopinatum'' ** '' Necopinatum mirabile'' Pilato, 1971 References External links Parachela (tardigrade) Tardigrade families Polyextremophiles {{tardigrade-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beornidae
''Beorn'' is an extinct genus of tardigrade and the first known fossil tardigrade, discocered in Late Cretaceous amber from Manitoba, Canada. The genus contains a single species, ''B. leggi'', and it was originally classified as the only member of its family, the Beornidae, but was later reclassified as belonging to the Hypsibiidae. It is one of three fossil tardigrades known from the Cretaceous, the others being '' Milnesium swolenskyi'' from the Turonian New Jersey amber and '' Aerobius'' from the same amber piece as ''Beorn''. The only other confidently known fossil tardigrade is the Miocene '' Paradoryphoribius'' from the Dominican Republic. In addition to some other finds from the Cretaceous and the Cambrian period, ''Beorn'' is an example of the early existence of tardigrades in earth's history, and its largely modern appearance suggests that tardigrades must have diversified considerably before this time. Discovery and naming William M. Legg collected the amber in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hypsibiidae
The Hypsibiidae are a family of water bears or moss piglets, tardigrades in the class Eutardigrada. Subfamilies and genera * Subfamily Diphasconinae ** '' Diphascon'' ** '' Hebesuncus'' ** '' Paradiphascon'' * Subfamily Hypsibiinae ** ''Acutuncus'' ** '' Doryphoribius'' ** '' Eremobiotus'' ** ''Halobiotus'' ** '' Hypsibius'' ** '' Isohypsibius'' ** '' Mixibius'' ** '' Pseudobiotus'' ** '' Ramajendas'' ** ''Ramazzottius ''Ramazzottius'' is a genus of water bear or moss piglet, a tardigrada, tardigrade in the class Eutardigrada, named after the Italian zoologist Giuseppe Ramazzotti. ''Ramazzottius varieornatus'' (see image) is a terrestrial invertebrate that is ...'' ** '' Thulinius'' * Subfamily Itaquasconinae ** '' Astatumen'' ** '' Itaquascon'' ** '' Mesocrista'' ** '' Parascon'' ** '' Platicrista'' References Tardigrade families Polyextremophiles {{Tardigrade-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Parachela (tardigrade)
Parachela is an order of tardigrades in the class Eutardigrada Eutardigrada are a class of tardigrades (Tardigrada) without lateral appendages. Primarily freshwater bound, some species have secondarily gained the ability to live in marine environments ('' Halobiotus''). By cryptobiosis many species are able .... Members of this order have existed for at least 72 million years, up to the present. The oldest known species are '' Beorn leggi'' and '' Aerobius dactylus''. Superfamilies and families The order includes the following superfamilies and families: * Eohypsiboiidea ** Eohypsibiidae * Hypsibioidea ** Calohypsibiidae ** Hypsibiidae ** Microhypsibiidae ** Ramazzottiidae * Isohypsibioidea ** Hexapodibiidae ** Isohypsibiidae * Macrobiotoidea ** Beornidae ** Macrobiotidae ** Murrayidae ** Necopinatidae ** Richtersiidae References External links * * Ecdysozoa orders Polyextremophiles {{Tardigrade-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Milnesiidae
Milnesiidae is a Family (biology), family of tardigrades of the class Eutardigrada. It is the sole family in the Order (biology), order Apochela. In 2019, Noemi Guil and colleagues proposed to promote the order Apochela to the new Class (biology), class Apotardigrada. Genera The family consists of the following genera: * ''Bergtrollus'' Dastych, 2011 * ''Limmenius'' Horning, Schuster & Grigarick, 1978 * ''Milnesioides'' Claxton, 1999 * ''Milnesium'' Louis Michel François Doyère, Doyère, 1840 References External links * Tardigrade families Apochela {{Tardigrade-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
