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Eustakio Mendizabal
Eustakio Mendizabal Benito (9 October 1944 in Itsasondo – 19 April 1973 in Algorta), commonly known by his nom-de-guerre ''Txikia'', was the leader of the Basque separatist group ETA-V from August 1971 until his death in April 1973. Biography Early years Eustakio Mendizabal was born on 9 October 1944, in the small village of Itsasondo, Gipuzkoa. At age 10, he was sent to a Benedictine monastery in Lazkao, where he remained for 12 years until leaving the order in 1966. Career in ETA ''Txikia'' was the right-hand man of Juan Jose Etxabe, the leader of ETA's Military Front during the 1960s. After an organizational assembly in September 1970 concluded with ETA officially branding itself as Marxist-Leninist, the Military Front of ETA refused to accept the policy changes, forming a splinter group called ETA-V (while the Marxist-Leninist ETA would become known as ETA-VI). ETA-VI initially enjoyed substantially more popular support, and in 1971 the dispirited Juan Jose Etxabe step ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mendizabal
Mendizabal or Mendizábal is a Basque surname meaning 'wide mountain'. It may refer to: * Concepción Mendizábal Mendoza (1893–1985), first female civil engineer in Mexico * Enrique Mendizabal (1918–2017), Olympic Shooter for Peru at the 1948 London Games *Eustakio Mendizabal (1944–1973), Basque separatist * Félix Mendizábal (1891–1959), Spanish athlete * Gabriel de Mendizabal Iraeta (1765–1838), general during the Napoleonic Wars * Guillermo Mendizábal (born 1954), retired Mexican footballer and manager * Horacio Mendizábal (1847–1871), Argentinian poet * Itziar Mendizabal (born 1981), ballet dancer * José María Álvarez Mendizábal (1891–1965), Spanish politician and lawyer * Joxe Mendizabal (born 1970), Basque musician *Juan Álvarez Mendizábal (1790–1853), Spanish economist and politician * Luis A. Aranberri Mendizabal "Amatiño" (born 1945), Basque media professional * Mamen Mendizábal (born 1976), Spanish television and radio journalist * Mariano Juari ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Francisco Franco
Francisco Franco Bahamonde (born Francisco Paulino Hermenegildo Teódulo Franco Bahamonde; 4 December 1892 – 20 November 1975) was a Spanish general and dictator who led the Nationalist faction (Spanish Civil War), Nationalist forces in overthrowing the Second Spanish Republic during the Spanish Civil War and thereafter ruled over Spain from 1939 to 1975, assuming the title ''Caudillo''. This period in Spanish history, from the Nationalist victory to Franco's death, is commonly known as Francoist Spain or as the Francoist dictatorship. Born in Ferrol, Spain, Ferrol, Galicia, into an upper-class military family, Franco served in the Spanish Army as a cadet in the Toledo Infantry Academy from 1907 to 1910. While serving in Spanish protectorate in Morocco, Morocco, he rose through the ranks to become a brigadier general in 1926 at age 33. Two years later, Franco became the director of the General Military Academy in Zaragoza. As a Conservatism, conservative and Monarchism, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spanish Guerrillas
Spanish might refer to: * Items from or related to Spain: **Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain **Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many countries in the Americas **Spanish cuisine ** Spanish history **Spanish culture **Languages of Spain, the various languages in Spain Other places * Spanish, Ontario, Canada * Spanish River (other), the name of several rivers * Spanish Town, Jamaica Other uses * John J. Spanish (1922–2019), American politician * "Spanish" (song), a single by Craig David, 2003 See also * * * Español (other) * Spain (other) * España (other) * Espanola (other) * Hispania, the Roman and Greek name for the Iberian Peninsula * Hispanic, the people, nations, and cultures that have a historical link to Spain * Hispanic (other) * Hispanism * Spain (other) * National and regional identity in Spain * Culture of Spain The culture of Spain is influenced by its Western ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Basque Nationalists
Basque nationalism ( ; ; ) is a form of nationalism that asserts that Basques, an ethnic group Indigenous peoples of Europe, indigenous to the western Pyrenees, are a nation and promotes the political unity of the Basques, today scattered between Spain and France. Since its inception in the late 19th century, Basque nationalism has included movements supportive of Basque Country independence, Basque independence. Basque nationalism, spanning three different regions in two states (the Basque Autonomous Community and Navarre in Spain, and the French Basque Country in France), is "irredentism, irredentist in nature" as it favours political unification of all the Basque Country (greater region), Basque-speaking provinces. History Fueros and Carlism Basque nationalism is rooted in Carlism and the loss, by the laws of 1839 and 1876, of the Ancien Régime relationship between the Spanish Basque provinces and the Spanish monarchy, crown of Spain. During this period, the reactionary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Telesforo Monzón
Telesforo de Monzón y Ortiz de Urruela (1 December 1904 in Bergara, Spain – 9 March 1981 in Bayonne, France) was a writer, politician and nationalist Basque leader. Monzón was an important leader of the Basque Nationalist Party during the Second Republic and the Spanish Civil War. After the end of the war, he was forced into exile for more than 40 years. After returning to the Basque region south of the Pyrenees, he became a major figure in the movement for Basque independence and was one of the founders of the coalition Herri Batasuna. At the 1979 General Election he was elected to the Spanish Congress of Deputies representing Gipuzkoa Province, the same district which he had represented from 1932 to 1936 during the Spanish Second Republic The Spanish Republic (), commonly known as the Second Spanish Republic (), was the form of democratic government in Spain from 1931 to 1939. The Republic was proclaimed on 14 April 1931 after the deposition of King Alfonso XII ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Assassination Of Luis Carrero Blanco
On 20 December 1973, Luis Carrero Blanco, the Prime Minister of Spain, was assassinated when a cache of explosives in a tunnel set up by the Basque separatist group ETA was detonated. The assassination, also known by its code name Operación Ogro (Operation Ogre), is considered to have been the biggest attack against the Francoist State since the end of the Spanish Civil War in 1939 and had far-reaching consequences within the politics of Spain. The death of Carrero Blanco had numerous political implications. By the end of 1973, the physical health of dictator Francisco Franco had declined significantly, and it epitomized the final crisis of the Francoist regime. Following Carrero Blanco's death, the most conservative sector of the Francoist State, known as the , wanted to influence Franco so that he would choose an ultraconservative as Prime Minister. Finally, he chose Carlos Arias Navarro, who originally announced a partial relaxation of the most rigid aspects of the Franc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bizkaia
Biscay ( ; ; ), is a province of the Basque Autonomous Community, heir of the ancient Lordship of Biscay, lying on the south shore of the eponymous bay. The capital and largest city is Bilbao. Biscay is one of the most renowned and prosperous provinces of Spain, historically a major trading hub in the Atlantic Ocean since medieval times and, later on, one of the largest industrial and financial centers of the Iberian Peninsula. Since the extensive deindustrialization that took place throughout the 1970s, the economy has come to rely more on the services sector. Etymology It is accepted in linguistics ( Koldo Mitxelena, etc.) that ''Bizkaia'' is a cognate of ''bizkar'' (cf. Biscarrosse in Aquitaine), with both place-name variants well attested in the whole Basque Country and out meaning 'low ridge' or 'prominence' (''Iheldo bizchaya'' attested in 1141 for the Monte Igueldo in San Sebastián). Names ''Bizkaia'' ''Bizkaia'' is the official name, and it is used on offici ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Luis Carrero Blanco
Admiral-General Luis Carrero Blanco (; 4 March 1904 – 20 December 1973) was a Spanish Navy officer and politician. A long-time confidant and right-hand man of dictator Francisco Franco, Carrero served as Prime Minister of Spain. Upon graduating from the naval academy Carrero Blanco participated in the Rif War, and later the Spanish Civil War, in which he supported the Rebel faction. He became one of the most prominent figures in the Francoist dictatorship's power structure and held throughout his career a number of high-ranking offices such as those of Undersecretary of the Presidency from 1941 to 1967 and Franco's deputy from 1967 to 1973. He also was the main drafter behind the 1947 Law of Succession to the Headship of the State. Franco handpicked him as his successor in the role of head of government, with Carrero thereby taking office in June 1973. Shortly after he became prime minister, Carrero Blanco was assassinated in Madrid in a streetside bombing on 20 Dec ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Goma-2
Goma-2 was a type of high explosive manufactured for industrial use (chiefly mining) by Unión Española de Explosivos S.A. It was a gelatinous, nitroglycol-based explosive widely used within Spain and exported abroad. It was used by ETA in the 1980s and 1990s. There were two variants of Goma-2: Goma-2 EC and Goma-2 ECO. As of 2017, the manufacturer MAXAM Corp. S. L. has reformulated the Goma-type ammonia gelatine dynamites which are marketed worldwide under the new Riodin trade name. Properties Goma-2 explosive was a mixture of several chemicals: *Ammonium nitrate - 60–70% * Nitroglycol - 26–34% *Nitrocellulose - 0.5–2% *Dibutyl phthalate - 1–3% *Fuels - 1–3% As with other commercial blasting explosives, detonators were needed to initiate a detonation (usually a blasting cap # 8). Terrorist use Goma-2 ECO was the explosive that was used in the 2004 Madrid train bombings. Terrorist Jamal Ahmidan, also known as El Chino, bought the explosive illegally from a mine in n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Benito (name)
Benito is the Spanish form of Benedict and is both a masculine given name and a surname. People with the given name "Benito" include A * Benito Manuel Agüero (1624–1668), Spanish painter * Benito Alazraki (1921–2007), Mexican film director * Benito Andion, Salvadorian diplomat * Benito Antonio Martínez Ocasio (born 1994), Puerto Rican singer * Benito Archundia (born 1966), Mexican football referee * Benito Armiñán, Spanish soldier B * Benito Báez (born 1977), Dominican baseball player * Benito Baranda (born 1959), Chilean psychologist * Benito Bello de Torices (1660–1714), Spanish composer * Benito Boldi (1934–2021), Italian footballer * Benito Bollati (1926–2023), Italian lawyer and politician * Benito Pérez Brito (1747–1813), Spanish military officer * Benito Buachidze (1905–1937), Georgian literary critic C * Benito Cabanban (1911–1990), Filipino bishop * Benito Cabrera (born 1963), Spanish composer * Benito Calderón (1902–??), Cuban baseball playe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lazkao
:''See Lazcano (other) (a variant form) for people with this surname.'' Lazkao () is a town and municipality located in the Goierri region of the province of Gipuzkoa, in the Basque Country. Location Lazkao is located in the Southern Basque Country, in the province of Gipuzkoa, Spain. Lazkao lies in a lush valley. To its north are Beasain and Ordizia; to the south are Idiazabal and Ataun; to the east Zaldibia and to the west Olaberria. Distances to important places * Donostia-San Sebastián: 45 km *Madrid: 428 km *Barcelona: 507 km Transport *Nearest train station: In Beasain to 2 km *Communicated with roads to these towns: Olaberria, Ataun, Ordizia, Beasain. *Bus stations through all the town with these lines: **Ataun-Lazkao- Beasain **Ataun-Lazkao- Ordizia- Zaldibia **San Sebastián-Logroño **San Sebastián-Pamplona *Airports: **Airport of Hondarribia (Donostia-San Sebastián): 58 km **Airport of Loiu (Bilbao): 86 km **Airport of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gipuzkoa
Gipuzkoa ( , ; ; ) is a province of Spain and a historical territory of the autonomous community of the Basque Country. Its capital city is Donostia-San Sebastián. Gipuzkoa shares borders with the French department of Pyrénées-Atlantiques at the northeast, with the province and autonomous community of Navarre at east, Biscay at west, Álava at southwest and the Bay of Biscay to its north. It is located at the easternmost extreme of the Cantabric Sea, in the Bay of Biscay. It has of coastline. With a total area of , Gipuzkoa is the smallest province of Spain. The province has 89 municipalities and a population of 720,592 inhabitants (2018), from which more than half live in the Donostia-San Sebastián metropolitan area. Apart from the capital, other important cities are Irun, Errenteria, Zarautz, Mondragón, Eibar, Hondarribia, Oñati, Tolosa, Beasain and Pasaia. Gipuzkoa is the province of the Basque Country in which the Basque language is the most ex ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
