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Eushta Tatars
The Eushta Tatars (, ) are one of the three subgroups of Tom Tatar group of Siberian Tatars. Eushta mainly inhabit the lower reaches of the Tom river in Tomsk Oblast. Their historical and cultural centre is the Eushta village. Eushta are especially closely related to Chat Tatars. Eushta Tatars consist of three sub-groups: Eushta, Basandai, Evaga. History Eushta are considered to be originally Samoyedic Selkup inhabitants of western Siberia, who were greatly influenced by Turkic peoples and lately Turkicised. In the beginning there were migrations from Altai. Yenisei Kyrgyz and Tyolyos tribes formed a role in their ethnogenesis. In 9th and 10th centuries Kimeks arrived in the region, from which the Kipchaks derived, who also had impact on Eushta Tatars. During the 15th and 16th centuries, the Eushta were under the rule of the Sibir Khanate. When Russians first came into contact with the Eushta, they numbered around 800 people. Eushta Tatars adopted Islam at the middle ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberian Tatar Language
Siberian Tatar () is a Turkic language spoken by about 140,000 people in Western Siberia, Russia, primarily in the oblasts of Tyumen, Novosibirsk, Omsk, Tomsk and Kemerovo Oblasts, but also in Sverdlovsk and Kurgan Oblasts. According to Marcel Erdal, due to its particular characteristics, Siberian Tatar can be considered as a bridge to Siberian Turkic languages. Dialects Siberian Tatar consists of three dialects: Tobol-Irtysh, Baraba or Tsanakül and Tom or Umar-Tom. According to D. G. Tumasheva, the Baraba dialect is grammatically closest to the southern dialect of Altai, Kyrgyz and has significant grammatical similarities with Chulym, Khakas, Shor, and Tuvan. The Tomsk dialect is, in her opinion, even closer to Altai and similar languages. The Tevriz sub-dialect of the Tobol-Irtysh dialect shares significant elements with the Siberian Turkic languages, namely with Altai, Khakas and Shor. Although Gabdulkhay Akhatov was a Volga Tatar, he immersed into studying of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Selkups
The Selkup () are a Samoyedic-speaking Uralic ethnic group native to Siberia. They live in the northern parts of Tomsk Oblast, Krasnoyarsk Krai and Tyumen Oblast (with Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug). Ethnonyms In Russian the Selkup call themselves Ostyak. This name is originally an exonym originating from the 17th century, when it was used to denote the Ob-Ugrian and Samoyed population of the Middle Ob region. By the end of the 20th century the name had been adopted by the Selkup as an indigenous name. In the scientific literature from 1850s until the 1930s, the Selkup were exclusively called Ostyak-Samoyeds (''остяко-самоеды, ostyako-samoyedy''). This ethnonym has never been widely used. The name ''Selkup'' was originally a self-designation of one group of Northern Selkups in the Taz River basin, but came to be applied to all the other local groups between the 1930s and 1980s. History Selkups speak the Selkup language, which belongs to the Samoyedi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkic Languages
The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and West Asia. The Turkic languages originated in a region of East Asia spanning from Mongolia to Northwest China, where Proto-Turkic language, Proto-Turkic is thought to have been spoken, from where they Turkic migration, expanded to Central Asia and farther west during the first millennium. They are characterized as a dialect continuum. Turkic languages are spoken by some 200 million people. The Turkic language with the greatest number of speakers is Turkish language, Turkish, spoken mainly in Anatolia and the Balkans; its native speakers account for about 38% of all Turkic speakers, followed by Uzbek language, Uzbek. Characteristic features such as vowel harmony, agglutination, subject-object-verb order, and lack of grammatical gender, are almost universal within the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Russians
Russians ( ) are an East Slavs, East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe. Their mother tongue is Russian language, Russian, the most spoken Slavic languages, Slavic language. The majority of Russians adhere to Eastern Orthodox Church, Orthodox Christianity, ever since the Middle Ages. By total numbers, they compose the largest Slavs, Slavic and Ethnic groups in Europe, European nation. Genetic studies show that Russians are closely related to Polish people, Poles, Belarusians, Ukrainians, as well as Estonians, Latvians, Lithuanians, and Finns. They were formed from East Slavic tribes, and their cultural ancestry is based in Kievan Rus'. The Russian word for the Russians is derived from the Names of Rus', Russia and Ruthenia, people of Rus' and the territory of Rus'. Russians share many historical and cultural traits with other European peoples, and especially with other East Slavic ethnic groups, specifically Belarusians and Ukrainians. The vast majority of Russians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Khanate Of Sibir
The Khanate of Sibir (; ) was a Tatar state in western Siberia. It was founded at the end of the 15th century, following the break-up of the Golden Horde.Сибирское ханство // Большая советская энциклопедия : / гл. ред. . — 3-е изд. — М. : Советская энциклопедия, 1969—1978. Throughout its history, members of the Shaybanid and Taibugid dynasties often contested the rulership over the Khanate between each other; both of these competing tribes were direct patrilineal descendants of Genghis Khan through his eldest son Jochi and Jochi's fifth son Shayban (Shiban) (died 1266). The area of the Khanate had once formed an integral part of the Mongol Empire, and later came under the control of the White Horde, and under the Golden Horde from 1242 to 1468. The Khanate of Sibir had an ethnically diverse population of Turkic peoples – Siberian Tatars and various Uralic p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kipchaks
The Kipchaks, also spelled Qipchaqs, known as Polovtsians (''Polovtsy'') in Russian annals, were Turkic nomads and then a confederation that existed in the Middle Ages inhabiting parts of the Eurasian Steppe. First mentioned in the eighth century as part of the Second Turkic Khaganate, they most likely inhabited the Altai region from where they expanded over the following centuries, first as part of the Kimek–Kipchak confederation and later as part of a confederation with the Cumans. There were groups of Kipchaks in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, China, Syr Darya, and Siberia. Cumania was conquered by the Mongol Empire in the early 13th century. Terminology The Kipchaks interpreted their name as meaning "hollow tree" (cf. Middle Turkic: ''kuv ağaç''); according to them, inside a hollow tree, their original human ancestress gave birth to her son. Németh points to the Siberian ''qıpčaq'' "angry, quick-tempered" attested only in the Siberian Sağay dialect (a dialect o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Kimeks
The Yemek or Kimek were a Turkic tribe constituting the Kimek-Kipchak confederation, whose other six constituent tribes, according to Abu Said Gardizi (d. 1061), were the Imur (or Imi), Tatars, Bayandur, Kipchaks, Lanikaz, and Ajlad. Ethnonym Minorsky, citing Marquart, Barthold, Semenov and other sources, proposed that the name ''Kīmāk'' (pronounced ''Kimäk'') was derived from ''Iki-Imäk'', "the two Imäk", probably referring to the first two clans (''Īmī'' and ''Īmāk'') of the federation. On the other hand, Pritsak attempted to connect the Kimek with the Proto-Mongolic Kumo of the Kumo Xi confederation (庫莫奚; Middle Chinese: kʰuoH-mɑk̚-ɦei; *''qu(o)mâġ-ġay'', from *''quo'' "yellowish" plus denominal suffix *''-mAk''). Peter B. Golden judges Pritsak's reconstruction "highly problematic", as Pritsak did not explain how ''Quomâġ'' might have produced ''Kimek''; even so, Golden still considers the connection with the Proto-Mongolic world seriously. M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yenisei Kyrgyz
The Yenisei Kyrgyz () were an ancient Turkic people who dwelled along the upper Yenisei River in the southern portion of the Minusinsk Depression from the 3rd century BCE to the 13th century CE. The heart of their homeland was the forested Tannu-Ola mountain range (known in ancient times as the Lao or Kogmen mountains), in modern-day Tuva, just north of Mongolia. The Sayan Mountains were also included in their territory at different times. The Yenisei Kyrgyz Khaganate existed from 538 to 1219 CE; in 840, it took over the leadership of the Turkic Khaganate from the Uyghurs, expanding the state from the Yenisei territories into Central Asia and the Tarim Basin. History The Yenisei Kyrgyz correlated with the and may perhaps be correlated to the Tashtyk culture. Their endonym was variously transcribed in Chinese historical texts as ''Jiegu'' (結骨), ''Hegu'' (紇骨), ''Hegusi'' (紇扢斯), ''Hejiasi'' (紇戛斯), ''Hugu'' (護骨), ''Qigu'' (契骨), ''Juwu'' (居勿), a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Altai Mountains
The Altai Mountains (), also spelled Altay Mountains, are a mountain range in Central Asia, Central and East Asia, where Russia, China, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan converge, and where the rivers Irtysh and Ob River, Ob have their headwaters. The massif merges with the Sayan Mountains in the northeast, and gradually becomes lower in the southeast, where it merges into the high plateau of the Gobi Desert. It spans from about 45° to 52° N and from about 84° to 99° E. The region is inhabited by a sparse but ethnically diverse population, including Russian people, Russians, Kazakh people, Kazakhs, Altai people, Altais, Tuvan people, Tuvans, Mongol people, Mongols, and Volga Germans, though predominantly represented by indigenous ethnic minorities of semi-nomadic people. The local economy is based on bovine, sheep, horse animal husbandry, husbandry, hunting, agriculture, forestry, and mining. The proposed Altaic languages, Altaic language family takes its name from this mountain ra ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkic Peoples
Turkic peoples are a collection of diverse ethnic groups of West Asia, West, Central Asia, Central, East Asia, East, and North Asia as well as parts of Europe, who speak Turkic languages.. "Turkic peoples, any of various peoples whose members speak languages belonging to the Turkic subfamily...". "The Turkic peoples represent a diverse collection of ethnic groups defined by the Turkic languages." According to historians and linguists, the Proto-Turkic language originated in Central-East Asia, potentially in the Altai-Sayan region, Mongolia or Tuva.: "The ultimate Proto-Turkic homeland may have been located in a more compact area, most likely in Eastern Mongolia": "The best candidate for the Turkic Urheimat would then be northern and western Mongolia and Tuva, where all these haplogroups could have intermingled, rather than eastern and southern Mongolia..." Initially, Proto-Turkic speakers were potentially both hunter-gatherers and farmers; they later became nomadic Pastoralism, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Siberia
Siberia ( ; , ) is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It has formed a part of the sovereign territory of Russia and its predecessor states since the lengthy conquest of Siberia, which began with the fall of the Khanate of Sibir in 1582 and concluded with the annexation of Chukotka in 1778. Siberia is vast and sparsely populated, covering an area of over , but home to roughly a quarter of Russia's population. Novosibirsk, Krasnoyarsk, and Omsk are the largest cities in the area. Because Siberia is a geographic and historic concept and not a political entity, there is no single precise definition of its territorial borders. Traditionally, Siberia spans the entire expanse of land from the Ural Mountains to the Pacific Ocean, with the Ural River usually forming the southernmost portion of its western boundary, and includes most of the drainage basin of the Arctic Ocean. I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
