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Europe Of Nations
The Europe of Nations Group was a Eurosceptic political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1994 and 1996. History The Europe of Nations Group (Coordination Group) was formed on 19 July 1994. It was the first Eurosceptic Group in the Parliament. It lasted until 10 November 1996. The group was succeeded by the Independents for a Europe of Nations from 20 December 1996. MEPs MEPs in Europe of Nations Group (Coordination Group) on 1 August 1994 were as follows: See also *Europe of Nations and Freedom Europe of Nations and Freedom (ENF; , ENL) was a far-right Political groups of the European Parliament, political group that operated in the European Parliament between 2015 and 2019. It was composed of 37 MEPs and only existed during the Eighth ... (2015-2019)Democracy in the European Parliamentref name="t1s1">Europe Politiqueref name="t1s12">France Politiqueref name="FrancePolitique1994">Archive of European Integrationref name="t1s63">European Parliamentref name ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Independents For A Europe Of Nations
Independents for a Europe of Nations was a Eurosceptic political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1996 and 1999. History "Group of Independents for a Europe of Nations" was founded on 20 December 1996, succeeding the Europe of Nations The Europe of Nations Group was a Eurosceptic political group with seats in the European Parliament between 1994 and 1996. History The Europe of Nations Group (Coordination Group) was formed on 19 July 1994. It was the first Eurosceptic Group in ... group. Following the 1999 European elections, the Group was reorganised into the " Group for a Europe of Democracies and Diversities" on 20 July 1999. MEPs MEPs in Independents for a Europe of Nations on 14 December 1998 were as follows: MEPs in Independents for a Europe of Nations on 4 May 1999 were as follows: SourcesKonrad-Adenauer-Stiftungref name="t1s2Political Groups of the European ParliamentEuropean Parliamentref name="t1s6">Europe Politiqueref name="t1s12">BBC Newsref n ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Euroscepticism
Euroscepticism, also spelled as Euroskepticism or EU-scepticism, is a political position involving criticism of the European Union (EU) and European integration. It ranges from those who oppose some EU institutions and policies and seek reform (''Eurorealism'', ''Eurocritical'', or ''soft Euroscepticism''), to those who oppose EU membership and see the EU as unreformable (''anti-European Unionism'', ''anti-EUism'', or ''hard Euroscepticism''). The opposite of Euroscepticism is known as ''pro-Europeanism''. The main drivers of Euroscepticism have been beliefs that integration undermines national sovereignty and the nation state, that the EU is elitist and Democratic deficit in the European Union, lacks democratic legitimacy and Transparency (behavior), transparency, that it is too bureaucratic and wasteful,(Op-Ed that it encourages high levels of immigration, or perceptions that it is a neoliberal organisation serving the big business elite at the expense of the working class, t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
James Goldsmith
Sir James Michael Goldsmith (26 February 1933 – 18 July 1997) was a French-British financier and politician who was a member of the Goldsmith family. His controversial business and finance career led to ongoing clashes with British media, frequently involving litigation or the threat of litigation. In 1994 he was elected to represent a French constituency as a Member of the European Parliament. He founded the short-lived Eurosceptic Referendum Party in the United Kingdom, which became an early campaigner for opposition to Britain's membership of the European Union. Early life Born in Paris, Goldsmith was the son of luxury hotel tycoon and former Conservative Member of Parliament (MP) Major Frank Goldsmith and his French wife, Marcelle Mouiller, and younger brother of environmental campaigner Edward Goldsmith. Frank Goldsmith had previously changed the family name from the German ''Goldschmidt'' to the English ''Goldsmith''. The Goldschmidts, neighbours and rivals of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Political Groups Of The European Parliament
The political groups of the European Parliament are the officially recognised parliamentary groups consisting of legislators of aligned ideologies in the European Parliament. The European Parliament is unique among supranational assemblies in that its members (MEPs) organise themselves into ideological groups, rather than national cleavages. Each political group is assumed to have a set of core principles, and political groups that cannot demonstrate this may be disbanded (see below). A political group of the EP usually constitutes the formal parliamentary representation of one or two of the European political parties (Europarty), sometimes supplemented by members from other national political parties or independent politicians. In contrast to the European political parties, it is strictly forbidden for political groups to organise or finance the political campaign during the European elections since this is the exclusive responsibility of the parties. But there are other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
European Parliament
The European Parliament (EP) is one of the two legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions. Together with the Council of the European Union (known as the Council and informally as the Council of Ministers), it adopts European legislation, following a proposal by the European Commission. The Parliament is composed of 720 members (MEPs), after the June 2024 European elections, from a previous 705 MEPs. It represents the second-largest democratic electorate in the world (after the Parliament of India), with an electorate of around 375 million eligible voters in 2024. Since 1979, the Parliament has been directly elected every five years by the citizens of the European Union through universal suffrage. Voter turnout in parliamentary elections decreased each time after 1979 until 2019, when voter turnout increased by eight percentage points, and rose above 50% for the first time since 1994. The voting age is 18 in all EU member states e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Movement For France
The Movement for France (, MPF; ) was a Conservatism, conservative Soft Euroscepticism, Eurosceptic List of political parties in France, French political party, founded on 20 November 1994, with a marked Regions of France, regional stronghold in the Vendée. It was led by Philippe de Villiers, once communications minister under Jacques Chirac. The party was considered Eurosceptic, though not to the extent of seeking withdrawal from the European Union, contrasting with some mainstream Eurosceptic parties such as the UK Independence Party (UKIP). The MPF resisted increases in European integration and campaigned successfully for a "no" vote in the 2005 French European Constitution referendum, French referendum of 2005 on the proposed European Constitution. It was also strongly opposed to the possible accession of Turkey to the European Union and to what it saw as the Islamisation of France. The party was a member of President Nicolas Sarkozy's presidential majority, which gathered a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Conservatism
Conservatism is a Philosophy of culture, cultural, Social philosophy, social, and political philosophy and ideology that seeks to promote and preserve traditional institutions, Convention (norm), customs, and Value (ethics and social sciences), values. The central tenets of conservatism may vary in relation to the culture and civilization in which it appears. In Western culture, depending on the particular nation, conservatives seek to promote and preserve a range of institutions, such as the nuclear family, organized religion, the military, the nation-state, property rights, rule of law, aristocracy, and monarchy. Conservatives tend to favor institutions and practices that enhance social order and historical continuity. The 18th-century Anglo-Irish statesman Edmund Burke, who opposed the French Revolution but supported the American Revolution, is credited as one of the forefathers of conservative thought in the 1790s along with Savoyard statesman Joseph de Maistre. The first ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Social Conservatism
Social conservatism is a political philosophy and a variety of conservatism which places emphasis on Tradition#In political and religious discourse, traditional social structures over Cultural pluralism, social pluralism. Social conservatives Political campaign, organize in favor of duty, traditional values and Institution, social institutions, such as traditional Familialism, family structures, Gender roles#Political ideologies, gender roles, sexual relations, Patriotism#Cultural aspects, national patriotism, and Religion#Impact, religious traditions. Social conservatism is usually skeptical of social change, instead tending to support the status quo concerning social issues. Social conservatives also value the rights of religious institutions to participate in the public sphere, thus often supporting accommodationism, government-religious endorsement and opposing state atheism, and in some cases opposing secularism. Social conservatism, as a movement, is largely an outgrowth ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformed Political Party
The Reformed Political Party ( , SGP) is a conservative Reformed ChristianThese sources describe the SGP as a Calvinist (Reformed Christian) political party: * * * * political party in the Netherlands. The SGP is the oldest political party in the Netherlands existing in its present form, and has been in opposition for its entire existence. Since 1925, it has won between 1.5% and 2.5% of the votes in general elections. Owing to its orthodox political ideals and its traditional role in the opposition, the party is considered a testimonial party. History Foundation The SGP was founded in 1918 by orthodox Protestants led by Yerseke pastor Gerrit Hendrik Kersten, some of which originated from the Protestant Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP). After the Pacification of 1917, compulsory voting and proportional representation was introduced in the Netherlands. The founders did not want to vote for existing parties, but saw an opportunity for a smaller party because of proportional re ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reformed Political League
The Reformed Political LeagueTranslation used by Rudy Andeweg, Andeweg and Irwin in ''Governance and Politics of the Netherlands'' (2002: 45) (, GPV) was an orthodox Protestant list of political parties in the Netherlands, political party in the Netherlands. The GPV is one of the predecessors of the Christian Union (Netherlands), Christian Union. The party was a testimonial party. History 1948–1963 The GPV was founded in 1948 as the result of a theological conflict within the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands, which led to the creation of the Reformed Churches in the Netherlands (Liberated). In 1944 a group of orthodox Protestants left the Reformed Church, because they disagreed with Abraham Kuyper's view that God had created multiple branches of Christianity (Catholicism, Protestantism etc.), each with their own sphere. In 1948, adherents of the Reformed Church in the Netherlands (Liberated) left the Anti-Revolutionary Party, the party linked to the Reformed Church in the N ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
June Movement
The June Movement () was a Danish left Eurosceptic political organisation founded 23 August 1992. It took its name from the referendum on the Maastricht Treaty that took place in Denmark in June of that year. The movement was a member of the European political party EUDemocrats - Alliance for a Europe of Democracies. The June Movement acknowledged Denmark's membership of the European Union, but opposed the process of tighter European integration including the Lisbon Treaty, and in general the movement wanted the EU to deal with only cross-border issues such as environmental and trade policies. The movement participated in elections for the European Parliament, but neither in local elections nor in elections for the Parliament of Denmark. In 2009, the movement lost its representation in the European Parliament and disbanded on 5 September 2009. History The June Movement was founded at a conference at Christiansborg on 23 August 1992. Its immediate predecessors were Danmark ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
People's Movement Against The EU
The People's Movement against the EU () is a far-left political association in Denmark against the European Union. It was founded in 1972 as a cross-party campaign platform for a 'no' vote in Denmark's referendum on EEC membership. The People's Movement was represented in the European Parliament from 1979 until 2019, when it lost its single seat in the European Parliament election. The movement has approximately 3,500 personal members, as well as collective members such as political parties, NGOs and trade unions (mostly local branches). The individual members are organised in about 100 local branches. Policies The primary objective of the movement is to withdraw the country from the EU and rejoin the European Free Trade Association, unlike some other Eurosceptic organisations which hope to be able to reform or downgrade the EU. According to the movement, it supports democracy, sustainable development and increased cooperation in organisations like the United Nations, Organiz ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
