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Eureka Council
The Eureka Council Inc. is an Australian organisation dedicated to the social, cultural, and heritage needs of Colonial and Anzac Australians. It promotes national pride, preservation of heritage and history, and Australian arts. History The Eureka Council was conceived in 1998 and registered in January 2003. It is an incorporated association or government-registered non-profit group. Native Australian culture Australia and its non-indigenous inhabitants (Australians) are made up of many nationalities, many of which came to Australia during several major periods of its history. The most recognisable of these periods in the convict period of the late 18th and early 19th centuries, where many nationalities such as the English, Irish and Scottish, were transported to Australia as punishment for their crimes, or as free settlers in order to start the new nation. Other such periods of migration from overseas includes the gold rushes of the 1850s, where many Europeans and Chinese made ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Basson Humffray
John Basson Humffray (17 April 1824 – 18 March 1891) was a leading advocate in the movement of miner reform process in the British colony of Victoria, and later a member of parliament. Humffray was born in Newtown, Montgomeryshire, Wales. He was articled to a solicitor, and became active in the Chartist movement, but abandoned his legal studies and migrated to Victoria, Australia in 1853. From rural Wales to Australia Humffray arrived in Melbourne on the "Star of the East" on 19 September 1853, and moved to Ballarat two months later to try his hand at gold digging. At a protest meeting of over 10,000 diggers at Bakery Hill on Saturday, 11 November 1854, Humffray was elected secretary of the Ballarat Reform League. In his view, the diggers' grievances were the result of an unrepresentative political system, which he felt could be changed by moral suasion. Humffray was a member of the three-person delegation which met the Governor of Victoria, Sir Charles Hotham, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ballarat Reform League
The Ballarat Reform League came into being in October 1853 and was officially constituted on 11 November 1854 at a mass meeting of miners in Ballarat, Victoria to protest against the Victorian government's mining policy and administration of the goldfields. As with the Bendigo protests the previous year (the Red Ribbon Rebellion), the primary objective of the League was to oppose the Miner's Licence. The League also strove for justice for James Scobie, a Scottish miner who had recently been murdered outside Bentley's Hotel in Eureka, and for the release of three miners who had been wrongly imprisoned for burning down the hotel. John Basson Humffray was elected secretary of the League. He urged civil disobedience to resist the government. But, when tensions boiled over on 30 November 1854, his pacifist strategy was overturned and the miners opted to use arms to fight the authorities. The miners elected Peter Lalor as their commander, although he had no military experience. L ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eureka Stockade
The Eureka Rebellion was a series of events involving gold miners who revolted against the British administration of the colony of Victoria, Australia during the Victorian gold rush. It culminated in the Battle of the Eureka Stockade, which took place on 3 December 1854 at Ballarat between the rebels and the colonial forces of Australia. The fighting resulted in an official total of 27 deaths and many injuries, the majority of casualties being rebels. There was a preceding period beginning in 1851 of peaceful demonstrations and civil disobedience on the Victorian goldfields. The miners had various grievances, chiefly the cost of mining permits and the officious way the system was enforced. Mass public support led to the acquittal of 13 captured rebels at their high treason trials in Melbourne. Rebel leader Peter Lalor was elected to the parliament, later serving as Speaker of the Victorian Legislative Assembly. Several reforms sought by the rebels were subsequently imple ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Clunes, Victoria
Clunes is a town in Victoria, Australia, 36 kilometres north of Ballarat, in the Shire of Hepburn. At the 2016 census it had a population of 1,728. History Pre-colonial The Djadja Wurrung people were the first inhabitants of the region including the settlement which later became Clunes. Frontier war In December 1839, a group of Aboriginal men were given a mixture of plaster of Paris and flour by the cook of Glengower Station in an effort to poison them. In retaliation, the cook was speared to death, resulting in the Blood Hole massacre in which between six and ten Aboriginal people were killed. The Aboriginal people sought safety by diving into the waterhole and there they were shot, one at a time, as they came up for air. The place is still known as 'the Blood-Hole'. Discovery of gold The town was home to Victoria's first registered gold discovery made by William Campbell in 1850. This discovery was not made public until 1851. In 1851 German Herman Brunn visit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Australasian Gold Mine Disaster
The New Australasian No.2 Deep Lead Gold Mine, was a goldmine located in Creswick, Victoria, Australia, that is now infamous for being Australia's worst below-ground gold mining disaster. At 4:45am, Tuesday 12 December 1882, 29 miners became trapped underground by flood waters that came from the flooded parallel-sunk No.1 mine shaft, only five men survived and made it to the surface. Despite two days of frantic pumping and with other equipment transported from the monitor ship HMVS ''Cerberus'', the waters filled the mine shaft. The trapped men scrawled last notes to their loved ones on billy cans before they drowned. Some of these have been kept and still bear the messages, one can, on display in the Creswick Museum says, "We are all happy". The men that perished left 18 widows and 75 dependent children. Funerals and relief fund The funerals took place on 15 December and the procession of 4,000 was about long between the mine and Creswick cemetery. Many of the victims were or ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
