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Etzioni Brigade
The Etzioni Brigade (, ''Hativat Etzyoni''), also 6th Brigade and Jerusalem Brigade, is an infantry brigade of the Israel Defense Forces. It was founded in late 1947 as the Field Corps unit responsible for the defence of Jerusalem and its surroundings, where it operated during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War along with the Harel Brigade. Its first commander was Yisrael Amir, who was replaced by David Shaltiel. The brigade participated in operations in the city of Jerusalem itself, including Yevusi, Kilshon, the battles of Ramat Rachel, Kedem and Yekev. Founding and organization The Etzioni Brigade was founded as part of the Haganah command's November 7, 1947 decision to create four infantry brigades based on the HISH— Levanoni, Alexandroni, Givati and Etzioni. In all, three battalions were envisioned and two initially deployed: the 61st " Moriah" Battalion, and the 63rd " Mikhmas" Battalion. The 62nd " Beit Horon" Battalion was added in May 1948, and the 63rd was dis ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Reserve Duty (Israel)
In reserve duty (or reserve service; , ''Sherut Milu'im''), Israeli residents who have completed military service are assigned to the Israel Defense Forces' military reserve force to provide reinforcements during emergencies (war, military operations or natural disasters), and as a matter of routine course (e.g. for training, ongoing security and other activities). Some reservists are assigned to the same units they served in during their regular military service, and some are assigned to dedicated reserve units. Within the IDF's Personnel Directorate, the professional officer in charge of the reserve army is the Commander of Reserve Forces Corps (abbreviated קמל"ר; "Kamlar"), an officer with the rank of Brigadier General. For many years, reserve service had been implemented under the " Defense Service Law", but since 1 August 2008 it has been implemented mainly under the "Reserve Service Law". From 2004 onwards Israel has marked "Yom Miluim" ('' ationalReserve Day'') on t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Harel Brigade
The 10th "Harel" Brigade (, ''Hativat Harel'') is a reserve infantry brigade of the Israel Defense Forces, today part of the Southern Command. It played a critical role in the 1948 Palestine war. It is one of the former divisions of the Palmach, the elite fighting force of the Haganah, that remains in the IDF. History 1948 The Harel Brigade was established on 16 April 1948 as a division of the Palmach, immediately after Operation Nachshon. It was composed of three battalions, ''Sha'ar Hagai'' Battalion - known as the ; ''Ha-portzim'' Battalion - known as the ; and the ("Jerusalem Battalion"). 1,400 men, which had fought in Operation Nachshon in the Jerusalem area. Its name Harel ("Mountain of God") is taken from mount Zion in Jerusalem. This infantry unit was headed by Yitzhak Rabin, its first commander. He was later replaced by Joseph Tabenkin. During the early phase of the 1948 Palestine War, the Israeli war of independence, the Palmach units became tactical combat u ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moshe Zadok
Moshe Lehrer Tzadok (sometimes spelled Moshe Zadok; ; July 1, 1913 - March 15, 1964) was Haganah fighter and later an IDF major general, first head of the Manpower Directorate during the 1947–1949 Palestine war, and head of the Israeli Northern and Southern Command during the early 1950s. After retiring from the IDF, Tzadok became the head of the Division of Interior and Construction of the Ministry of Defense. Biography Tzadok was born on July 1, 1913, to Mendel and Nechama Lehrer in a small town of Żelechów near Radom, Poland. After completing his junior year, Tzadok continued his education in a vocational school sponsored by ORT in Warsaw, the capital of Poland. Tzadok became a Zionist from the age of 14 when he joined the Zionist youth movement in his hometown. In 1933 Tzadok immigrated to Israel. Soon after arriving in Israel he joined the Haganah. In 1936 he graduated from the Juara training base in Ramat Menashe, in northern Israel. During the early 1940s Tzado ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gadna (Israel)
Gadna () is an Israeli military program that prepares young people for conscription, military service in the Israel Defense Forces. It was established before the foundation of the State of Israel and was anchored in law in 1949. Today it is a one-week program of discipline and military training usually under commanders serving with the Nahal infantry brigade. Gadna hosts an estimated 19,000 Israeli youth annually, as well as numerous foreign youths. History Gadna, an abbreviation for ''Gdudei No'ar'' (; lit. ''youth battalions''), was an organization for youth created before the Israeli Declaration of Independence. Alongside preliminary training for military service, Gadna clubs taught Zionist history, promoted love of the Land of Israel and encouraged members to engage in farming and volunteerism. Social activities included readings of ideological material from Labor Zionist newspapers and publications. The program was established in the early 1940s by the Haganah, which becam ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Guard Corps (Haganah)
Heil Mishmar (abbreviated HIM; ) was the guard corps of the Haganah, a Jewish paramilitary organization in Mandatory Palestine. History HIM was founded in 1939, following the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine. It included mostly older and less healthy soldiers (usually between 35 and 50), while those who were able to participate in field combat were drafted into the Field Corps and later also Palmach. At the end of World War II World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the wo ..., the Guard Corps consisted of more than 30,000 members country-wide. It was responsible for guarding Jewish villages from attacks, especially from opposing Arab militias. References Haganah units {{israel-mil-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Beit Horon
Beit Horon () is a communal Israeli settlement in the West Bank. Bordering Route 443 between Modi'in and Jerusalem, the biblical pass of Beit Horon (Joshua 10:10), after which it is named, it falls under the jurisdiction of Mateh Binyamin Regional Council. In it had a population of . The international community considers Israeli settlements in the West Bank illegal under international law, but the Israeli government disputes this. History Beit Horon was established on 1 December 1977. According to ARIJ, Israel confiscated land from several surrounding Palestinian villages in order to construct Beit Horon: *1036 dunams were taken from Beitunia, for Beit Horon and Giv'at Ze'ev, *863 dunams were taken from Beit Ur al-Fauqa,Beit ‘Ur al Fauqa Village Profile ARIJ, p. 16 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Michmash
Michmas (; ) was an Israelite and Jewish town located in the highlands north of Jerusalem. According to the Hebrew Bible, it belonged to the Tribe of Benjamin. It was the setting of the biblical Battle of Michmash, recounted in 1 Samuel 14. Michmas was inhabited during the Second Temple period, when, according to the Mishnah, its fine wheat was brought to the Temple. Michmas is identified with the Palestinian village of Mukhmas in the West Bank, which preserves its ancient name. The nearby Israeli settlement Ma'ale Mikhmas, founded in 1981, is also named after the biblical town. Location Michmas was located near Geba, east of Bethel and south of Migron, and on the road to Jerusalem. Michmas lay on the line of march of an invading army from the north, on the north side of the steep and precipitous Nahal Michmas stream, known in Arabic as Wadi es-Suweinit ("valley of the little thorn-tree" or "the acacia"). Biblical account The town is known by its connection with the Ph ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Moriah
Moriah (Hebrew language, Hebrew: , ''Mōrīyya''; Arabic: ﻣﺮﻭﻩ, ''Marwah'') is the name given to a region in the Book of Genesis, where the binding of Isaac by Abraham is said to have taken place. Jews identify the region mentioned in Genesis and the specific mountain in which the near-sacrifice is said to have occurred with "Mount Moriah", mentioned in Books of Chronicles, the Book of Chronicles as the place where Solomon's Temple is said to have been built, and both these locations are also identified with the current Temple Mount in Jerusalem. The Samaritan Pentateuch, Samaritan Torah, on the other hand, transliterates the place mentioned for the binding of Isaac as Moreh, a name for the region near modern-day Nablus. It is believed by the Samaritans that the near-sacrifice actually took place on Mount Gerizim, near Nablus in the West Bank. Many Muslims, in turn, believe the place mentioned in the first book of the Bible, rendered as Safa and Marwa, Marwa in Arabic in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Givati Brigade
The 84th "Givati" Brigade () is an Israel Defense Forces infantry brigade formed in 1947. During the 1948 war, it was involved in capturing Palestinian villages in operations ''Hametz'', ''Barak'', and ''Pleshet''. Before Israel's 2005 withdrawal from Gaza, the Brigade was stationed within the Gaza Strip. Givati soldiers are designated by purple berets. The Brigade's symbol is the fox, alluding to Shualei Shimshon (שועלי שמשון, ''lit.'' "Samson's Foxes"), a unit in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Units * 84th Infantry Brigade "Givati" ** 424th Infantry Battalion "Shaked/Almond" ** 432nd Infantry Battalion "Tzabar/Cactus" ** 435th Infantry Battalion "Rotem/Broom" *** incl. Infantry Company "Tomer/ Date" – first observant Ultra-Orthodox–only unit in the IDF ** (846th) Patrol Battalion "Shualey shimshon/Samson's Foxes" ** 8170th Combat Engineer Battalion "Gadhan" (Reserve) ** Logistics Battalion "Givati" ** Signals Company "Maor/myrrh" History Givati ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexandroni Brigade
The 3rd "Alexandroni" Brigade (, ''Hativat Aleksandroni'') is an Israel Defense Forces brigade which has fought in many of Israel's wars. Organization * 3rd Infantry Brigade "Alexandroni" (Reserve) ** 7012th Infantry Battalion ** 8101st Infantry Battalion ** 9203rd Infantry Battalion ** (6609th) Reconnaissance Battalion "Alexandroni" ** 5280th Combat Engineer Battalion ** Logistic Battalion ** Signal Company Role in Tantura massacre During the 1948 Arab–Israeli War, around 40–200 Palestinian Arab villagers from Tantura were killed in a massacre perpetrated by the Alexandroni Brigade, which at the time was one of six field forces of the Haganah.Archived copy on 19 January 2025. The massacre, which took place on the night of 22–23 May 1948, occurred following the surr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Levanoni Brigade
Levanon () is Hebrew for Lebanon. It is also an Israel Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in West Asia. It Borders of Israel, shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the north-east, Jordan to the east, Egypt to the south-west, and the Mediterranean Sea to the west. Isr ...i family name. It may refer to the following people: * Haim Levanon (1899–1986), a mayor of Tel Aviv * Nehemiah Levanon (1915-2003), leader of Lishkat HaKesher (Nativ) * Yaacov Levanon (Bilansky) (1895–1965), an Israeli musician and composer References {{surname, Levanon; Levanoni Hebrew-language surnames Toponymic surnames Jews and Judaism in Lebanon Jewish toponymic surnames ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Haganah
Haganah ( , ) was the main Zionist political violence, Zionist paramilitary organization that operated for the Yishuv in the Mandatory Palestine, British Mandate for Palestine. It was founded in 1920 to defend the Yishuv's presence in the region, and was formally disbanded in 1948, when it became the core force integrated into the Israel Defense Forces shortly after the Israeli Declaration of Independence. Formed out of previous existing militias, Haganah's original purpose was to Intercommunal conflict in Mandatory Palestine, defend Jewish settlements against Arab attacks; this was the case during the Jaffa riots, 1921 Jaffa riots, the 1929 Palestine riots, the Jaffa riots (April 1936), 1936 Jaffa riots, and the 1936–1939 Arab revolt in Palestine, among others. The paramilitary was under the control of the Jewish Agency for Israel, Jewish Agency, the official governmental body in charge of Palestine's Jewish community during the British era. Until the end of World War II, H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
