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Etrog Award
The Canadian Film Awards were the leading Canadian cinema awards from 1949 until 1978. These honours were conducted annually, except in 1974 when a number of Quebec directors withdrew their participation and prompted a cancellation. In the 1970s they were also sometimes known as the Etrog Awards for sculptor Sorel Etrog, who designed the statuette. The awards were succeeded by the Academy of Canadian Cinema's Genie Awards in 1980; beginning in 2013 the Academy merged the Genie Awards with its separate Gemini Awards program for television to create the contemporary Canadian Screen Awards. History The award was first established in 1949 by the Canadian Association for Adult Education, under a steering committee that included the National Film Board's James Beveridge, the Canadian Foundation's Walter Herbert, filmmaker F. R. Crawley, the National Gallery of Canada's Donald Buchanan and diplomat Graham McInnes. The initial jury consisted of Hye Bossin, managing editor of ''Canad ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Film
A film, also known as a movie or motion picture, is a work of visual art that simulates experiences and otherwise communicates ideas, stories, perceptions, emotions, or atmosphere through the use of moving images that are generally, since the 1930s, synchronized with sound and (less commonly) other sensory stimulations. Etymology and alternative terms The name "film" originally referred to the thin layer of photochemical emulsion on the celluloid strip that used to be the actual medium for recording and displaying motion pictures. Many other terms exist for an individual motion-picture, including "picture", "picture show", "moving picture", "photoplay", and "flick". The most common term in the United States is "movie", while in Europe, "film" is preferred. Archaic terms include "animated pictures" and "animated photography". "Flick" is, in general a slang term, first recorded in 1926. It originates in the verb flicker, owing to the flickering appearance of early films ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gerald Pratley
Gerald Arthur Pratley (September 3, 1923 – March 14, 2011) was a Canadian film critic and historian. Piers Handling"Gerald Arthur Pratley" ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', September 18, 2011. A longtime film critic for the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, he was historically most noted as founder and director of the Ontario Film Institute, a film archive and reference library which was acquired by the Toronto International Film Festival in 1990 and became the contemporary Film Reference Library and TIFF Cinematheque. Born in London, England, Pratley emigrated to Canada in 1946 and joined the CBC two years later. For the CBC he hosted various radio shows about cinema, including ''The Movie Scene'', ''Music from the Films'' and ''Pratley at the Movies'', between 1948 and 1975. He was a writer for various publications including '' Variety'', ''Canadian Film Weekly'', ''Canadian Film Digest'', ''Hollywood Digest'' and ''Films in Review''. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cinema Of Quebec
The history of cinema in Quebec started on June 27, 1896 when the Frenchman Louis Minier inaugurated the first movie projection in North America in a Montreal theatre room. However, it would have to wait until the 1960s before a genuine Quebec cinema industry would emerge. Approximately 620 feature-length films have been produced, or partially produced by the Quebec film industry since 1943. Due to language and cultural differences between the predominantly francophone population of Quebec and the predominantly anglophone population of the rest of Canada, Quebec's film industry is commonly regarded as a distinct entity from its English Canadian counterpart. In addition to participating in Canada's national Genie Awards, the Quebec film industry also maintains its own awards ceremony, the Prix Iris (formerly known as Jutra). In addition, the popularity of homegrown French language films among Quebec audiences, as opposed to English Canadians' preference for Hollywood films, mea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Wendy Michener Award
The Wendy Michener Award was a Canadian film award, presented by the Canadian Film Awards from 1969 to 1978 as a special achievement award for outstanding artistic achievements in film.Paul Townend"Wendy Michener Award" ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', October 1, 2007. Origins The award was created in memory of Wendy Michener, an arts journalist and film critic who was the daughter of former Governor General Roland Michener and his wife Norah Michener, following her death in 1969. History The award's purpose varied, as it was sometimes presented for unspecified general artistic achievements and other times for specific individual films; it was most commonly, but not always, used to honour emerging filmmakers for their breakthrough works. At the 25th Canadian Film Awards in 1973, it was controversially awarded to film director Gilles Carle for "outstanding contribution to the Canadian Film Awards and the Canadian film industry", even though Carle had been one of the signatories t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1st Genie Awards
The 1st Genie Awards were presented on March 20, 1980, and honoured films released in 1979. Jay Scott, "Changeling wins Genie as year's best movie". ''The Globe and Mail'', March 21, 1980. Immediately after the 1978 Canadian Film Awards, which were nearly cancelled due to disputes and controversy, industry leaders met to design a new awards organization based on the academy system of industry nomination and secret ballot. Members of the Canadian Film Awards committee were skeptical about nominator qualifications, and about the motivations of those who wanted the academy system, fearing that they would imitate the American model and that big-budget commercial films would swamp Canadian films.Maria Topalovich, ''And the Genie Goes To...: Celebrating 50 Years of the Canadian Film Awards''. Stoddart Publishing, 2000. . pp. 117-199. After a year of discussion, it was agreed that 14 members of the CFA committee and 14 elected representatives from industry organizations would form a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ACTRA Awards
The ACTRA Awards are Canadian accolades presented since 1972 to celebrate excellence in cinema, television and radio industries."ACTRA" ''The Canadian Encyclopedia'', February 6, 2006. Initially it was organized and presented by the ACTRA, Alliance of Canadian Television and Radio Artists, which represented performers, writers and broadcast journalists, and were responsible for awarding the Nellie statuettes until 1986."Canada's new TV award makes debut". ''Toronto Star'', April 22, 1986. In 1987, they were taken over by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television to create the new Gemini Awards,"Last Nellie: Charlie Grant's War; Chaykin and Willoughby top actors in final ACTRAs". ''Montreal Gazette'', April 3, 1986. although ACTRA continued to present ''Nelli ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Newspapers
A newspaper is a Periodical literature, periodical publication containing written News, information about current events and is often typed in black ink with a white or gray background. Newspapers can cover a wide variety of fields such as politics, business, sports, art, and science. They often include materials such as opinion columns, weather forecasts, reviews of local services, Obituary, obituaries, birth notices, crosswords, editorial cartoons, comic strips, and advice columns. Most newspapers are businesses, and they pay their expenses with a mixture of Subscription business model, subscription revenue, Newsagent's shop, newsstand sales, and advertising revenue. The journalism organizations that publish newspapers are themselves often Metonymy, metonymically called newspapers. Newspapers have traditionally been published Printing, in print (usually on cheap, low-grade paper called newsprint). However, today most newspapers are also Electronic publishing, published on webs ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ottawa Journal
The ''Ottawa Journal'' was a daily broadsheet newspaper published in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, from 1885 to 1980. It was founded in 1885 by A. Woodburn as the ''Ottawa Evening Journal''. Its first editor was John Wesley Dafoe who came from the '' Winnipeg Free Press''. In 1886, it was bought by Philip Dansken Ross. The paper began publishing a morning edition in 1917. In 1919, the paper's publishers bought the ''Ottawa Free Press'', whose former owner, E. Norman Smith, then became editor with Grattan O'Leary. In 1959, it was bought by F.P. Publications. By then, the ''Journal'', whose readers tended to come from rural areas, was trailing the ''Ottawa Citizen'', its main competitor. The paper encountered labour problems in the 1970s and never really recovered. In 1980, it was bought by Thomson Newspapers and was closed on 27 August 1980. That left Southam Newspapers's ''Ottawa Citizen'' as the only major English-language newspaper in Ottawa ('' Le Droit'' remaining the o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
21st Canadian Film Awards
The 21st Canadian Film Awards were held on October 4, 1969 to honour achievements in Canadian film. The ceremony, attended by 1,200 people, was hosted by broadcaster Fred Davis (broadcaster), Fred Davis. As a result of 1968's selection process controversy, the judging process was revamped again. The pre-selection committees were dropped and one jury composed of an appointed member from each participating industry organization selected three nominees in each category, with the exception of Feature Films and Feature Crafts, which were chosen by an international jury.Maria Topalovich, ''And the Genie Goes To...: Celebrating 50 Years of the Canadian Film Awards''. Stoddart Publishing, 2000. . pp. 111-114. The most unusual characteristic of this year's competition was that no theatrical feature film was awarded. Several films whose directors had intended to submit them were not completed by the submission deadline, the few features which were submitted were deemed not of award-worthy qu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Television Film
A television film, alternatively known as a television movie, made-for-TV film/movie, telefilm, telemovie or TV film/movie, is a film with a running time similar to a feature film that is produced and originally distributed by or to a Terrestrial television, terrestrial or Cable television, cable television network, in contrast to theatrical films made for initial showing in movie theaters, Direct-to-video, direct-to-video films made for initial release on home video formats, and films released on or produced for Over-the-top media service, streaming platforms. In certain cases, such films may also be referred to and shown as a miniseries, which typically indicates a film that has been divided into multiple parts or a series that contains a predetermined, limited number of episodes. Origins and history Precursors of "television movies" include ''Talk Faster, Mister'', which aired on WABD (now WNYW) in New York City on December 18, 1944, and was produced by RKO Pictures, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Systemic Bias
Systemic bias is the inherent tendency of a process to support particular outcomes. The term generally refers to human systems such as institutions. Systemic bias is related to and overlaps conceptually with institutional bias and structural bias, and the terms are often used interchangeably. In systemic bias institutional practices tend to exhibit a bias which leads to the preferential treatment or advantage of specific social groups, while others experience disadvantage or devaluation. This bias may not necessarily stem from intentional prejudice or discrimination but rather from the adherence to established rules and norms by the majority. Systemic bias includes institutional, systemic, and structural bias which can lead to institutional racism, which is a type of racism that is integrated into the laws, norms, and regulations of a society or establishment. Structural bias, in turn, has been defined more specifically in reference to racial inequities as "the normalized and l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jay Scott
Jeffrey Scott Beaven (October 4, 1949 – July 30, 1993), known professionally by his pen name Jay Scott, was a Canadian film critic."Critic Jay Scott, 43 among world's best". ''Toronto Star'', July 31, 1993. Early life Scott was born in Lincoln, Nebraska and was raised in Albuquerque, New Mexico as a Seventh-Day Adventist, whose doctrine virtually prohibited movies. Scott studied art history at New College of Florida in Sarasota,"Globe's Jay Scott dies suddenly at 43: A rare film critic respected by all". ''The Globe and Mail'', July 31, 1993. and later took acting classes at the University of New Mexico.Barry Hertz, "Great Scott: In The Globe’s arts pages, film critic Jay Scott changed how Canadians consumed and talked about culture. In his personal life, the twists and tragedies were worthy of Hollywood". ''The Globe and Mail'', June 17, 2024. Career Moving to Canada in 1969 as a draft evader, he settled in Calgary and began writing film reviews for the '' Calgary Alberta ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
