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Ethocin
4-HO-DET, also known as 4-hydroxy-''N'',''N''-diethyltryptamine as well as ethocin or CZ-74, is a psychedelic drug of the tryptamine family. It is a substituted tryptamine, structurally related to psilocin, ethocybin, and 4-HO-DIPT. Use ''TiHKAL'' reports moderate effects at 10 to 25mg ingested orally. Effects 4-HO-DET produces psychedelic effects similar to psilocybin. Its duration is 4 to 6hours. Interactions Pharmacology The pharmacology of 4-HO-DET has been studied. Chemistry Analogues 4-HO-DET is the N,N-diethyl analog of psilocin. The acetic acid ester of 4-HO-DET is known as 4-AcO-DET and the phosphoric acid ester of 4-HO-DET is known as 4-phosphoryloxy-DET, CEY-19, or ethocybin. These compounds may likely be prodrugs of 4-HO-DET as has been shown with the acetate and phosphate esters of other methylated tryptamines such as psilocin. History 4-HO-DET received the lab code CZ-74 in the late 1950s by the inventors of the substance, Albert Hofmann and Franz Troxler. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ethocybin
Ethocybin (code name CEY-19), also known as 4-phosphoryloxy-''N'',''N''-diethyltryptamine (4-PO-DET), is a homologue of the mushroom alkaloid psilocybin, and a semi-synthetic psychedelic alkaloid of the tryptamine family. Pharmacology Ethocybin may be dephosphorylated in vivo to 4-HO-DET (ethocin), analogously to how psilocybin is metabolized to psilocin. This chemical reaction takes place under strongly acidic conditions or enzymatically by phosphatases in the body. 4-HO-DET acts as a partial agonist at the 5-HT2A serotonin receptor. History Albert Hofmann was the first to produce ethocybin, soon after his discovery of psilocin and psilocybin. It was first described by 1963. The drug was known under the code name CEY-19. Legal status United States Ethocybin is not controlled in the United States, but possession or sale may be considered illegal under the Federal Analog Act. Research Ethocybin has been studied as a treatment for several disorders since the early 1960s, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Oral Administration
Oral administration is a route of administration whereby a substance is taken through the Human mouth, mouth, swallowed, and then processed via the digestive system. This is a common route of administration for many medications. Oral administration can be easier and less painful than other routes of administration, such as Injection (medicine), injection. However, the onset of action is relatively low, and the effectiveness is reduced if it is not absorbed properly in the digestive system, or if it is broken down by digestive enzymes before it can reach the bloodstream. Some medications may cause gastrointestinal side effects, such as nausea or vomiting, when taken orally. Oral administration can also only be applied to conscious patients, and patients able to swallow. Terminology ''Per os'' (; ''P.O.'') is an adverbial phrase meaning literally from Latin "through the mouth" or "by mouth". The expression is used in medicine to describe a treatment that is taken orally (but not ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Psilocybin
Psilocybin, also known as 4-phosphoryloxy-''N'',''N''-dimethyltryptamine (4-PO-DMT), is a natural product, naturally occurring tryptamine alkaloid and Investigational New Drug, investigational drug found in more than List of psilocybin mushroom species, 200 species of mushrooms, with Hallucinogen, hallucinogenic and Serotonin, serotonergic effects. Effects include euphoria, changes in perception, a distorted sense of time (via brain desynchronization), and perceived spiritual experiences. It can also cause adverse reactions such as nausea and panic attacks. Its effects depend on set and setting and one's subject-expectancy effect, expectations. Psilocybin is a prodrug of psilocin. That is, the compound itself is biologically inactive but quickly converted by the body to psilocin. Psilocybin is transformed into psilocin by dephosphorylation mediated via phosphatase enzymes. Psilocin is structural analog, chemically related to the neurotransmitter serotonin and acts as a binding ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Riksdag
The Riksdag ( , ; also or , ) is the parliament and the parliamentary sovereignty, supreme decision-making body of the Kingdom of Sweden. Since 1971, the Riksdag has been a unicameral parliament with 349 members (), elected proportional representation, proportionally and serving, since 1994, fixed four-year terms. The 2022 Swedish general election is the most recent general election. The constitutional mandates of the Riksdag are enumerated in the ''Basic Laws of Sweden#Instrument of Government, Instrument of Government'' (), and its internal workings are specified in greater detail in the Riksdag Act ().Instrument of Government as of 2012. Retrieved on 16 November 2012. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alexander Shulgin
Alexander Theodore "Sasha" Shulgin (June 17, 1925 – June 2, 2014) was an American biochemist, broad researcher of synthetic psychoactive compounds, and author of works regarding these, who independently explored the organic chemistry and pharmacology of such agents—in his mid-life and later, many through preparation in his home laboratory, and testing on himself. He is acknowledged to have introduced to broader use, in the late 1970s, the previously-synthesized compound MDMA ("ecstasy"), in research psychopharmacology and in combination with conventional therapy, the latter through presentations and academic publications, including to psychologists; and for the rediscovery, occasional discovery, and regular synthesis and personal use and distribution, of possibly hundreds of Psychoactive drug, psychoactive compounds (for their Psychedelic drug, psychedelic and MDMA-like empathogenic bioactivity, bioactivities). As such, Shulgin is seen both as a pioneering and a controversi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hanscarl Leuner
Hanscarl Leuner (born 8 January 1919 in Bautzen - d. 22 June 1996 in Göttingen) was a German psychiatrist, psychotherapist and researcher. He is the founder of "Psycholytic Therapy" also known as Guided Affective Imagery (":de:Katathym Imaginative Psychotherapie, Katathym-Imaginativen Psychotherapie" in German) and is recognised in Germany as a pioneer in the scientific, research and psychotherapeutic application of Psychoactive drug, psychoactive substances in therapy, with the intent of analyzing the subconscious mind. Life Leuner expressed interest in the profession of psychotherapy soon after graduating from high school in 1939. He pursued a medical degree between 1939 and 1946 in Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt, University of Würzburg, Würzburg and University of Marburg, Marburg Universities, with an interruption due to a period of military service during World War II. Following his studies, Leuner undertook a training analysis with :de:Gustav Schmaltz, Gustav S ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Franz Troxler
Franz may refer to: People * Franz (given name) * Franz (surname) Places * Franz (crater), a lunar crater * Franz, Ontario, a railway junction and unorganized town in Canada * Franz Lake, in the state of Washington, United States – see Franz Lake National Wildlife Refuge Businesses * Franz Deuticke, a scientific publishing company based in Vienna, Austria * Franz Family Bakeries, a food processing company in Portland, Oregon * Franz-porcelains, a Taiwanese brand of pottery based in San Francisco Other uses * ''Franz'' (1971 film), a Belgian film * Franz (2025 film), an upcoming biographical film of Franz Kafka * Franz Lisp, a dialect of the Lisp programming language See also * Frantz (other) * Franzen (other) * Frantzen (other) Frantzen or Frantzén is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: * Allen Frantzen (born 1947/48), American medievalist * Björn Frantzén (born 1977), Swedish chef and restaurateur * Jean-Pierre Fran ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Albert Hofmann
Albert Hofmann (11 January 1906 – 29 April 2008) was a Swiss chemist known for being the first to synthesize, ingest, and learn of the psychedelic effects of lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). Hofmann's team also isolated, named and synthesized the principal psychedelic mushroom compounds psilocybin and psilocin. He authored more than 100 scientific articles and numerous books, including ''LSD: Mein Sorgenkind'' (''LSD: My Problem Child''). In 2007, he shared first place with Tim Berners-Lee on a list of the 100 greatest living geniuses published by ''The Daily Telegraph'' newspaper. Early life and education Albert Hofmann was born in Baden, Switzerland, on 11 January 1906. He was the first of four children to factory toolmaker Adolf Hofmann and Elisabeth ( Schenk) and was baptized Protestant. When his father became ill, Hofmann obtained a position as a commercial apprentice in concurrence with his studies. Owing to his father's low income, Albert's godfather paid for his e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME). Prodrugs are often designed to improve bioavailability when a drug itself is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. A prodrug may be used to improve how selectively the drug interacts with cells or processes that are not its intended target. This reduces adverse or unintended effects of a drug, especially important in treatments like chemotherapy, which can have severe unintended and undesirable side effects. History Many herbal extracts historically used in medicine contain glycosides (sugar derivatives) of the active agent, which are hydrolyzed in the intestines to release the active and more bioavailable aglycone. For example, sal ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phosphoric Acid
Phosphoric acid (orthophosphoric acid, monophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a colorless, odorless phosphorus-containing solid, and inorganic compound with the chemical formula . It is commonly encountered as an 85% aqueous solution, which is a colourless, odourless, and non- volatile syrupy liquid. It is a major industrial chemical, being a component of many fertilizers. The compound is an acid. Removal of all three ions gives the phosphate ion . Removal of one or two protons gives dihydrogen phosphate ion , and the hydrogen phosphate ion , respectively. Phosphoric acid forms esters, called organophosphates. The name "orthophosphoric acid" can be used to distinguish this specific acid from other " phosphoric acids", such as pyrophosphoric acid. Nevertheless, the term "phosphoric acid" often means this specific compound; and that is the current IUPAC nomenclature. Production Phosphoric acid is produced industrially by one of two routes, wet processes and dry. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
4-AcO-DET
4-AcO-DET, also known as 4-acetoxy-''N'',''N''-diethyltryptamine as well as ethacetin or ethylacybin, is a psychedelic tryptamine. It was first synthesized in 1958 by Albert Hofmann in the Sandoz lab.Erowid 4-Acetoxy-DET Vaults : Primer Accessed on April 19, 2007. Use and effects 4-Acetoxy-DET is orally active, and dosages of 10–25 mg are common. Effects last 4–6 hours. The free base is also active when smoked in a dose range of 5–20 mg. Smoking 4-acetoxy-DET greatly speeds up the onset; |
