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Escadrille 84
''Escadrille Spa.84'' (originally ''Escadrille N.84'') was a French fighter squadron active in World War I during 1917 and 1918. They were credited with destroying 24 German airplanes and one observation balloon. History ''Escadrille Spa.84'' was founded on 6 January 1917 at Ravenal, France. It was principally equipped with Nieuport 24s, though it had some SPAD S.7s. On 22 March, it was incorporated into ''Groupe de Combat 13'', posted to ''III Armee''. The ''groupe'' would be exchanged between armies half a dozen times during the course of the war.''Over the Front: The Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918'' By February 1918, the unit had become ''Escadrille Spa.84'' because it was wholly outfitted with SPAD 13 fighters. It was Mentioned in dispatches on 10 September 1918. By the Armistice on 11 November 1918, it was credited with destruction of 24 German airplanes and an observation balloon. Commanding office ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Roundel Of The French Air Force Before 1945
A roundel is a circular disc used as a symbol. The term is used in heraldry, but also commonly used to refer to a type of national insignia used on military aircraft, generally circular in shape and usually comprising concentric rings of different colours. Other symbols also often use round shapes. Heraldry In heraldry, a ''roundel'' is a circular charge (heraldry), charge. ''Roundels'' are among the oldest charges used in coat of arms, coats of arms, dating from at least the twelfth century. Roundels in British heraldry have different names depending on their tincture (heraldry), tincture. Thus, while a roundel may be blazoned by its tincture, e.g., ''a roundel vert'' (literally "a roundel green"), it is more often described by a single word, in this case ''pomme'' (literally "apple", from the French) or, from the same origins, ''pomeis''—as in "Vert; on a cross Or five pomeis" (a green field with a golden/yellow cross on which are drawn five green roundels/circles). One s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Units And Formations Disestablished In 1918
A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. Militaries are typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with their members identifiable by a distinct military uniform. They may consist of one or more military branches such as an army, navy, air force, space force, marines, or coast guard. The main task of a military is usually defined as defence of their state and its interests against external armed threats. In broad usage, the terms "armed forces" and "military" are often synonymous, although in technical usage a distinction is sometimes made in which a country's armed forces may include other paramilitary forces such as armed police. Beyond warfare, the military may be employed in additional sanctioned and non-sanctioned functions within the state, including internal security threats, crowd control, promotion of political agendas, emergency services and reconstruction, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Fighter Squadrons Of The French Air And Space Force
Fighter(s) or The Fighter(s) may refer to: Combat and warfare * Combatant, a person legally entitled to participate in hostilities during an armed conflict * Fighter aircraft, a warplane designed primarily for air-to-air combat ** Fighter pilot, a military aviator who pilots a fighter aircraft * Martial artist, a person who practices martial arts * Soldier, a person who is member of an army * Warrior, a person specializing in combat or warfare Film and television * The Fighter (1921 film), an American silent film directed by Henry Kolker * ''The Fighters'' (1939 film), a Soviet drama film directed by Eduard Pentslin * ''The Fighter'' (1952 film), an American film noir boxing film directed by Herbert Kline * ''The Fighters'' (1974 film), a documentary film directed by Rick Baxter and William Greaves * ''The Fighter'' (1983 film), a television movie starring Gregory Harrison and Glynnis O'Connor * ''Fighter'', a 1995 unrealized Indian film by Sanjay Gupta, starting Akshaye Khanna ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Norman Franks
Norman Leslie Robert Franks (1940 – 21 May 2023) was an English militaria writer who specialised in aviation topics. He focused on the pilots and squadrons of World Wars I and II. Biography Franks published his first book in 1976. He was an Organisation and Methods Officer with the Nationwide Building Society in London before he retired. He lived in Bexhill-on-Sea, East Sussex, with his wife Heather. They had two sons, Rob and Mike, and five grandchildren. He was a consultant for the Channel 4 television series ''Dogfight: The Mystery of the Red Baron''. His 1995 book on the Red Baron was published and reissued by three publishers. He was also one of the founding members of the Cross and Cockade society for World War I aviation historians, which was formed in 1970, and a member of Over the Front, the league of World War I aviation historians. In total, he authored over 120 books covering military aviation. Published works *Franks, Norman. ''Double Mission: Fighter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Omer Demeuldre
''Sous lieutenant'' Omer Paul Demeuldre (8 March 1892—3 May 1918) ''Légion d'honneur'', ''Médaille militaire'', ''Croix de Guerre'', Mentioned in Dispatches was a World War I French flying ace credited with 13 aerial victories. Early life Omer Paul Demeuldre was born on 8 March 1892 in Cambrai, France. World War I Demeuldre joined the French military in 1912. At the start of World War I, he was an aviation mechanic.The Aerodrome http://www.theaerodrome.com/aces/france/demeuldre.php Retrieved on 11 July 2010. He became an observer with Escadrille MF63, and on 7 September 1915, working the guns on a Maurice Farman, he scored his first victory. After two Mentions in Despatches, he was sent to pilot's training. He received Pilot's Brevet No. 4403 on 2 October 1916. Upon his return to his old unit as a pilot, he achieved his second win on 23 May 1917. In October 1917, he was reassigned to fly a Spad fighter with Escadrille 84. On the 30th of the month, he tallied his third t ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pierre Wertheim
''Capitaine'' Pierre Armand Wertheim, alias Pierre Armand Wertheimer, (17 March 1888 – 30 April 1971) was a French World War I flying ace credited with five aerial victories.The Aerodrome website page on WertheiRetrieved on 10 September 2020 Biography See also Aerial victory standards of World War I Pierre Armand Wertheim was born on 17 March 1888 in Paris.''Over the Front: The Complete Record of the Fighter Aces and Units of the United States and French Air Services, 1914–1918'', p. 227 He began his required military service on 7 October 1909, becoming an infantryman. On 24 September 1911, he was released to reserve duty. The start of World War I saw him recalled to duty. However, on 8 August 1914, he went to hospital. He returned to his regiment in a few days, being tasked as a machine gunner. He served in that role until 30 March 1916, when he was sent for pilot training. Wertheim graduated primary training with his Military Pilot's Brevet on 9 September 1916. After a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paul Gastin
Capitaine Paul Adrien Gastin (8 November 1886 - 23 August 1976) was a World War I French flying ace credited with six confirmed aerial victories and four probable ones. Having attained command of both a squadron and a wing, and reaching the rank of captain by war's end, he remained in service. After postings to Morocco and Tunisia, he rose to the rank of general. Biography See also Aerial victory standards of World War I Paul Adrien Gastin was born on 8 November 1886 in Avignon, Vaucluse, France. He began his mandated military service on 1 October 1907. After a couple of promotions within the enlisted ranks, he was commission (document), commissioned into the reserves as a Second lieutenant, Sous lieutenant on 1 April 1909. By the time the First World War began in 1914, and he was recalled to active duty, Gastin was a full lieutenant. Detached from the 9th Regiment de Chausseurs on 24 February 1915, he was posted to aviation duties. On 1 September 1915, his student pilot days we ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
French Air Service
The French Air and Space Force (, , ) is the air force, air and space force of the French Armed Forces. Formed in 1909 as the ("Aeronautical Service"), a service arm of the French Army, it became an independent military branch in 1934 as the French Air Force (). On 10 September 2020, it assumed its current name, the French Air and Space Force, to reflect an "evolution of its mission" into the area of outer space. The number of aircraft in service with the French Air and Space Force varies depending on the source; the Ministry of Armed Forces (France), Ministry of Armed Forces gives a figure of 658 aircraft in 2014. According to 2025 data, this figure includes 207 combat aircraft: 99 Dassault Mirage 2000 and 108 Dassault Rafale. the French Air and Space Force employs a total of 40,500 regular personnel, with a military reserve forces of France, reserve element of 5,187 in 2014. The Chief of Staff of the French Air and Space Force (CEMAAE) is a direct subordinate of the Chief of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
SPAD 13
The SPAD S.XIII is a French biplane fighter aircraft of the First World War, developed by ''Société Pour L'Aviation et ses Dérivés'' (SPAD) from the earlier and highly successful SPAD S.VII. During early 1917, the French designer Louis Béchereau, spurred by the approaching obsolescence of the S.VII, decided to develop two new fighter aircraft, the S.XII and the S.XIII, both using a powerful new geared version of the successful Hispano-Suiza 8A engine. The cannon armament of the S.XII was unpopular, but the S.XIII proved to be one of the most capable fighters of the war, as well as one of the most-produced, with 8,472 built and orders for around 10,000 more cancelled at the Armistice.Sharpe 2000, p. 272. By the end of the First World War, the S.XIII had equipped virtually every fighter squadron of the ''Aéronautique Militaire''. In addition, the United States Army Air Service also procured the type in bulk during the conflict, and some replaced or supplemented S.VIIs in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Groupe De Combat 13
A group is a military unit or a military formation that is most often associated with military aviation. Air and aviation groups The terms group and wing differ significantly from one country to another, as well as between different branches of a national defence force. Air groups vary considerably in size and status, but generally take two forms: * A unit of two to four squadrons, commanded by a lieutenant colonel, colonel, commander, naval captain or an equivalent rank. The United States Air Force (USAF), ''groupes'' of the French ''Armée de l'air'', ''gruppen'' of the German ''Luftwaffe'', United States Marine Corps Aviation, British Fleet Air Arm and some other naval air services usually follow this pattern. * A larger formation, often comprising more than 10 squadrons, commanded by a major general, brigadier general, commodore, rear admiral, air commodore or air vice-marshal. The air forces of many Commonwealth countries, such as the British Royal Air Force (RAF), f ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
