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Erythrolamprus Typhlus
''Erythrolamprus typhlus'', the blind ground snake or velvet ground snake, is a species of South American snake in the Family (biology), family Colubridae. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Bolivia. Classification ''Erythrolamprus typhlus'' belongs to the genus ''Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic analysis of Morphology (biology), morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus typhlus'' is now likely paraphyletic. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3242056 Erythrolamprus Reptiles described in 1758 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was the son of a curate and was born in Råshult, in the countryside of Småland, southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In the 1750s and 1760s, he co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Genus
Genus (; : genera ) is a taxonomic rank above species and below family (taxonomy), family as used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In binomial nomenclature, the genus name forms the first part of the binomial species name for each species within the genus. :E.g. ''Panthera leo'' (lion) and ''Panthera onca'' (jaguar) are two species within the genus ''Panthera''. ''Panthera'' is a genus within the family Felidae. The composition of a genus is determined by taxonomy (biology), taxonomists. The standards for genus classification are not strictly codified, so different authorities often produce different classifications for genera. There are some general practices used, however, including the idea that a newly defined genus should fulfill these three criteria to be descriptively useful: # monophyly – all descendants of an ancestral taxon are grouped together (i.e. Phylogeneti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Zweifeli
''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'', the braided ground snake or Zweifel's ground snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Venezuela and Trinidad. Classification ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' was previously considered to be a subspecies of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' and called ''Erythrolamprus reginae zweifeli''. However, based on notable differences in coloration and scale counts, it is now considered to be a separate species. This close relationship to ''Erythrolamprus reginae'', as well as the relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America, can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: Description ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' has either a salt-and-pepper dorsal pattern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Reginae
The royal ground snake (''Erythrolamprus reginae'') is a species of snake in the Family (biology), family Colubridae. The species is Endemism, endemic to northern South America. Classification ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' belongs to the genus ''Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic analysis of Morphology (biology), morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' is now likely paraphyletic. ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' was previously considered to be a subspecies of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' and called ''Erythrolamprus reginae zweifeli''. However, based on notable differences in coloration and scale counts, it is now considered to be a separate species. ''Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae'' of Tobago, named in 2019, was also previously considered to be part of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'', but is now s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Miliaris
The military ground snake (''Erythrolamprus miliaris'') is a species of snake in the family Colubridae, which is endemic to South America. Common names South American common names for ''E. miliaris'' include ''cobra-d'água'' (water snake) and ''cobra-lisa'' (smooth snake) in Portuguese, and simply ''culebra'' (snake) in Spanish. Taxonomy ''E. miliaris'' was originally described as ''Coluber miliaris'' by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. ''Erythrolamprus miliaris'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: Subspecies Five subspecies are recognized, including the nominotypical subspecies. *''Erythrolamprus miliaris amazonicus'' ( Dunn, 1922) *''Erythrolamprus miliaris chrysostom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Ceii
''Erythrolamprus ceii'' is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Bolivia and Argentina. Classification ''Erythrolamprus ceii'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ... Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3242029 Erythrolamprus Reptiles of Bolivia Reptiles of Argentina Reptiles described in 1991 Taxa named by James R. Dixon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Poecilogyrus
''Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus'' is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Argentina, Uruguay, Brazil, Venezuela, Bolivia, Guyana, Paraguay, and Peru. Classification ''Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical dat ... analysis of morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus poecilogyrus'' is now likely paraphyletic. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q110965591 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
ZooKeys
''ZooKeys'' is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal covering zoological taxonomy, phylogeny, and biogeography. It was established in 2008 and the founding editor-in-chief was Terry Erwin (Smithsonian Institution The Smithsonian Institution ( ), or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums, Education center, education and Research institute, research centers, created by the Federal government of the United States, U.S. government "for the increase a ...) until his death in 2020. In December 2023, Torsten Dikow was appointed the new editor-in-chief. It is published by Pensoft Publishers. ''ZooKeys'' provides all new taxa to the Encyclopedia of Life on the day of publication. Abstracting and indexing The articles published in the journal are indexed across a significant number of repositories. The content of the journal is archived in PubMed Central, CLOCKSS, Zenodo, Portico, Europe PMC, and Zendy, and indexed by a large number of industry leading indexer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to descendants, nor does it show how much they have changed, so many differing evolutionary trees can be consistent with the same cladogram. A cladogram uses lines that branch off in different directions ending at a clade, a group of organisms with a last common ancestor. There are many shapes of cladograms but they all have lines that branch off from other lines. The lines can be traced back to where they branch off. These branching off points represent a hypothetical ancestor (not an actual entity) which can be inferred to exhibit the traits shared among the terminal taxa above it. This hypothetical ancestor might then provide clues about the order of evolution of various features, adaptation, and other e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyletic
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic grouping (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term received currency during the debates of the 1960s and 1970s accompanying the rise of cladistics, having been coined by zoologist Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles), which is paraphyletic with respect to birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles and all descendants of that ancestor exc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Morphology (biology)
Morphology (from Ancient Greek μορφή (morphḗ) "form", and λόγος (lógos) "word, study, research") is the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features. This includes aspects of the outward appearance (shape, structure, color, pattern, size), as well as the form and structure of internal parts like bones and organs, i.e., anatomy. This is in contrast to physiology, which deals primarily with function. Morphology is a branch of life science dealing with the study of the overall structure of an organism or taxon and its component parts. History The etymology of the word "morphology" is from the Ancient Greek (), meaning "form", and (), meaning "word, study, research". While the concept of form in biology, opposed to function, dates back to Aristotle (see Aristotle's biology), the field of morphology was developed by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1790) and independently by the German anatomist and physiologist Karl Fried ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Phylogenetic
In biology, phylogenetics () is the study of the evolutionary history of life using observable characteristics of organisms (or genes), which is known as phylogenetic inference. It infers the relationship among organisms based on empirical data and observed heritable traits of DNA sequences, protein amino acid sequences, and morphology. The results are a phylogenetic tree—a diagram depicting the hypothetical relationships among the organisms, reflecting their inferred evolutionary history. The tips of a phylogenetic tree represent the observed entities, which can be living taxa or fossils. A phylogenetic diagram can be rooted or unrooted. A rooted tree diagram indicates the hypothetical common ancestor of the taxa represented on the tree. An unrooted tree diagram (a network) makes no assumption about directionality of character state transformation, and does not show the origin or "root" of the taxa in question. In addition to their use for inferring phylogenetic pa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
