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Erythrolamprus Miliaris
The military ground snake (''Erythrolamprus miliaris'') is a species of snake in the family Colubridae, which is endemic to South America. Common names South American common names for ''E. miliaris'' include ''cobra-d'água'' (water snake) and ''cobra-lisa'' (smooth snake) in Portuguese, and simply ''culebra'' (snake) in Spanish. Taxonomy ''E. miliaris'' was originally described as ''Coluber miliaris'' by Carl Linnaeus in 1758. ''Erythrolamprus miliaris'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: Subspecies Five subspecies are recognized, including the nominotypical subspecies. *''Erythrolamprus miliaris amazonicus'' ( Dunn, 1922) *''Erythrolamprus miliaris chrysostom ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné,#Blunt, Blunt (2004), p. 171. was a Swedish biologist and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the modern system of naming organisms. He is known as the "father of modern Taxonomy (biology), taxonomy". Many of his writings were in Latin; his name is rendered in Latin as and, after his 1761 ennoblement, as . Linnaeus was the son of a curate and was born in Råshult, in the countryside of Småland, southern Sweden. He received most of his higher education at Uppsala University and began giving lectures in botany there in 1730. He lived abroad between 1735 and 1738, where he studied and also published the first edition of his ' in the Netherlands. He then returned to Sweden where he became professor of medicine and botany at Uppsala. In the 1740s, he was sent on several journeys through Sweden to find and classify plants and animals. In the 1750s and 1760s, he co ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dipsadinae
Dipsadinae is a large subfamily of colubroid snakes, sometimes referred to as a family (Dipsadidae). Species of the subfamily Dipsadinae are found in most of the Americas, including the West Indies, and are most diverse in South America. There are more than 700 member species. Dipsadinae are an ecologically and morphologically diverse group of mostly small to moderate-sized snakes, typically less than in total length. Some are arboreal, but others are aquatic or terrestrial and may even burrow. Most are oviparous. Many eat frogs or lizards, and some consume mammals and birds. Several genera (e.g. '' Adelphicos'', '' Atractus'', '' Geophis'', '' Dipsas'', '' Ninia'', '' Sibon'', '' Sibynomorphus'', '' Tropidodipsas'') are specialized feeders on gooey and slimy prey, such as frog eggs, earthworms, snails, and slugs. Almost all species are completely harmless to humans, although a few genera (e.g. '' Borikenophis'', '' Cubophis'', '' Heterodon'', '' Hydrodynastes'', ''Philodryas'') ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Costa Rica
Costa Rica, officially the Republic of Costa Rica, is a country in Central America. It borders Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the northeast, Panama to the southeast, and the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, as well as Maritime boundary, maritime border with Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island. It has a population of around five million in a land area of nearly . An estimated people live in the capital and largest city, San José, Costa Rica, San José, with around two million people in the surrounding metropolitan area. The sovereign state is a Presidential system, presidential republic. It has a long-standing and stable Constitution of Costa Rica, constitutional democracy and a highly educated workforce. The country spends roughly 6.9% of its budget (2016) on education, compared to a global average of 4.4%. Its economy, once heavily dependent on agriculture, has diversified to include sectors such as finance, corporate services for foreign companies, pharmaceut ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Peru
Peru, officially the Republic of Peru, is a country in western South America. It is bordered in the north by Ecuador and Colombia, in the east by Brazil, in the southeast by Bolivia, in the south by Chile, and in the south and west by the Pacific Ocean. Peru is a Megadiverse countries, megadiverse country, with habitats ranging from the arid plains of the Pacific coastal region in the west, to the peaks of the Andes mountains extending from the north to the southeast of the country, to the tropical Amazon basin rainforest in the east with the Amazon River. Peru has Demographics of Peru, a population of over 32 million, and its capital and largest city is Lima. At , Peru is the List of countries and dependencies by area, 19th largest country in the world, and the List of South American countries by area, third largest in South America. Pre-Columbian Peru, Peruvian territory was home to Andean civilizations, several cultures during the ancient and medieval periods, and has one o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Epinephalus
''Erythrolamprus epinephalus'', the Fire-bellied snake, is a species of snake in the Colubridae family. It is found in Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, and Peru. The snake, which was described by Edward Drinker Cope in 1862, is notable for its apparent immunity to the toxic skin of the golden poison dart frog, which it preys upon. Classification ''Erythrolamprus epinephalus'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic analysis of morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus epinephalus'' is now likely paraphyletic, with respect to ''Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae'' of Tobago, named in 2019. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Breviceps
''Erythrolamprus breviceps'', the short ground snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Suriname, Brazil, Ecuador, Colombia, Bolivia, Peru, French Guiana, and Guyana. Classification ''Erythrolamprus breviceps'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram A cladogram (from Greek language, Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an Phylogenetic tree, evolutionary tree because it does not s ... below, based on molecular DNA analysis: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3242027 Erythrolamprus Reptiles of Bolivia Reptiles of Peru Reptiles described in 1860 Taxa named by Ed ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Zweifeli
''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'', the braided ground snake or Zweifel's ground snake, is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Venezuela and Trinidad. Classification ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' was previously considered to be a subspecies of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' and called ''Erythrolamprus reginae zweifeli''. However, based on notable differences in coloration and scale counts, it is now considered to be a separate species. This close relationship to ''Erythrolamprus reginae'', as well as the relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America, can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: Description ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' has either a salt-and-pepper dorsal pattern ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Reginae
The royal ground snake (''Erythrolamprus reginae'') is a species of snake in the Family (biology), family Colubridae. The species is Endemism, endemic to northern South America. Classification ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' belongs to the genus ''Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic analysis of Morphology (biology), morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' is now likely paraphyletic. ''Erythrolamprus zweifeli'' was previously considered to be a subspecies of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'' and called ''Erythrolamprus reginae zweifeli''. However, based on notable differences in coloration and scale counts, it is now considered to be a separate species. ''Erythrolamprus pseudoreginae'' of Tobago, named in 2019, was also previously considered to be part of ''Erythrolamprus reginae'', but is now s ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in South America. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by area, fifth-largest country by area and the List of countries and dependencies by population, seventh-largest by population, with over 212 million people. The country is a federation composed of 26 Federative units of Brazil, states and a Federal District (Brazil), Federal District, which hosts the capital, Brasília. List of cities in Brazil by population, Its most populous city is São Paulo, followed by Rio de Janeiro. Brazil has the most Portuguese-speaking countries, Portuguese speakers in the world and is the only country in the Americas where Portuguese language, Portuguese is an Portuguese-speaking world, official language. Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a Coastline of Brazil, coastline of . Covering roughly half of South America's land area, it Borders of Brazil, borders all other countries and ter ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Typhlus
''Erythrolamprus typhlus'', the blind ground snake or velvet ground snake, is a species of South American snake in the Family (biology), family Colubridae. It is found in Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Brazil, Peru, Ecuador, Paraguay, and Bolivia. Classification ''Erythrolamprus typhlus'' belongs to the genus ''Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. Recent phylogenetic analysis of Morphology (biology), morphological and molecular DNA evidence has shown that ''Erythrolamprus typhlus'' is now likely paraphyletic. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3242056 Erythrolamprus Reptiles described in 1758 Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Erythrolamprus Ceii
''Erythrolamprus ceii'' is a species of snake in the family Colubridae. The species is found in Bolivia and Argentina. Classification ''Erythrolamprus ceii'' belongs to the genus '' Erythrolamprus'', which contains over 50 species. The genus ''Erythrolamprus'' belongs to the subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end botanical subfamily names with "-oideae", and zo ... Dipsadinae, which is sometimes referred to as the family Dipsadidae. The relationships of ''Erythrolamprus'' species located in northern South America can be shown in the cladogram below, based on molecular DNA analysis: References {{Taxonbar, from=Q3242029 Erythrolamprus Reptiles of Bolivia Reptiles of Argentina Reptiles described in 1991 Taxa named by James R. Dixon ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Paraphyletic
Paraphyly is a taxonomic term describing a grouping that consists of the grouping's last common ancestor and some but not all of its descendant lineages. The grouping is said to be paraphyletic ''with respect to'' the excluded subgroups. In contrast, a monophyletic grouping (a clade) includes a common ancestor and ''all'' of its descendants. The terms are commonly used in phylogenetics (a subfield of biology) and in the tree model of historical linguistics. Paraphyletic groups are identified by a combination of synapomorphies and symplesiomorphies. If many subgroups are missing from the named group, it is said to be polyparaphyletic. The term received currency during the debates of the 1960s and 1970s accompanying the rise of cladistics, having been coined by zoologist Willi Hennig to apply to well-known taxa like Reptilia (reptiles), which is paraphyletic with respect to birds. Reptilia contains the last common ancestor of reptiles and all descendants of that ancestor exc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
