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Erica Terpstra
Erica Georgina Terpstra (born 26 May 1943) is a retired Dutch politician of the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD). Terpstra, a swimmer by occupation, participated in the 1960 and 1964 Summer Olympics. She was elected as a Member of the House of Representatives after the Dutch general election of 1977 serving from 8 June 1977 until 22 August 1994 when she became Undersecretary for Health, Welfare and Sport in the Cabinet Kok I serving from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998. After the Dutch general election of 1998 Terpstra returned to the House of Representatives serving from 19 May 1998 until 15 December 2003 when she was selected as President of the Dutch Olympic Committee*Dutch Sports Federation (NOC*NSF). Biography Swimming During the early 1960s Terpstra was a well-known freestyle swimmer in the Netherlands, specializing in the 100 meters. She participated in the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome where she came sixth in the 100m Freestyle, and fourth in the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Excellency
Excellency is an honorific style (manner of address), style given to certain high-level officers of a sovereign state, officials of an international organization, or members of an aristocracy. Once entitled to the title "Excellency", the holder usually retains the right to that courtesy throughout their lifetime, although in some cases the title is attached to a particular office and is held only during tenure of that office. Generally people addressed as ''Excellency'' are heads of state, heads of government, governors, ambassadors, Roman Catholic bishops, high-ranking ecclesiastics, and others holding equivalent rank, such as heads of international organizations. Members of royal families generally have distinct addresses such as Majesty, Highness, etc.. While not a title of office itself, the honorific ''Excellency'' precedes various titles held by the holder, both in speech and in writing. In reference to such an official, it takes the form ''His'' or ''Her Excellency''; in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Business Administration
Business administration is the administration of a commercial enterprise. It includes all aspects of overseeing and supervising the business operations of an organization. Overview The administration of a business includes the performance or management of business operations and decision-making, as well as the efficient organization of people and other resources to direct activities towards common goals. In general, "administration" refers to the broader management function, including the associated finance, personnel and MIS services. Administration can refer to the bureaucratic or operational performance of routine office tasks, usually internally oriented and reactive rather than proactive. Administrators, broadly speaking, engage in a common set of functions to meet an organization's goals. Henri Fayol (1841–1925) described these "functions" of the administrator as " the five elements of administration". According to Fayol, the five functions of management are pl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1998 Dutch General Election
General elections were held in the Netherlands on 6 May 1998.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1396 The elections saw the purple coalition of social democrats and liberals (left and right) strengthen its majority. Both the social democratic Labour Party (PvdA) and the conservative liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) won considerably, much at the cost of their junior coalition partner, the social liberal Democrats 66 (D66). Political observers attributed the win to the economic performance of the coalition, including the reduction of unemployment and the budget deficit, steady growth and job creation, combined with wage freezes and trimming of the welfare state, together with a policy of fiscal restraint. Inter-Parliamentary ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Kok Cabinet
The first Kok cabinet of the Netherlands, cabinet, also called the first Purple (government), Purple cabinet was the Executive (government), executive branch of the Politics of the Netherlands, Dutch government from 22 August 1994 until 3 August 1998. The cabinet was formed by the Social democracy, social-democratic Labour Party (Netherlands), Labour Party (PvdA), the Conservative liberalism, conservative-liberal People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), and the Social liberalism, social-liberal Democrats 66 after the 1994 Dutch general election, election of 1994. The cabinet was a Centrism, centrist grand coalition and had a substantial majority government, majority in the House of Representatives (Netherlands), House of Representatives with Leader of the Labour Party (Netherlands), Labour Leader Wim Kok serving as Prime Minister of the Netherlands, Prime Minister. Prominent People's Party for Freedom and Democracy, Liberal politician Hans Dijkstal served as Deputy Prime M ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ministry Of Health, Welfare And Sport (Netherlands)
The Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport (; VWS) is the Dutch Ministry responsible for public health, health care, quality of life, social work and sport. The Ministry was created in 1951 as the "Ministry of Social Affairs and Health" and had several name changes before it became the "Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport" in 1994. The Ministry is headed by the Minister of Health, Welfare and Sport, currently Fleur Agema (PVV), assisted by two state secretaries, currently Vicky Maeijer (PVV) and Vincent Karremans ( VVD). Organisation The ministry is currently headed by two Cabinet Ministers and one State secretary. The ministry's main office is located in the centre of The Hague. The civil service is headed by a secretary general and a deputy secretary general, who head a system of three directorates general: * Public Health, responsible for safety, prevention and sports * Health Care, responsible for care, medicine and health insurance * Youth and Welfare The ministry i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Undersecretary
Undersecretary (or under secretary) is a title for a person who works for and has a lower rank than a secretary (person in charge). It is used in the executive branch of government, with different meanings in different political systems, and is also used in other organizational settings. In government, the position may be a junior government minister (e.g. a parliamentary secretary) who assists a secretary of state. In other cases, the position may be a senior government official, frequently a career public servant, who typically acts as a senior administrator. The senior administrator may be considered a second-in-command to a politically appointed cabinet minister or other government official (e.g. in the United States), or they may be considered a head or chief executive of a government department (e.g. a permanent secretary). Some systems of government have both types of position, as in the United Kingdom where the title has been in use since the 17th century. France In ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1977 Dutch General Election
General elections were held in the Netherlands on 25 May 1977.Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) ''Elections in Europe: A data handbook'', p1396 The Labour Party (Netherlands), Labour Party remained the largest party, winning 53 of the 150 seats in the House of Representatives of the Netherlands, House of Representatives.Nohlen & Stöver, p1414 Following the election, it took 208 days of negotiations to form a new government. This was a European record for longest government formation that stood until after the 2010 Belgian general election. The Christian Democratic Appeal was formed by the Anti-Revolutionary Party (ARP), Christian Historical Union (CHU) and the Catholic People's Party (KVP) in 1976. The first joint party leader was a member of the KVP, Dries van Agt. Eventually a coalition was formed between the Christian Democratic Appeal and the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy with Dries van Agt as Prime Minister. Results By province References {{Dutch e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1964 Summer Olympics
The , officially the and commonly known as Tokyo 1964 (), were an international multi-sport event held from 10 to 24 October 1964 in Tokyo, Japan. Tokyo had been awarded the organization of the 1940 Summer Olympics, but this honor was subsequently passed to Helsinki due to Japan's invasion of China, before ultimately being cancelled due to World War II. Tokyo was chosen as the host city during the 55th IOC Session in West Germany on 26 May 1959. The 1964 Summer Games were the first Olympics held in Asia, and marked the first time South Africa was excluded for using its apartheid system in sports. Until 1960, South Africa had fielded segregated teams, conforming to the country's racial classifications; for the 1964 Games the International Olympic Committee demanded a multi-racial delegation to be sent, and after South Africa refused, they were excluded from participating. The country was, however, allowed to compete at the 1964 Summer Paralympics, also held in Tokyo, its ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1960 Summer Olympics
The 1960 Summer Olympics (), officially known as the Games of the XVII Olympiad () and commonly known as Rome 1960 (), were an international multi-sport event held from 25 August to 11 September 1960 in Rome, Italy. Rome had previously been awarded the administration of the 1908 Summer Olympics. However, following the eruption of Mount Vesuvius Mount Vesuvius#Eruptions in the 20th century, in 1906, the city had no choice but to decline and pass the honour to 1908 Summer Olympics, London. The Soviet Union won the most gold and overall medals at the 1960 Games. The 1960 Summer Paralympics, 1st Paralympic Games were held in Rome in conjunction with the 1960 Summer Olympics, marking the first time such events coincided. Host city selection On 15 June 1955, at the 50th List of IOC meetings#IOC Sessions, IOC Session in Paris, France, Rome won the right to host the 1960 Games, having beaten Brussels, Mexico City, Tokyo, Detroit, Budapest and finally Lausanne. Tokyo and Mexico City woul ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Swimming (sport)
Swimming is an individual or team Racing, racing sport that requires the use of one's entire body to move through water. The sport takes place in Swimming pool, pools or open water (e.g., in a sea or lake). Competitive swimming is one of the most popular Olympic sports, with varied distance events in Butterfly stroke, butterfly, backstroke, breaststroke, Freestyle swimming, freestyle, and individual medley. In addition to these individual events, four swimmers can take part in either a freestyle or medley Relay race, relay. A medley relay consists of four swimmers who will each swim a different stroke, ordered as backstroke, breaststroke, butterfly and freestyle. Swimming each stroke requires a set of specific techniques; in competition, there are distinct regulations concerning the acceptable form for each individual stroke. There are also regulations on what types of swimsuits, caps, jewelry and injury tape that are allowed at competitions. There are many health benefits to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Author
In legal discourse, an author is the creator of an original work that has been published, whether that work exists in written, graphic, visual, or recorded form. The act of creating such a work is referred to as authorship. Therefore, a sculptor, painter, or composer is considered the author of their respective sculptures, paintings, or musical compositions. Although in common usage, the term "author" is often associated specifically with the writer of a book, Article (publishing), article, Play (theatre), play, or other written work. In cases involving a work for hire, the employer or commissioning party is legally considered the author of the work, even if it was created by someone else. Typically, the first owner of a copyright is the creator of the copyrighted work, i.e., the author. If more than one person created the work, then joint authorship has taken place. Copyright laws differ around the world. The United States Copyright Office, for example, defines copyright as "a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lobbying
Lobbying is a form of advocacy, which lawfully attempts to directly influence legislators or government officials, such as regulatory agency, regulatory agencies or judiciary. Lobbying involves direct, face-to-face contact and is carried out by various entities, including individuals acting as Voting, voters, constituents, or private citizens, corporations pursuing their business interests, nonprofits and Non-governmental organization, NGOs through advocacy groups to achieve their missions, and legislators or government officials influencing each other in legislative affairs. Lobbying or certain practices that share commonalities with lobbying are sometimes referred to as government relations, or government affairs and sometimes legislative relations, or legislative affairs. It is also an Industry (economics), industry known by many of the aforementioned names, and has a near-complete overlap with the public affairs industry. Lobbyists may fall into different categories: amateur lo ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
