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Episageceratinae
Episageceratinae is a subfamily of the Medlicottiidae, a family of Prolecanitida, prolecanitid Ammonoidea, ammonites. The Episageceratinae, proposed by Ruzhencev, 1956, is based on the genus ''Episageceras'' previously included in the subfamily Medlicottiinae and lived during Lopingian, Late Permian and Early Triassic times. So far only three confirmed genera are included: ''Episageceras'', ''Latisageceras'', and ''Nodosageceras''. The type genus, ''Episageceras'', named by Noetling 1904, is defined in the Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Treatise (L74) as like Medlicottiinae, ''Medlicottia'' but with a broader shell and sutures with a smaller second lateral lobe. ''Latisageceras'' and ''Nodosageceras'' named by Ruzhencev 1956 are based on species of ''Episageceras''. J.P Smith, 1932 (USGS PP 167) included ''Episageceras'' in the Pronoritidae (p. 36) as a subgenus of ''Medlicottia''. References ;Notes ;Bibliography Prolecanitina"> Goniat >Prolecanitina 11/07/11 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medlicottiidae
Medlicottiidae is a family of ammonoid cephalopods belonging to the Prolecanitida, known from the Upper Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) to the Early Triassic. Characteristics Medlicottidae are characterized by discoidal to thinly lenticular shells and sutures with a narrow ventral lobe and a modified first lateral saddle. Taxonomy Subfamilies The Medlicottiide, established by Karpinsky in 1889, is by prevailing current perspective divided into five subfamilies. These are the Episageceratinae, Medlicottiinae, Propinacoceratinae, Sicanitinae, and Uddenitinae. The Artioceratinae and Miklukhoceratinae, sometimes included as well, are junior synonyms respectively for the Sicanitinae and Propinacoceratinae. Previously the Medlicottiidae were divided in part L of the Treatise, 1957, into just two subfamilies, the Uddenitinae introduced by Miller and Furnish in 1940 and the Medlicottinae revised from Karpinsky 1889. Higher taxa The Medlicottiidae are included in the superfamily Me ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Medlicottiinae
The Medlicottiinae is a subfamily of the Medlicottiidae, a family of ammonoid cephalopods included in the Prolecanitida, characterized by having discoidal to thinly lenticular shells with a retuse (grooved) venter and sutures with bifid auxiliary lobes. The Medlicottiinae classically included, by general consensus, the following five genera: ''Artinskia'', ''Eumedlicottia'', ''Medlicottia'', ''Neogeoceras'', and ''Syrdenites''. Of these only ''Artinskia'' and ''Medlicottia'', included in the Medlicottinae in the Treatise (Miller, Furnish, and Schindewolf, 1957) remain in Medlicottinae at present. ''Episageceras'', ''Propinacoceras'', and ''Sicanites'', then included, have become type genera respectively for the Episageceratinae, Propinacoceratinae, and Sicanitinae. ''Artinskia'' is the ancestral form, thought to be derived from ''Uddenoceras'' (Uddenitinae), which gave rise to the type genus ''Medlicottiia''. ''Medilicottia'' then gave rise to ''Eumedlicottia'' and ''Neogeoc ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Prolecanitida
Prolecanitida is an order of extinct ammonoid cephalopods with discoidal to thinly lenticular shells with goniatitic or ceratitic sutures and which retained the simple retrochoanitic siphuncle with backward extending septal necks. As typical for ammonoids the siphuncle is along the ventral margin. Prolecanitids form a relatively small and stable order within the Ammonoidea with 43 named genera and about 1250 species, but with a long-ranging lineage of about 108 m.y. stretching from the Lower Carboniferous to the Triassic. Although not as diverse as their goniatitid contemporaries, the Prolecanatida provided the stock from which all later Mesozoic ammonoids were derived. Evolution and phylogeny The origin of the Prolecanitida may be found in the Prolobitidae which was originally included in the Anarcestida but recently removed to the Goniatitida. Following their inception, the Prolecanitida divided into two lineages, identified by superfamilies; the earlier U Dev – M Perm P ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ammonoidea
Ammonoids are a group of extinct marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda. These molluscs, commonly referred to as ammonites, are more closely related to living coleoids (i.e., octopuses, squid and cuttlefish) than they are to shelled nautiloids such as the living ''Nautilus'' species. The earliest ammonites appeared during the Devonian, with the last species vanishing during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Ammonites are excellent index fossils, and linking the rock layer in which a particular species or genus is found to specific geologic time periods is often possible. Their fossil shells usually take the form of planispirals, although some helically spiraled and nonspiraled forms (known as heteromorphs) have been found. The name "ammonite", from which the scientific term is derived, was inspired by the spiral shape of their fossilized shells, which somewhat resemble tightly coiled rams' horns. Pliny the Elder ( 79 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lopingian
The Lopingian is the uppermost series/last epoch of the Permian. It is the last epoch of the Paleozoic. The Lopingian was preceded by the Guadalupian and followed by the Early Triassic. The Lopingian is often synonymous with the informal terms late Permian or upper Permian. The name was introduced by Amadeus William Grabau in 1931 and derives from Leping, Jiangxi in China. It consists of two stages/ages. The earlier is the Wuchiapingian and the later is the Changhsingian. The International Chronostratigraphic Chart (v2018/07) provides a numerical age of 259.1 ±0.5 Ma. If a Global Boundary Stratotype Section and Point (GSSP) has been approved, the lower boundary of the earliest stage determines numerical age of an epoch. The GSSP for the Wuchiapingian has a numerical age of 259.8 ± 0.4 Ma. Evidence from Milankovitch cycles suggests that the length of an Earth day during this epoch was approximately 22 hours. The Lopingian ended with the Permian–Triassic extinctio ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Treatise On Invertebrate Paleontology
The ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology'' (or ''TIP'') published by the Geological Society of America and the University of Kansas Press, is a definitive multi-authored work of some 50 volumes, written by more than 300 paleontologists, and covering every phylum, class, order, family, and genus of fossil and extant (still living) invertebrate animals. The prehistoric invertebrates are described as to their taxonomy, morphology, paleoecology, stratigraphic and paleogeographic range. However, taxa with no fossil record whatsoever have just a very brief listing. Publication of the decades-long ''Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology'' is a work-in-progress; and therefore it is not yet complete: For example, there is no volume yet published regarding the post-Paleozoic era caenogastropods (a molluscan group including the whelk and periwinkle). Furthermore, every so often, previously published volumes of the ''Treatise'' are revised. Evolution of the project Raymond C. Moor ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Permian Ammonites
The Permian ( ) is a geologic period The geologic time scale, or geological time scale, (GTS) is a representation of time based on the rock record of Earth. It is a system of chronological dating that uses chronostratigraphy (the process of relating strata to time) and geochro ... and stratigraphic system which spans 47 million years from the end of the Carboniferous Period million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Triassic Period 251.9 Mya. It is the last period of the Paleozoic Era; the following Triassic Period belongs to the Mesozoic Era. The concept of the Permian was introduced in 1841 by geologist Sir Roderick Murchison, who named it after the Perm Governorate, region of Perm in Russia. The Permian witnessed the diversification of the two groups of amniotes, the synapsids and the Sauropsida, sauropsids (reptiles). The world at the time was dominated by the supercontinent Pangaea, which had formed due to the collision of Euramerica and Gondwana during the C ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
