Epic-Puranic Royal Genealogies
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Epic-Puranic Royal Genealogies
The Itihasa-Purana, the Epic-Puranic narratives of the Sanskrit Epics (Mahabharata and the Ramayana) and the Puranas, contain royal genealogies of the lunar dynasty and solar dynasty which are regarded by Indian traditions as historic events, and used in the Epic-Puranic chronology to establish a traditional timeline of Indian history. Cyclic time and ''yugas'' The ''Puranas'' are oriented at a cyclical understanding of time. They contain stories about the creation and destruction of the world, and the ''yugas'' (ages). There are four ''yugas'' in one cycle: * ''Satya Yuga'' (a time of truth and righteousness) * ''Treta Yuga'' * ''Dvapara Yuga'' * ''Kali Yuga'' (a time of darkness and non-virtue) According to the ''Manusmriti'' ( 2nd CE), one of the earliest known texts describing the ''yugas'', the length of each ''yuga'' is 4800, 3600, 2400 and 1200 years of the gods, respectively, giving a total of 12,000 divine years to complete one cycle. For human years, they are multi ...
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Itihasa-Purana
In Hinduism, Itihasa-Purana, also called the fifth Veda, refers to the traditional accounts of cosmogeny, myths, royal genealogies of the lunar dynasty and solar dynasty, and legendary past events, as narrated in the ''Itihasa'' (Mahabharata and the Ramayana) and the Puranas. They are highly influential in Indian culture, and many classical Indian poets derive the plots of their poetry and drama from the Itihasa. The Epic-Puranic chronology derived from the ''Itihasa-Purana''is an influential frame of reference in traditional Indian thought. Etymology ''Itihāsa'', इतिहास, derived from the phrase ''iti ha āsa'' , which means "so indeed it was". ''Puranas'', ; , ' literally means "ancient, old." Characterisation Itihasa refers to the Sanskrit Epics of the Mahabharata and the Ramayana. The Puranas are a vast genre of Hindu literature about a wide range of topics, particularly about cosmogony, myths, legends and purported history. Together they are also called t ...
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Solar Dynasty
The Solar dynasty or (; ), also called the Ikshvaku dynasty, is a legendary Indian dynasty said to have been founded by Ikshvaku. In Hindu texts, Hindu literature, it ruled the Kosala Kingdom, with its capital at Ayodhya (Ramayana), Ayodhya, and later at Shravasti. They worshipped their Kuladevata, clan deity, Surya (a Hindu solar deity), after whom the dynasty is named. Along with the Lunar dynasty, the Solar dynasty comprises one of the main lineages of the Kshatriya Varna (Hinduism), varna in Hinduism. According to Jain literature, the first ''Tirthankara'' of Jainism, Rishabhanatha himself, was King Ikshvaku. Twenty-one further ''Tirthankaras'' were born in this dynasty. According to Buddhist literature, Gautama Buddha descended from the this dynasty. The important personalities belonging to this royal house are Mandhatri, Muchukunda, Ambarisha, Bharata (Jainism), Bharata, Bahubali, Harishchandra, Dilīpa, Sagara (Vedic king), Sagara,
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Sarayu River (Ayodhya)
The Ghaghara River, also known as the Karnali River in Nepal, Mapcha Tsangpo in Tibet, and as the Sarayu River in the lower Ghaghara of India's Awadh, is a Perennial stream, perennial trans-boundary river that originates in the northern slopes of the Himalayas in the Tibetan Plateau, cuts through the Himalayas in Nepal and joins the Sharda River at Brahmaghat in India. Together they form the Ghaghara River, a major left-bank tributary of the Ganges. With a length of , it is the longest river in Nepal. The total length of the Ghaghara up to its confluence with the Ganges at Revelganj in Bihar is . It is the largest tributary of the Ganges by volume and the second largest by length after Yamuna. Course The Karnali rises in the northern slopes of the Himalayas in Tibet, in the glaciers of Mapchachungo, at an elevation of about above sea level. The river flows south through one of the most remote and least explored areas of Nepal as the Karnali River. The Seti River drains ...
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Shraddhadeva Manu
Vaivasvata Manu (), also referred to as Shraddhadeva and Satyavrata, is the current Manu—the progenitor of the human race. He is the seventh of the 14 Manus of the current kalpa (aeon) of Hindu cosmology. In the Jain religion he is also known as Nabhiraja, the father of Rishabhanatha and the last Kulakara. He is the son of Vivasvan (also known as Surya), the Sun god, and his wife Saranyu. Forewarned about the divine flood by the Matsya avatara of Vishnu, Manu saved mankind by building a boat that carried his family and the Saptarishi to safety. He was one of the wielders of Asi the primordial sword. Ancestry According to the Puranas, the genealogy of Shraddhadeva is as follows: # Brahma. # Marichi, one of the 10 Prajapatis created by Brahma. # Kashyapa, son of Marichi and his thirteen wives, among which Kala is prominent. Kashyapa is regarded as one of the progenitors of humanity. # Vivasvat or Surya, son of Kashyapa and Aditi. # Vaivasvata Manu, because he is th ...
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Ikshvaku
Ikshvaku (Sanskrit ; Pāli: ) is a legendary king in Indian religions, particularly Hindu and Jain scriptures Jain literature () refers to the literature of the Jain religion. It is a vast and ancient literary tradition, which was initially transmitted orally. The oldest surviving material is contained in the canonical ''Jain Agamas'', which are wri .... In Hinduism, he is described to be the first king of the Kosala Kingdom, and was one of the ten sons of Shraddhadeva Manu, the first man on the earth. He was the founder and first king of the Ikshvaku dynasty, also known as the Suryavamsha, in the kingdom of Kosala, which also historically existed in ancient India. He had a hundred sons, among whom the eldest was Vikukshi. Another son of Ikshvaku's, named Nimi (Vedic king), Nimi, founded the Kingdom of the Videhas. Rama, Mahavira, and the Gautama Buddha in Hinduism, Buddha are also stated to have belonged to the Suryavamsha or Ikshvaku dynasty. Origin From Kashyapa, th ...
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Vaivasvata Manu
Vaivasvata Manu (), also referred to as Shraddhadeva and Satyavrata, is the current Manu—the progenitor of the human race. He is the seventh of the 14 Manus of the current kalpa (aeon) of Hindu cosmology. In the Jain religion he is also known as Nabhiraja, the father of Rishabhanatha and the last Kulakara. He is the son of Vivasvan (also known as Surya), the Sun god, and his wife Saranyu. Forewarned about the divine flood by the Matsya avatara of Vishnu, Manu saved mankind by building a boat that carried his family and the Saptarishi to safety. He was one of the wielders of Asi the primordial sword. Ancestry According to the Puranas, the genealogy of Shraddhadeva is as follows: # Brahma. # Marichi, one of the 10 Prajapatis created by Brahma. # Kashyapa, son of Marichi and his thirteen wives, among which Kala is prominent. Kashyapa is regarded as one of the progenitors of humanity. # Vivasvat or Surya, son of Kashyapa and Aditi. # Vaivasvata Manu, because he is the son ...
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List Of Flood Myths
Flood myths are common across a wide range of cultures, extending back into Bronze Age and Neolithic prehistory. These accounts depict a flood, sometimes global in scale, usually sent by a deity or deities to destroy civilization as an act of divine retribution. Africa Although the continent has relatively few flood legends, African cultures preserving an oral tradition of a flood include the Kwaya people, Kwaya, Mbuti, Maasai people, Maasai, Mandin, and Yoruba people, Yoruba peoples. Egypt Floods were seen as beneficial in Ancient Egypt. However, one flood myth in Egyptian mythology involves the god Ra transforms his daughter Hathor into Sekhmet and sends her to destroy part of humanity for their disrespect and unfaithfulness. The story goes that she became overenthusiastic in her bloodlust so Ra instructed the people to pour out wine, and beer dyed with red ochre. Thinking it was more blood, Sekhmet drank it causing her to pass out and her slaughter ceased. This was commemorat ...
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Prithu
Prithu (Sanskrit: पृथु, ''Pṛthu'', lit. "large, great, important, abundant") is a sovereign ( chakravarti), featured in the Puranas. According to Hinduism, he is an avatar (incarnation) of the preserver god—Vishnu. He is also called Prithu, Prithi and Prithvi Vainya, literally, "Prithu — the son of Vena". Prithu is "celebrated as the first consecrated king, from whom the earth received her (Sanskrit) name, Prithvi." He is mainly associated with the legend of his chasing the earth goddess, Prithvi, who fled in the form of a cow and eventually agreed to yield her milk as the world's grain and vegetation. The epic Mahabharata, Vishnu Purana, and the Bhagavata Purana describe him as a part-avatar (incarnation) of Vishnu.Singh p.1713 Legends The birth of Prithu is without female reproduction. Thus being a ''ayonija'' ("born without (the participation) of the yoni"), Prithu is untouched by desire and ego and can thus control his senses to rule with dharma. ...
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Varaha
Varaha (, , "boar") is the avatar of the Hinduism, Hindu god Vishnu, in the form of a wild boar, boar. Varaha is generally listed as third in the Dashavatara, the ten principal avatars of Vishnu. In legend, when the demon Hiranyaksha steals the earth goddess Bhumi (goddess), Bhumi and hid her in the primordial waters, Vishnu appears as Varaha to rescue her. Varaha kills Hiranyaksha and retrieves the earth from the cosmic ocean, lifting her on his tusks, and restores her to her place in the universe. Varaha is depicted as a boar or in an anthropomorphic form, with a boar's head and the human body. Varaha often depicted lifing his consort Bhumi, the earth. Etymology and other names The deity Varaha derives its name from the Sanskrit word ''varaha'' (Devanagari: वराह, ) meaning "boar" or "wild boar". The word ''varāha'' is from Proto-Indo-Iranian language, Proto-Indo-Iranian term ''warāȷ́ʰá'', meaning boar. It is thus related to Avestan ''varāza'', Kurdish lan ...
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