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Eomecon
''Eomecon'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants in the poppy family containing the single species ''Eomecon chionantha''. Its common names include snow-poppy and dawn-poppy. It is native to China. This perennial herb produces stolons from its branching rootstock, spreading to form patches on the ground. Its roots are orange. The leaves are all basal, borne on bluish petioles up to 30 centimeters long. The leaf blades are heart-shaped or kidney-shaped, with wavy, scalloped edges. They are greenish, sometimes with a purple tinge on the undersides. They are up to 26 centimeters long by 20 wide. The scape is blue-gray with a mauve tint. It grows up to 40 centimeters tall and bears 3 to 5 flowers. The flower bud is about a centimeter long and pointed. The open flower has two membranous sepals that join to form a spathe. The four white petals are up to 2.5 centimeters long and are arranged in two layers. At the center of the flower are over 70 stamens with yellow anthers. The fr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papaveraceae
The Papaveraceae, informally known as the poppy family, are an economically important family (biology), family of about 42 genera and approximately 775 known species of flowering plants in the order Ranunculales. The family is cosmopolitan distribution, cosmopolitan, occurring in temperate and subtropical climates (mostly in the northern hemisphere) like Eastern Asia as well as California in North America. It is almost unknown in the tropics. Most are herbaceous plants, but a few are shrubs and small trees. The family currently includes two groups that have been considered to be separate families: Fumariaceae and Pteridophyllaceae. ''Papaver'' is the classical name for poppy in Latin. Description Papaveraceae are known for diverse and colorful flowers with distinctive sepals. The plants may be annual, biennial, or perennial. Usually herbaceous, a few species form shrubs or evergreen trees. All parts contain a well-developed system of latex ducts called "laticifers", that prod ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papaveroideae
Papaveroideae is a subfamily of the family Papaveraceae (the poppy family). Genera * Subfamily Papaveroideae Eaton :* Tribe Eschscholzieae Baill. ::* '' Dendromecon'' Benth. – California. ::* '' Eschscholzia'' Cham. – Western North America. ::* '' Hunnemannia'' Sweet – Eastern Mexico. :* Tribe Chelidonieae Dumort. :: ::* '' Bocconia'' L. – Central and southern America, Antilles ::* ''Chelidonium'' L. – Eurasia ::* '' Dicranostigma'' Hook.f. & Thomson – Central Asia ::* '' Eomecon'' Hance – Eastern China ::* '' Glaucium'' Mill. – Europe to Central Asia ::* '' Hylomecon'' Maxim. – Eastern Asia ::* '' Macleaya'' R.Br. – Eastern Asia ::* ''Sanguinaria'' L. – Eastern North America ::* '' Stylophorum'' Nutt. – Eastern North America, Eastern Asia :* Tribe Platystemoneae Spach ::* '' Hesperomecon'' Greene – Western North America ::* '' Meconella'' Nutt. – Western North America ::* '' Platystemon'' Benth. – Western North America :* Tribe Papavereae ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Henry Fletcher Hance
Henry Fletcher Hance (4 August 1827 – 22 June 1886) was a British diplomat who devoted his spare time to the study of Chinese plants. Born in Brompton, London, his first appointment was to Hong Kong in 1844. In May 1852 in Exeter he married his first wife Anne Edith Baylis, who accompanied him on his return to Hong Kong. He later became vice-consul (1861–1878) to Huangpu District, Guangzhou, Whampoa, consul (1878–1881) to Guangzhou, Canton, and finally consul to Xiamen, where he died in 1886. In 1873, Hance published a supplement to George Bentham's 1861 He graduated as Philosophiae Doctor from the University of Giessen on 24 November 1849, during which time he was in China. He found, named and described (in Latin) ''Iris speculatrix'' in 1875. He was the taxonomic authority, taxonomic author of many plants. In 1857 Berthold Carl Seemann named the genus ''Hancea'' (family Euphorbiaceae) in his honour. In 1878 Hance was elected a fellow of the Linnean Society of London. Spe ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Intermediate Host
In biology and medicine, a host is a larger organism that harbours a smaller organism; whether a parasitic, a mutualistic, or a commensalist ''guest'' (symbiont). The guest is typically provided with nourishment and shelter. Examples include animals playing host to parasitic worms (e.g. nematodes), cells harbouring pathogenic (disease-causing) viruses, or a bean plant hosting mutualistic (helpful) nitrogen-fixing bacteria. More specifically in botany, a host plant supplies food resources to micropredators, which have an evolutionarily stable relationship with their hosts similar to ectoparasitism. The host range is the collection of hosts that an organism can use as a partner. Symbiosis Symbiosis spans a wide variety of possible relationships between organisms, differing in their permanence and their effects on the two parties. If one of the partners in an association is much larger than the other, it is generally known as the host. In parasitism, the parasite benefits ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Monotypic Papaveraceae Genera
In biology, a monotypic taxon is a taxonomic group (taxon) that contains only one immediately subordinate taxon. A monotypic species is one that does not include subspecies or smaller, infraspecific taxa. In the case of genera, the term "unispecific" or "monospecific" is sometimes preferred. In botanical nomenclature, a monotypic genus is a genus in the special case where a genus and a single species are simultaneously described. Theoretical implications Monotypic taxa present several important theoretical challenges in biological classification. One key issue is known as "Gregg's Paradox": if a single species is the only member of multiple hierarchical levels (for example, being the only species in its genus, which is the only genus in its family), then each level needs a distinct definition to maintain logical structure. Otherwise, the different taxonomic ranks become effectively identical, which creates problems for organizing biological diversity in a hierarchical system. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Zhong Yao Cai = Zhongyaocai = Journal Of Chinese Medicinal Materials
Zhong can refer to * Zhong (surname), pinyin romanization of Chinese surnames including , etc. * Zhong County, a county of Chongqing, China * Zhongjian River, a river in Hubei, China * Bianzhong, a Chinese musical instrument similar to a bell * Cha zhong, a 3-piece tea brewing vessel, also known as a ''gaiwan'' * The Mean , concept of Chinese philosophy (see ''Doctrine of the Mean'') * Loyalty, one of the precepts in Confucianism. See also * Chong (other) Chong may refer to: * Emperor Chong of Han, emperor of the Chinese Han Dynasty and the ninth emperor of the Eastern Han period (143-145) * Chong (surname), the romanization of several Chinese and Korean surnames * Chong or Pear people of Thailand ... * 中 {{disambiguation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Protopine
Protopine is an alkaloid occurring in opium poppy, ''Corydalis'' tubers and other plants of the family papaveraceae, like ''Fumaria officinalis''. Protopine is metabolically derived from the Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids, benzylisoquinoline alkaloid (''S'')-Reticuline through a progressive series of five enzymatic transformations: 1) BBE-like enzymes, berberine bridge enzyme to Scoulerine, (''S'')-Scoulerine; 2) (S)-cheilanthifoline synthase, (''S'')-cheilanthifoline synthase/CYP719A25 to (S)-cheilanthifoline, (''S'')-Cheilanthifoline; 3) (S)-stylopine synthase, (''S'')-stylopine synthase/CYP719A20 to (''S'')-Stylopine; 4) (''S'')-tetrahydroprotoberberine ''N''-methyltransferase to (''S'')-''cis''-''N''-Methylstylopine; and ultimately, 5) ''N''-methylstylopine hydroxylase to protopine. It has been found to inhibit histamine H1 receptors and platelet aggregation, and acts as an analgesic. See also * Protopine 6-monooxygenase * Cryptopine * Bürgi-Dunitz angle References < ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Chelerythrine
Chelerythrine is a benzophenanthridine alkaloid present in the plant '' Chelidonium majus'' (greater celandine). It is a potent, selective, and cell-permeable protein kinase C inhibitor ''in vitro''. And an efficacious antagonist of G-protein-coupled CB1 receptors. This molecule also exhibits anticancer qualities and it has served as a base for many potential novel drugs against cancer. Structurally, this molecule has two distinct conformations, one being a positively charged iminium form, and the other being an uncharged form, a pseudo-base. It is also found in the plants '' Zanthoxylum clava-herculis'' and '' Zanthoxylum rhoifolium'', exhibiting antibacterial activity against ''Staphylococcus aureus'' and other human pathogens. Research Antibacterial agent Chelerythrine is a potent antibacterial agent that has aided in dealing with the emergence of antibacterial resistant bacteria. This molecule has the ability to disrupt a bacteria's cell wall and cell membrane, as well ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sanguinarine
Sanguinarine is a polycyclic quaternary alkaloid. It is extracted from some plants, including the bloodroot plant, from whose scientific name, ''Sanguinaria canadensis,'' its name is derived; the Mexican prickly poppy (''Argemone mexicana''); ''Chelidonium majus;'' and ''Macleaya cordata.'' Toxicity Sanguinarine is a toxin that kills animal cells through its action on the Na+/K+-ATPase, Na+/K+-ATPase transmembrane protein. Epidemic dropsy is a disease that results from ingesting sanguinarine. If applied to the skin, sanguinarine may cause a massive scab of dead flesh where it killed the cells where it was applied, called an ''eschar''. For this reason, sanguinarine is termed an escharotic. It is said to be 2.5 times more toxic than dihydrosanguinarine. Alternative medicine Native Americans once used sanguinarine in the form of bloodroot as a medical remedy, believing it had curative properties as an emetic, respiratory aid, and for a variety of ailments. In Colonial America ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a broad class of natural product, naturally occurring organic compounds that contain at least one nitrogen atom. Some synthetic compounds of similar structure may also be termed alkaloids. Alkaloids are produced by a large variety of organisms including bacteria, fungus, fungi, Medicinal plant, plants, and animals. They can be purified from crude extracts of these organisms by acid-base extraction, or solvent extractions followed by silica-gel column chromatography. Alkaloids have a wide range of pharmacology, pharmacological activities including antimalarial medication, antimalarial (e.g. quinine), asthma, antiasthma (e.g. ephedrine), chemotherapy, anticancer (e.g. omacetaxine mepesuccinate, homoharringtonine), cholinomimetic (e.g. galantamine), vasodilation, vasodilatory (e.g. vincamine), Antiarrhythmic agent, antiarrhythmic (e.g. quinidine), analgesic (e.g. morphine), antibacterial (e.g. chelerythrine), and anti-diabetic, antihyperglycemic activities (e.g. berb ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Molluscicidal
Molluscicides () are chemicals that kill molluscs. They are also known as snail baits, snail pellets, or slug pellets. These pesticides against molluscs are usually used in agriculture or gardening, in order to control gastropod pests specifically slugs and snails which damage crops or other valued plants by feeding on them. A number of chemicals can be employed as a molluscicide: * Quicklime slaked lime, and kainite, respectively kill by dehydration. Hundreds of kilograms per hectare are required. * Metal salts such as iron(III) phosphate, aluminium sulfate, and ferric sodium EDTA, relatively non-toxic, most are approved for use in organic gardening * Metaldehyde * Niclosamide * Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (e.g. methiocarb), highly toxic to other animals and humans with a quick onset of toxic symptoms. Many chemicals have been developed as molluscicides. Slug pellets contain a carbohydrate source (e.g. durum flour) as a bulking agent. See also * Pesticide poisoning * ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
