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Enterographa Dokdoensis
''Enterographa dokdoensis'' is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), script lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It occurs in South Korea. The lichen has a thallus that can cover areas up to 5–10 cm in diameter, with a smooth to roughened texture and a green-grey to mauve colour. Taxonomy ''Enterographa dokdoensis'' was formally described as a new species in 2020 by lichenologists Sergey Kondratyuk, Lőkös, Beeyoung-Gun Lee, and Jae-Seoun Hur. The type specimen of ''Enterographa dokdoensis'' was collected by the third author from the Liancourt Rocks in the Republic of Korea, specifically on the Eastern (Dokdo) Islet. This collection was made at the seashore, on the left side of the dock, where the lichen was found growing on rocks alongside '' Opegrapha ulleungdoensis''. The elevation of the site is about 5 meters above sea level. The naming of ''dokdoensis'' alludes to its type locality – Dokdo (Eastern) Island of the Dokdo Islands in South Korea. Description T ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
László Sándor Lőkös
László Sándor Lőkös is a Hungarian lichenologist and curator of the lichen collection of the Hungarian Natural History Museum in Budapest. Education and personal life He studied at Eötvös Loránd University public research university in Budapest, gaining a master's degree in 1983 with his thesis titled ''Atomic absorption analysis of heavy metal contents of lichens transplanted in Budapest'' supervised by Klára Verseghy. He was awarded his doctorate in 2005 by University of Pécs. He is married to Edit Éva Farkas, who is also a lichenologist. They have two children together. Research career He worked in the botany department of the University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, University of Veterinary Science, Budapest, for two years (1983–1985). For most of his career, he has been curator of the lichen collection in the Botanical Department of the Hungarian Natural History Museum, Budapest, after the retirement of Klára Verseghy. After attending and presenting work at ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hyaline
A hyaline substance is one with a glassy appearance. The word is derived from , and . Histopathology Hyaline cartilage is named after its glassy appearance on fresh gross pathology. On light microscopy of H&E stained slides, the extracellular matrix of hyaline cartilage looks homogeneously pink, and the term "hyaline" is used to describe similarly homogeneously pink material besides the cartilage. Hyaline material is usually acellular and proteinaceous. For example, arterial hyaline is seen in aging, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and in association with some drugs (e.g. calcineurin inhibitors). It is bright pink with PAS staining. Ichthyology and entomology In ichthyology and entomology Entomology (from Ancient Greek ἔντομον (''éntomon''), meaning "insect", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study") is the branch of zoology that focuses on insects. Those who study entomology are known as entomologists. In ..., ''hyaline'' denotes a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichens Described In 2020
A lichen ( , ) is a hybrid colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among filaments of multiple fungus species, along with yeasts and bacteria embedded in the cortex or "skin", in a mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. . Lichens are the lifeform that first brought the term symbiosis (as ''Symbiotismus'') into biological context. Lichens have since been recognized as important actors in and producers which many higher trophic feeders feed on, such as reindeer, gastropods, nematodes, mites, and springtails. Lich ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lichen Species
A lichen ( , ) is a hybrid colony (biology), colony of algae or cyanobacteria living symbiotically among hypha, filaments of multiple fungus species, along with yeasts and bacteria embedded in the cortex or "skin", in a mutualism (biology), mutualistic relationship.Introduction to Lichens – An Alliance between Kingdoms . University of California Museum of Paleontology. . Lichens are the lifeform that first brought the term symbiosis (as ''Symbiotismus'') into biological context. Lichens have since been recognized as important actors in nutrient cycling and producers which many higher trophic feeders feed on, such as reindeer, gastropods, nematodes, mites, and springtails. Lichens have properties different from those of their component organisms. They come in man ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enterographa Anguinella
''Enterographa'' is a genus of lichens in the family Roccellaceae. These lichens grow as thin, paint-like crusts on tree bark that range in colour from off-white and pale grey to dark olive-green or brown, sometimes breaking into networks of tiny, flat blocks. They reproduce through tiny slits or dots embedded in the crust that contain spindle-shaped spores divided into multiple cells, distinguishing them from other similar-looking bark lichens. Description ''Enterographa'' species grow as thin, paint-like crusts that either lie smoothly on the bark or break into a network of tiny, flat blocks (). Colours range from off-white and pale grey to dark olive-green or brown, and neighbouring colonies often form mosaic patterns separated by a narrow, grey-to-black —the band of purely fungal tissue at the thallus edge. Because the crust is not layered, the algal partner ('' Trentepohlia'') sits directly beneath the surface and lends a faint orange hue where the thallus is scratched ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Volcanic Rock
Volcanic rocks (often shortened to volcanics in scientific contexts) are rocks formed from lava erupted from a volcano. Like all rock types, the concept of volcanic rock is artificial, and in nature volcanic rocks grade into hypabyssal and metamorphic rocks and constitute an important element of some sediments and sedimentary rocks. For these reasons, in geology, volcanics and shallow hypabyssal rocks are not always treated as distinct. In the context of Precambrian shield geology, the term "volcanic" is often applied to what are strictly metavolcanic rocks. Volcanic rocks and sediment that form from magma erupted into the air are called "pyroclastics," and these are also technically sedimentary rocks. Volcanic rocks are among the most common rock types on Earth's surface, particularly in the oceans. On land, they are very common at plate boundaries and in flood basalt provinces. It has been estimated that volcanic rocks cover about 8% of the Earth's current land surface. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enterographa Leucolyta
''Enterographa'' is a genus of lichens in the family Roccellaceae. These lichens grow as thin, paint-like crusts on tree bark that range in colour from off-white and pale grey to dark olive-green or brown, sometimes breaking into networks of tiny, flat blocks. They reproduce through tiny slits or dots embedded in the crust that contain spindle-shaped spores divided into multiple cells, distinguishing them from other similar-looking bark lichens. Description ''Enterographa'' species grow as thin, paint-like crusts that either lie smoothly on the bark or break into a network of tiny, flat blocks (). Colours range from off-white and pale grey to dark olive-green or brown, and neighbouring colonies often form mosaic patterns separated by a narrow, grey-to-black —the band of purely fungal tissue at the thallus edge. Because the crust is not layered, the algal partner ('' Trentepohlia'') sits directly beneath the surface and lends a faint orange hue where the thallus is scratched ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Pantropical
A pantropical ("all tropics") distribution is one which covers tropical regions of both the Eastern and Western hemispheres. Examples of species include caecilians, modern sirenians and the plant genera ''Acacia'' and ''Bacopa''. ''Neotropical'' is a zoogeographic term that covers a large part of the Americas, roughly from Mexico and the Caribbean southwards (including cold regions in southernmost South America). '' Palaeotropical'' refers to geographical occurrence. For a distribution to be palaeotropical a taxon must occur in tropical regions in the Old World. According to Takhtajan (1978), the following families have a pantropical distribution: Annonaceae, Hernandiaceae, Lauraceae, Piperaceae, Urticaceae, Dilleniaceae, Tetrameristaceae, Passifloraceae, Bombacaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Rhizophoraceae, Myrtaceae, Anacardiaceae, Sapindaceae, Malpighiaceae, Proteaceae, Bignoniaceae, Orchidaceae and Arecaceae.Takhtajan, A. (1986). ''Floristic Regions of the World''. (trans ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Enterographa
''Enterographa'' is a genus of lichens in the family Roccellaceae. These lichens grow as thin, paint-like crusts on tree bark that range in colour from off-white and pale grey to dark olive-green or brown, sometimes breaking into networks of tiny, flat blocks. They reproduce through tiny slits or dots embedded in the crust that contain spindle-shaped spores divided into multiple cells, distinguishing them from other similar-looking bark lichens. Description ''Enterographa'' species grow as thin, paint-like crusts that either lie smoothly on the bark or break into a network of tiny, flat blocks (). Colours range from off-white and pale grey to dark olive-green or brown, and neighbouring colonies often form mosaic patterns separated by a narrow, grey-to-black —the band of purely fungal tissue at the thallus edge. Because the crust is not layered, the algal partner ('' Trentepohlia'') sits directly beneath the surface and lends a faint orange hue where the thallus is scratched ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gyrophoric Acid
Gyrophoric acid is a tridepside. It is a double ester of the orsellinic acid. It can also be found in most of the species of the lichen genera '' Actinogyra'', '' Lasallia'', and '' Umbilicaria'' . Natural occurrence and biosynthesis Gyrophoric acid is an orcinol-derived tridepside, meaning it is built from three orsellinic acid units linked by ester bonds. In nature the compound reaches its highest concentrations in rock-dwelling '' Umbilicaria'' lichens, but smaller amounts occur in several other genera, including '' Cryptothecia'', ''Xanthoparmelia'', '' Actinogyra'' and '' Lasallia''. Gyrophoric acid often co-exists with simpler didepsides such as lecanoric acid, suggesting a shared metabolic origin. Pharmacologically, gyrophoric acid has been demonstrated to possess broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity and a marked cytotoxic effect against a range of cancer cell lines in in vitro laboratory tests; it also absorbs ultraviolet radiation and has historically served as a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Spot Test (lichen)
A spot test in lichenology is a spot analysis used to help identify lichens. It is performed by placing a drop of a chemical reagent on different parts of the lichen and noting the colour change (or lack thereof) associated with application of the chemical. The tests are routinely encountered in dichotomous keys for lichen species, and they take advantage of the wide array of lichen products (secondary metabolites) produced by lichens and their uniqueness among taxa. As such, spot tests reveal the presence or absence of chemicals in various parts of a lichen. They were first proposed as a method to help identify species by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1866. Three common spot tests use either 10% aqueous KOH solution (K test), saturated aqueous solution of bleaching powder or calcium hypochlorite (C test), or 5% alcoholic ''p''-phenylenediamine solution (P test). The colour changes occur due to presence of particular secondary metabolites in the lichen. In ide ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
