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En (Cyrillic)
En (Н н; italics: ) is a letter of the Cyrillic script. It commonly represents the dental nasal consonant , like the pronunciation of in "neat". And it can be palatized like in the pair of hard and soft consonant for the word: 'wife' and 'wife's'. Glyph The capital Cyrillic letter En looks the same as the capitals Greek letter Eta (Η η) and Latin letter H. As with most Cyrillic letters, the lowercase form is simply a smaller version of the uppercase. However, in modern Church Slavonic publications, the old N-shaped form is still often used. It should not be confused with the letter И (similar to a mirrored shape of the Latin letter N): * The cursive of the capital letter is similar to the English model Copperplate script, with a modification: the line between the two columns is a rising diagonal, exactly as in letter И. And the minuscule, use quite the same ductus (without the loops), leading generally to a rising diagonal too. * In some handwritten and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Voiceless Epiglottal Trill
The voiceless epiglottal or pharyngeal trill, or voiceless epiglottal fricative, is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is , a small capital version of the Latin letter h, and the equivalent X-SAMPA symbol is H\. The glyph is homoglyphic with the lowercase Cyrillic letter En (н) in roman typeface, but distinct in italic. Features Features of the voiceless epiglottal trill/fricative: Occurrence See also * Index of phonetics articles A * Acoustic phonetics * Active articulator * Affricate * Airstream mechanism * Alexander John Ellis * Alexander Melville Bell * Alfred C. Gimson * Allophone * Alveolar approximant () * Alveolar click () * Alveolar consonant * Alveolar ej ... Notes References * External links * {{IPA navigation Trill consonants Pulmonic consonants Voiceless oral consonants ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Glagolitic
The Glagolitic script ( , , ''glagolitsa'') is the oldest known Slavic alphabet. It is generally agreed that it was created in the 9th century for the purpose of translating liturgical texts into Old Church Slavonic by Saints Cyril and Methodius, Saint Cyril, a monk from Thessaloniki, Thessalonica. He and his brother Saint Methodius of Thessaloniki, Saint Methodius were sent by the Byzantine Emperor Michael III in 863 to Great Moravia after an invitation from Rastislav of Moravia to spread Christianity there. After the deaths of Cyril and Methodius, their disciples were expelled and they moved to the First Bulgarian Empire instead. The Early Cyrillic alphabet, which developed gradually in the Preslav Literary School by Greek alphabet scribes who incorporated some Glagolitic letters, gradually replaced Glagolitic in that region. Glagolitic remained in use alongside Latin in the Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102), Kingdom of Croatia and alongside Cyrillic until the 14th century in th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lectionary 183
Lectionary 183, designated by siglum ℓ ''183'' (in the Gregory-Aland numbering of New Testament manuscripts) is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, written on parchment in uncial letters. Biblical scholars Westcott and Hort labelled it by 38,and biblical scholar Frederick H. A. Scrivener by 257. Using the study of comparative writings styles (palaeography), it has been assigned to the 10th century. The manuscript has some missing portions and gaps at the end and inside, but they were supplied by a later hand. It is faded in parts. Textually it often agrees with old uncial manuscripts of the New Testament, but it has some unique variants. It has numerous errors, but unequally distributed in the codex. It was examined by several palaeographers. It forms part of the British Library Arundel Manuscripts. Description The manuscript is a codex (precursor to the modern book) containing Lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, Luke lectionary (''Evangelistarium''), on 3 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Lectionary 5
Lectionary 5, designated by siglum ℓ ''5'' (in the Gregory-Aland numbering). It is a Greek manuscript of the New Testament, on vellum leaves. Palaeographically it has been assigned to the 10th-century. K. Aland, M. Welte, B. Köster, K. Junack, ''Kurzgefasste Liste der griechischen Handschriften des Neues Testaments'', (Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 1994), p. 219. Description The codex contains lessons from the Gospels of John, Matthew, and Luke lectionary (''Evangelistarium'') with lacunae at the beginning and end. The text is written in Greek uncial letters, on 150 parchment leaves (), with 2 columns per page, 19 lines per page and 7-12 letters per line. It has musical notes. Matthew 19:16 : διδασκαλε (''teacher'') — א, B, D, L, ''f''1, 892txt, 1010, 1365, ℓ ''5'', ita, d, e, ff1, copbo, eth, geo, Origen, Hilary; : διδασκαλε αγαθε (''good teacher'') — C, K, W, Δ, Θ, ''f''13, 28, 33, 565, 700, 892mg, 1009, 1071, 1079, 119 ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospels Of Tsar Ivan Alexander
The Gospels of Tsar Ivan Alexander, Tetraevangelia of Ivan Alexander, or Four Gospels of Ivan Alexander (, transliterated as ''Chetveroevangelie na (tsar) Ivan Aleksandar'') is an illuminated manuscript Gospel Book, written and illustrated in 1355–1356 for Tsar Ivan Alexander of the Second Bulgarian Empire. The manuscript is regarded as one of the most important manuscripts of medieval Bulgarian culture, and has been described as "the most celebrated work of art produced in Bulgaria before it fell to the Turks in 1393". The manuscript, now in the British Library (Add. MS 39627), contains the text of the Four Gospels illustrated with 366 miniatures and consists of 286 parchment folios, 33 by 24.3 cm in size, later paginated with pencil. The language of the text is variously described as Bulgarian, Middle Bulgarian, Slavonic, and Church Slavonic. Contents and binding The book contains the four Gospels and some other texts, so is a true gospel book rather than an evangelia ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Serbian Cyrillic
The Serbian Cyrillic alphabet (, ), also known as the Serbian script, (, ), is a standardized variation of the Cyrillic script used to write the Serbian language. It originated in medieval Serbia and was significantly reformed in the 19th century by the Serbian philologist and linguist Vuk Karadžić. The Serbian Cyrillic alphabet is one of the two official scripts used to write modern standard Serbian, the other being Gaj's Latin alphabet. Karadžić based his reform on the earlier 18th-century Slavonic-Serbian script. Following the principle of "write as you speak and read as it is written" (''piši kao što govoriš, čitaj kao što je napisano''), he removed obsolete letters, eliminated redundant representations of iotated vowels, and introduced the letter from the Latin script. He also created new letters for sounds unique to Serbian phonology. Around the same time, Ljudevit Gaj led the standardization of the Latin script for use in western South Slavic languages, appl ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Miroslav Gospels
Miroslav Gospel (, ) is a 362-page Serbian illuminated manuscript Gospel Book on parchment with very rich decorations. It is one of the oldest surviving documents written in the Serbian recension of Church Slavonic. The gospel is considered a masterpiece of illustration and calligraphy. During Saint Sava's time, a Serbian ''Prophliestologion'' (Cod. 313), a Novgorod Sticherarion (Cod. 301), and Kiev Irmologion (Cod. 308 with Old Church Slavonic musical neumatic notation were also found in the same place as Hilandar Fragments from the 10th and early 11th century (now in Odessa). It is presumed that both Miroslav Gospel and Vukan's Gospel reached Hilandar at the same. Origin and discovery Miroslav's Gospel was commissioned in the 12th century (in the year 1180) by Miroslav, the ruler (''knez'') of Hum and the brother of Stefan Nemanja, the Grand Prince of Serbia. The first to discover and study the manuscript were three Russian scholars: Vladimir Stasov, Fyodor Buslayev, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ostromir Gospels
The Ostromir Gospels () is the oldest dated book of Kievan Rus'. Archeologists have dated the Novgorod Codex, a wax writing tablet with excerpts from the Psalms, discovered in 2000, to an earlier time range, but unlike the Ostromir Gospels, it does not contain an explicit date. It is currently held in the National Library of Russia. The Ostromir Gospels was created in 1056 or 1057 (the year 6564 in the Byzantine calendar) by the deacon Gregory for his patron Ostromir, the posadnik of Novgorod, probably as a gift for a monastery. Description The book is an illuminated manuscript Gospel Book lectionary containing only feast-day and Sunday readings. It is written in a large uncial hand in two columns on 294 parchment sheets of the size 20 x 24 cm. Each page contains eighteen lines. The book is concluded by the scribe's notice about the circumstances of its creation. Three full page evangelist portraits survive, by two different artists, and many pages have decorative ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Alphabet Book
An alphabet book is a type of children's book giving basic instruction in an alphabet. Intended for young children, alphabet books commonly use pictures, simple language and alliteration to aid language learning. Alphabet books are published in several languages, and some distinguish the capitals and lower case letters in a given alphabet. Some alphabet books are intended for older audiences, using the simplicity of the genre as a device to convey humor or other concepts. Purposes Alphabet books introduce the sounds and letters of an ordered alphabet. As elementary educational tools, Alphabet books provide opportunities for: #Developing conversations and proficiency in oral language #Providing alphabet path of motion lessons #Increasing phonemic awareness #Teaching phonics #Making text connections (Activating prior knowledge) #Predicting (Text talk) #Building vocabulary #Inferencing / drawing conclusions #Sequencing #Identifying elements of story structure #Recognizing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Karion Istomin
Karion Istomin (; late 1640s – 26 May 1717) was a Russian poet, translator, and one of the first Russian enlighteners. He was a student of Sylvester Medvedev. Life Karion Istomin was born in Kursk. He was a celibate priest and then a hegumen at the Chudov Monastery. He graduated from the patriarchal school and then worked at the Print Yard from 1679 to 1701. Istomin started as a regular scrivener, then held the post of editor, and later became the head of the yard. He is known to have authored and translated from Latin historical, religious, and pedagogical works, including his ''Arithmetics'' () and the ''Book of Reasoning'' (), in which Istomin directed the 11-year-old Peter I on proper manners. Also, he wrote numerous acathistuses, prayers, epitaphs, and panegyrical, congratulatory, and edifying poems. In the 1690s, Istomin compiled the ''Small Alphabet Book'' () and ''Big Alphabet Book'' () for Tsarevich Alexei Petrovich, in which verse facilitated learning. Istomin als ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Veliky Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod ( ; , ; ), also known simply as Novgorod (), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the Volkhov River just downstream from its outflow from Lake Ilmen and is situated on the M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. UNESCO recognized Novgorod as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The city has a population of At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the Novgorod Republic and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" part was added to the city's name in 1999. Climate Veliky Novgorod has a humid continental climate (Köppen ''Dfb''). The city has warm summers with temperatures reaching over 30 °C (86 °F) and relatively cold winters with frequent snowfall. The lowest air temperature ever recorded is -45 °C (-49 °F). The warmest month is July with a d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
First Bulgarian Empire
The First Bulgarian Empire (; was a medieval state that existed in Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 11th centuries AD. It was founded in 680–681 after part of the Bulgars, led by Asparuh of Bulgaria, Asparuh, moved south to the northeastern Balkans. There they secured Byzantine Empire, Byzantine recognition of their right to settle south of the Danube by Battle of Ongal, defeatingpossibly with the help of Seven Slavic tribes, local South Slavic tribesthe Byzantine army led by Constantine IV. During the 9th and 10th century, Bulgaria at the height of its power spread from the Danube Bend to the Black Sea and from the Dnieper River to the Adriatic Sea and became an important power in the region competing with the Byzantine Empire. As the state solidified its position in the Balkans, it entered into a centuries-long interaction, sometimes friendly and sometimes hostile, with the Byzantine Empire. Bulgaria emerged as Byzantium's chief antagonist to its north, resulting in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
