Emnilda
Emnilda (; – 1017), was a Slavic noblewoman and Duchess of Poland from 992 by her marriage with the Piast ruler Bolesław I the Brave. Ancestry She was a daughter of Dobromir, a Slavic ruler who in a 1013 entry was named ''venerabilis senior'' by the contemporary chronicler Thietmar of Merseburg (975–1018). Most historians believe that Emnilda's father was a ruler over Lusatia and the Milceni lands which since 963 were part of the Saxon Eastern March. The German chronicler referred to him as ''senior'' which in this context most likely meant "prince", and showed a certain familiarity with the person. This suggests that Dobromir was someone well known to Thietmar, who was Bishop of Merseburg from 1009, and hence Emnilda's father was from the area of the Polabian Slavs close to his episcopal see. In view of her German name, Emnilda's mother possibly was the member of a Saxon comital dynasty.More citaeded However, other historians have argued for a different background. Henr ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Bolesław I The Brave
Bolesław I the Brave (17 June 1025), less often List of people known as the Great, known as Bolesław the Great, was Duke of Poland from 992 to 1025 and the first King of Poland in 1025. He was also Duke of Bohemia between 1003 and 1004 as Boleslaus IV. A member of the Piast dynasty, Bolesław was a capable monarch and a strong mediator in Central European affairs. He continued to proselytise Western Christianity among his subjects and raised Poland to the Kingdom of Poland, rank of a kingdom, thus becoming the first Polish ruler to hold the title of ''rex'', Latin for king. The son of Mieszko I of Poland by his first wife Dobrawa of Bohemia, Bolesław ruled Lesser Poland already during the final years of Mieszko's reign. When the country became divided in 992, he banished his father's widow, Oda of Haldensleben, purged his half-brothers along with their adherents and successfully reunified Poland by 995. As a devout Christian, Bolesław supported the missionary endeavours of Ada ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Duke Of The Polans
Poland was ruled at various times either by dukes and princes (10th to 14th centuries) or by kings (11th to 18th centuries). During the latter period, a tradition of Royal elections in Poland, free election of monarchs made it a uniquely electable position in Europe (16th to 18th centuries). The first Polish ruler whose existence is not debatable was Mieszko I, Duke Mieszko I, who Christianization of Poland, adopted Christianity under the authority of Rome in the year 966. He was succeeded by his son, Bolesław I the Brave, who greatly expanded the boundaries of the Polish state and ruled as the first king in 1025. The following centuries gave rise to the mighty Piast dynasty, consisting of both kings such as Mieszko II Lambert, Przemysł II or Władysław I the Elbow-high and dukes like Bolesław III Wrymouth. The dynasty's rule over Poland ceased with the death of Casimir III the Great in 1370. In the same year, the Capetian House of Anjou became the ruling house with Louis I t ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Judith Of Hungary
Judith of Hungary (; , Esztergom – , Kraków?) was a Hungarian princess and member of the Árpád dynasty. She was briefly married to the Piast duke of Poland, Bolesław the Brave. According to some sources, she was the eldest child of Géza of Hungary by his first wife Sarolt, a daughter of Gyula of Transylvania. However, modern historians have now discarded her parentage, and state that she was an unknown Hungarian princess.Kazimierz Jasiński: ''Rodowód pierwszych Piastów'', Warsaw 1993 Though opinions vary about the identity of Bolesław I's second wife, there are a number of researchers who still support the hypothesis of her being the daughter of Géza. Life At the end of 985, Judith became in the second wife of Bolesław, heir of the Polish throne, after he repudiated his first wife Hunilda, daughter of Rikdag, Margrave of Meissen. The union (probably instigated by Duke Boleslav II of Bohemia, maternal uncle of the Polish prince) produced a son, Bezprym. Perha ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Regelinda
Regelinda (; - 21 March ), also known as the "Smiling Polish woman", was a Polish princess from the Piast dynasty and Margravine of Meissen from 1009 until her death by her marriage to Herman I. Life She was the daughter of the Polish King Bolesław I the Brave from his third marriage with Emnilda, daughter of Dobromir, a Slavic prince (according to some modern historians in Lusatia). Regelinda was married to Herman I shortly after his father Margrave Eckard I of Meissen was killed on April 30, 1002. While Duke Bolesław had occupied the March of Lusatia and the Milceni lands, the marriage brought the Polish Piasts and the Ekkardiner margraves closer. The new king Henry II of Meissen named Herman's uncle Gunzelin Eckard's successor, however, in 1009, deposed him and installed Herman as Margrave of Meissen with Regelinda as his margravine consort. The alliance with the Polish ruler was renewed after the 1018 Peace of Bautzen, when Bolesław married Herman's sister Oda. T ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Mieszko II Lambert
Mieszko II Lambert (; c. 990 – 10/11 May 1034) was List of Polish monarchs, King of Kingdom of Poland (1025–1031), Poland from 1025 to 1031 and Duchy of Poland (c. 960–1025), Duke from 1032 until his death. He was the second son of Bolesław I the Brave but the eldest born from his third wife, Emnilda of Lusatia. He organized two devastating invasions of Duchy of Saxony, Saxony in 1028 and 1030. Then, he ran a defensive war against Kingdom of Germany, Germany, Duchy of Bohemia, Bohemia and the Kievan Rus', Kievan princes. Mieszko II was forced to escape from the country in 1031 after an attack by Yaroslav I the Wise, who installed Mieszko's older half-brother Bezprym on the Polish throne. Mieszko II took refuge in Bohemia, where he was imprisoned by Duke Oldrich, Duke of Bohemia, Oldrich. In 1032 he regained power in one of Poland's three districts, then united the country, making good use of the remaining power structures. At this time, several Polish territorial acquisiti ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Otto Bolesławowic
Otto Bolesławowic (1000–1033) was member of the House of Piast. He was the third son of King Bolesław the Brave of Poland. Having inherited no land from his father, he fled to Germany. After the defeat of his brother Mieszko II Lambert in 1032, Otto received a part of Poland to rule but died shortly after. Family history Otto was the youngest child of Bolesław the Brave and Emnilda of Lusatia. He was named after Emperor Otto III, who probably stood as his godfather. In 1018 he was present at his father's fourth and last marriage, to Oda of Meissen on Cziczani. After the death of his father in 1025, Otto expected to obtain a part of Bolesław's heritage, according to Slavic custom, under which a father should divide his legacy among all his sons. However, because Poland became a kingdom, the country could not be divided, and in consequence Otto received nothing from his father's legacy. The sole heir of Bolesław was Mieszko II Lambert, his eldest son from his marriage to Emn ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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House Of Piast
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented List of Polish monarchs, Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I of Poland, Mieszko I (–992). The Poland during the Piast dynasty, Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great. Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian dynasty, Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter. Origin of the name The early dukes and kings of Poland are said to have regarded themselves as descendants of the semi-legendary Piast the Wheelwright (''Piast Kołodziej''), first mentioned in the ''Cronicae et gesta ducum sive pri ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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List Of Polish Consorts
The wives of the rulers of the Kingdom of Poland were duchesses or queens consort of Poland. Two women ruled Poland as queens regnant, but their husbands were kings ''jure uxoris''. Wives of early Polish monarchs Duchesses of the Polans Queens and High Duchesses of Poland Piast dynasty (1) Přemyslid dynasty Piast dynasty (2) Angevin dynasty Jagiellonian dynasty, Jagiellon dynasty Royal consort of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth * Elżbieta Szydłowska (1748–1810) was the lover of King Stanisław August Poniatowski, Stanisław August. Some believe that she married the King of Poland in 1783, but their marriage was morganatic marriage, morganatic, so she wasn't Queen of Poland. However, there is no known reason for the marriage to have been morganatic, as Poniatowski's Pacta conventa required him to marry a Polish noblewoman, a requirement she satisfied, and there is no evidence that the marriage ever occurred. According to Wirydianna Fisze ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Bezprym
Bezprym (Old �bɛspʂɨm �vɛspreːm 986–1032) was the duke of Poland from 1031 until his death. He was the eldest son of the Polish king Bolesław the Brave, but was deprived of the succession by his father, who around 1001 sent him to Italy in order to become a monk at one of Saint Romuald's hermitages in Ravenna. Expelled by his half-brother Mieszko II Lambert after the death of their father, Bezprym became ruler of large areas of Poland in 1031 following a simultaneous attack by German and Kievan forces and Mieszko II's escape to Bohemia. His reign was short-lived and, according to some sources, extremely cruel. He was murdered in 1032 and Mieszko II returned to the throne of Poland. It is speculated that a pagan reaction began during his short reign. Onomastics In primary sources Bezprym appears as: ''Besprim'' ('' Thietmar's Chronicle''), ''Besfrim'' (Annalista Saxo), or ''Bezbriem'' (''Chronicles of Hildesheim'' and '' Annales Altahenses''). This name was not ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Milceni
The Milceni or Milzeni (; ; ) were a West Slavic tribe, who settled in the present-day Upper Lusatia region. They were gradually conquered by Germans during the 10th century. They were part of Sorbian tribes. Modern descendants of the Milceni are the Upper Sorbian-speaking Sorbs of the Free State of Saxony, Germany. Etymology Pavel Jozef Šafárik derived their name from Lithuanian language ''milżinas'' (giant, behemoth, colossus). Mikołaj Rudnicki considered it derives from personal names Milobud and Miloslav. Stanisław Urbańczyk reconstructed the ethnonym as ''Mělъčane'', meaning inhabitants of an assumed river called ''*Mělъcъ'' or ''*Mělъča'', with similar argumentation by E. Eichler and H. Walther, possibly as an older name of upper Spree. However, that hypothesis ignores consonant "z" and suffix "-jane", which would reject a form of Milčane, and suggest derivation of Milzane/Milzeni < ''*Milъt-jane'' < ''*Milit-jane'' from Latin [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Herman I, Margrave Of Meissen
Herman I (; – 1 November 1038) was List of margraves of Meissen, Margrave of Meissen from 1009 until his death. Life He was the eldest son of Margrave Eckard I, Margrave of Meissen, Eckard I of Meissen and his wife Swanehilde of Saxony, Swanehilde, a daughter of Margrave Hermann Billung. On 30 April 1002 his father was murdered at the ''Kaiserpfalz'' of Pöhlde, after he had raised claims to the King of the Romans, German throne in the German royal election, 1002, royal election. The new king Henry II, Holy Roman Emperor, Henry II passed the Margraviate of Meissen to Herman's uncle Gunzelin, Margrave of Meissen, Gunzelin, while he and his brother had to retire to their allods. In the summer of 1002, Herman married Regelinda, a daughter of the History of Poland during the Piast dynasty, Polish king Bolesław I the Brave. While Bolesław, who had supported the candidacy of Margrave Eckard I, occupied the eastern March of Lusatia and the adjacent Milceni lands (later Upper Lusatia ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Rikdag
Rikdag, also called Ricdag, Riddag, or Rihdag (died 985), was Margrave of Meissen from 979 until his death. In 982, he also acquired the marches of Merseburg and Zeitz. After the Great Slav Rising in 983, he temporarily reunited all of the southern ''marca Geronis'' under his command. His march included the territory of the Chutizi and Dolomici tribes. Life Rikdag possibly is a progenitor of the House of Wettin, the son of Volkmar I (d. before 961), a Saxon count in the Harzgau. He is mentioned as an agnatic relative of Theodoric I of Wettin, who was raised at the Meissen court, however, the exact circumstances of their family relationship are not known. Ricdag's daughter, Oda or Hunilda, married Boleslaus I the Brave, who later became the King of Poland. However, this marriage alliance was cut short by the interests of power politics. Rikdag was documented as a count in the Schwabengau region of Eastphalia. In 979 he followed Margrave Thietmar in the Margraviate of Meissen ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |