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Elsham (organisation)
ELSHAM (abbreviation of ''Lembaga Studi dan Advokasi Hak Asasi Manusia'', meaning Institute of Human Rights Studies and Advocacy) is a human rights non-governmental organization based in Jayapura, Papua, Indonesia. ELSHAM is the leading Papuan human rights organization. It was established in 1996 by the Roman Catholic Church, the Jayapura diocese of the Evangelical Christian Church in West Papua (GKI), and the Gospel Tabernacle Church of Indonesia (GKII). ELSHAM leader John Rumbiak fled to the United States in 2002 following threats by the Indonesian police. In June 2003 the Indonesian Military Commander, Maj. Gen. Nurdin Zainal, issued orders for the arrest of: # John Rumbiak, Supervisor of ELSHAM # Yohanis G. Bonay, Director of ELSHAM # '' Koran Tempo'', a Jakarta-based daily # the editor of ''Koran Tempo'' # '' Suara Karya'', a Jakarta-based daily # the editor of ''Suara Karya'' upon charges of publishing a story about TNI (Indonesian military) troops ambushing a bus. The ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Non-governmental Organization
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is an independent, typically nonprofit organization that operates outside government control, though it may get a significant percentage of its funding from government or corporate sources. NGOs often focus on humanitarian or social issues but can also include clubs and associations offering services to members. Some NGOs, like the World Economic Forum, may also act as lobby groups for corporations. Unlike international organizations (IOs), which directly interact with sovereign states and governments, NGOs are independent from them. The term as it is used today was first introduced in Article 71 of the UN Charter, Article 71 of the newly formed United Nations Charter in 1945. While there is no fixed or formal definition for what NGOs are, they are generally defined as nonprofit entities that are independent of governmental influence—although they may receive government funding. According to the United Nations Department of Global Communic ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jayapura
Jayapura (formerly Hollandia (1910-1962), Kota Baru (1962-1963), Soekarnopura (1963-1968)) is the capital city, capital and List of Indonesian cities by population, largest city of the Indonesian Provinces of Indonesia, province of Papua (province), Papua. It is situated on the northern coast of New Guinea island and covers an area of . The city borders the Pacific Ocean and Yos Sudarso Bay to the north, the country of Papua New Guinea to the east, Keerom Regency to the south, and Jayapura Regency to the west. With a population of 398,478 according to the 2020 Indonesian census, 2020 census,Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021. Jayapura is the most populous city in the entire island of New Guinea, surpassing Port Moresby, the national capital and largest city of Papua New Guinea. During the 2010-2020 decade it was also the fastest-growing city in Indonesia, with the population increasing by 55.23% between 2010 and 2020.Biro Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2011. The official estimate a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Papua (Indonesia)
Papua is a province of Indonesia, comprising the northern coast of Western New Guinea together with island groups in Cenderawasih Bay to the west. It roughly follows the borders of the Papuan customary region of Tabi Saireri, and is divided into eight regencies () and one city (''kota''), the latter being the provincial capital of Jayapura. It is bordered by the nation of Papua New Guinea to the east, the Pacific Ocean to the north, Cenderawasih Bay to the west, and the provinces of Central Papua and Highland Papua to the south. The province also shares Maritime boundary, maritime boundaries with Palau in the Pacific. Papua, along with the five other Western New Guinea#Administration, Papuan provinces, has a higher degree of autonomy level compared to other Provinces of Indonesia, Indonesian provinces. Before 2003, the province (known as Irian Barat from 1962 to 1973 and Irian Jaya from 1973 to 2002) covered the entirety of Western New Guinea, a region also known as "Papua". I ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Indonesia
Indonesia, officially the Republic of Indonesia, is a country in Southeast Asia and Oceania, between the Indian Ocean, Indian and Pacific Ocean, Pacific oceans. Comprising over List of islands of Indonesia, 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Java, Sulawesi, and parts of Borneo and New Guinea, Indonesia is the world's largest archipelagic state and the List of countries and dependencies by area, 14th-largest country by area, at . With over 280 million people, Indonesia is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fourth-most-populous country and the most populous Islam by country, Muslim-majority country. Java, the world's List of islands by population, most populous island, is home to more than half of the country's population. Indonesia operates as a Presidential system, presidential republic with an elected People's Consultative Assembly, legislature and consists of Provinces of Indonesia, 38 provinces, nine of which have Autonomous administrative divisi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Evangelical Christian Church In West Papua
Evangelical Christian Church of the Land of Papua (, abbreviated as GKITP) is a Protestant denomination in Indonesia, particularly in western Papua region. The denomination is the single largest church in Irian where about 30% of the population belong to it. Its motto is from the Epistle to the Ephesians 5:8 "For once you were darkness, but now in the Lord you are light. Live as children of light" (NRSV). In the areas of human rights and politics in the region, the church plays a significant role. It has a presbyterian-synodal model of church government, the synod is the highest governing body. The church had 650,000 members and 1869 parishes. The church belong to the World Communion of Reformed Churches History In 1855 two German missionaries arrived in northwestern Irian. This was the Gossner Mission. In 1962 the Utrechtische Zendingsvereeining of the Reformed Church in the Netherlands took over the work. Dutch Dutch or Nederlands commonly refers to: * Something of, from, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gospel Tabernacle Church Of Indonesia
Gospel originally meant the Christian message ("the gospel"), but in the second century AD the term (, from which the English word originated as a calque) came to be used also for the books in which the message was reported. In this sense a gospel can be defined as a loose-knit, episodic narrative of the words and deeds of Jesus, culminating in his trial and death, and concluding with various reports of his post-resurrection appearances. The Gospels are commonly seen as literature that is based on oral traditions, Christian preaching, and Old Testament exegesis with the consensus being that they are a variation of Greco-Roman biography; similar to other ancient works such as Xenophon's ''Memoirs of Socrates''. They are meant to convince people that Jesus was a charismatic miracle-working holy man, providing examples for readers to emulate. As such, they present the Christian message of the second half of the first century AD, Modern biblical scholars are therefore cauti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
John Rumbiak
John Rumbiak (born 1962) is a West Papuan human rights and environment activist. Born in Biak, he began English studies at Cenderawasih University ( Abepura) in 1982 and worked as a coordinator and field researcher at the Rural Community Development Foundation (YPMD) in Abepura. Joining the Institute for Human Rights Study and Advocacy now known as Elsham, the leading West Papuan human rights Non-governmental organization based in Jayapura he served as supervisor. His good English and excellent presentation skills then facilitated his role as Elsham's chairman of International Affairs travelling widely attending many international conferences informing the international community about West Papua. In February 2005, he suffered a stroke in New York, he is also fearful of returning to West Papua after a series of death threat A death threat is a threat, often made anonymously, by one person or a group of people to kill another person or group of people. These threats are o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nurdin Zainal
Nurdin may be *a variant spelling of the Muslim given name Nur al-Din Nur al-Din () is a male Arabic given name, translating to "light of Faith", ''nūr'' meaning "light" and ''dīn'' meaning "religion". More recently, the name has also been used as a surname. There are many Romanized spelling variants of the name. T ... "light of religion" *dialectal form of the name of Northend, Warwickshire {{Disambig ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Koran Tempo
''Koran Tempo'' (''Tempo Paper'') is a daily online digital newspaper in Indonesia. It is published by PT Tempo Inti Media Harian, a part of Tempo Inti Media, which also published ''Tempo'' magazine. It was first published as a print newspaper on April 2, 2001, with a circulation of 100,000 daily. ''Koran Tempo'' was originally published in broadsheet A broadsheet is the largest newspaper format and is characterized by long Vertical and horizontal, vertical pages, typically of in height. Other common newspaper formats include the smaller Berliner (format), Berliner and Tabloid (newspaper ... format, before being converted to tabloid in 2005. ''Koran Tempo'' ceased its print publication with the last edition on 31 December 2020, citing change on newspaper readers behavior and increase of its digital version subscribers. Starting in January 2021, the paper published on digital version only, which can be accessed from the paper's website and ''Tempo'' mobile application. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Suara Karya
''Suara Karya'' (lit. ''Voice of Creating'') was a daily newspaper published in Indonesia. Established in 1971 to assist Golkar in winning that year's Indonesian legislative election, 1971, legislative election, it became required reading for all civil servants and the voice of Golkar. After its circulation increased from 55,700 in 1971 to 300,000 in 1998, the fall of Suharto's dictatorship caused circulation to plummet to 3,000. , it was attempting rebranding to present cleaner, less biased news. It ceased print publication in 2016, although is still available online. History New Order (1971–1998) The first issue of ''Suara Karya'' was published on 11 March 1971 by the Suara Karya Foundation under direction of Golkar (Functional Group), prior to the Indonesian legislative election, 1971, July legislative election to assist the group. It took three days of preparation and Rp 50 million (at the time US$130,000) in start-up costs for the newspaper to be established. Its chie ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Military Of Indonesia
The asterisk ( ), from Late Latin , from Ancient Greek , , "little star", is a typographical symbol. It is so called because it resembles a conventional image of a heraldic star. Computer scientists and mathematicians often vocalize it as star (as, for example, in ''the A* search algorithm'' or ''C*-algebra''). An asterisk is usually five- or six-pointed in print and six- or eight-pointed when handwritten, though more complex forms exist. Its most common use is to call out a footnote. It is also often used to censor offensive words. In computer science, the asterisk is commonly used as a wildcard character, or to denote pointers, repetition, or multiplication. History The asterisk was already in use as a symbol in ice age cave paintings. There is also a two-thousand-year-old character used by Aristarchus of Samothrace called the , , which he used when proofreading Homeric poetry to mark lines that were duplicated. Origen is known to have also used the asteriskos to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Freeport-McMoRan
Freeport-McMoRan Inc., often called Freeport, is an American mining company based in the Freeport-McMoRan Center, in Phoenix, Arizona. The company is the world's largest producer of molybdenum, a major copper producer and operates the world's largest gold mine, the Grasberg mine in Papua, Indonesia. History Freeport Sulphur Company was founded July 12, 1912, by the eldest son of Svante Magnus "E.M." Swenson, banker Eric Pierson Swenson, with a group of investors, to develop sulfur mining at Bryan Mound salt dome, along the US Gulf Coast.''Poor's'' ''Poor's Government and Municipal Supplement'', Poor's Publishing Company, 1922, p. 760. Freeport, Texas was also established in Nov. 1912 to house workers, and serve as a port for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
