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Ellen Berger
Ellen Berger (1920/1921 – 16 April 1997) was an East German artistic gymnast, coach and International Gymnastics Federation (FIG) judge. Career Berger began her career as an artistic gymnast in Leipzig, ending her active career in 1951. In 1953, she became the East Germany women's national artistic gymnastics team coach, a post she held until 1976. Among others, she coached world and Olympic champion Karin Büttner-Janz and world champion Erika Zuchold. In 1968, she was elected to the Technical Committee of the FIG, and became President of the Committee in 1976. Berger is known for being associated with multiple controversial scoring instances at the Olympic Games. In the 1980 Games, she ruled that a British judge, Helen Thomas, had accidentally awarded Nadia Comaneci a 9.5 in the women's floor event instead of a 10 by pressing the wrong button. A British official denied this, stating the score had been changed following a Romanian team protest. Comaneci's 10 allowed her to ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East German
East Germany, officially known as the German Democratic Republic (GDR), was a country in Central Europe from its formation on 7 October 1949 until its reunification with West Germany (FRG) on 3 October 1990. Until 1989, it was generally viewed as a communist state and described itself as a socialist "workers' and peasants' state". The economy of the country was centrally planned and state-owned. Although the GDR had to pay substantial war reparations to the Soviets, its economy became the most successful in the Eastern Bloc. Before its establishment, the country's territory was administered and occupied by Soviet forces following the Berlin Declaration abolishing German sovereignty in World War II. The Potsdam Agreement established the Soviet-occupied zone, bounded on the east by the Oder–Neiße line. The GDR was dominated by the Socialist Unity Party of Germany (SED), a communist party, before being democratized and liberalized in 1989 as a result of the pressu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Rhonda Faehn
Rhonda Faehn (born April 28, 1971) is an American college gymnastics coach and former college and elite gymnast. Faehn was the head coach of the Florida Gators women's gymnastics team of the University of Florida for thirteen seasons, from 2003 to 2015. As a gymnast, Faehn competed at the 1987 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships and was named as an alternate for the U.S team at the 1988 Olympic Games in Seoul, South Korea. Faehn also competed collegiately, earning a scholarship to UCLA, where she attended from 1990 to 1994. She is best known for leading the Florida Gators to twelve consecutive appearances in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I women's gymnastics tournament, and three consecutive NCAA championships in 2013, 2014 and 2015. Faehn left the University of Florida in 2015 to become the Senior Vice President of USA Gymnastics, the governing body of gymnastics in the United States. On May 17, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1920s Births
Nineteen or 19 may refer to: * 19 (number) * One of the years 19 BC, AD 19, 1919, 2019 Films * ''19'' (film), a 2001 Japanese film * ''Nineteen'' (1987 film), a 1987 science fiction film * '' 19-Nineteen'', a 2009 South Korean film * '' Diciannove'', a 2024 Italian drama film informally referred to as "Nineteen" in some sources Science * Potassium, an alkali metal * 19 Fortuna, an asteroid Music * 19 (band), a Japanese pop music duo Albums * ''19'' (Adele album), 2008 * ''19'', a 2003 album by Alsou * ''19'', a 2006 album by Evan Yo * ''19'', a 2018 album by MHD * ''19'', one half of the double album '' 63/19'' by Kool A.D. * ''Number Nineteen'', a 1971 album by American jazz pianist Mal Waldron * ''XIX'' (EP), a 2019 EP by 1the9 Songs * "19" (song), a 1985 song by British musician Paul Hardcastle * "Stone in Focus", officially "#19", a composition by Aphex Twin * "Nineteen", a song from the 1992 album ''Refugee'' by Bad4Good * "Nineteen", a song from the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnastics Coaches
Gymnastics is a group of sport that includes physical exercises requiring Balance (ability), balance, Strength training, strength, Flexibility (anatomy), flexibility, agility, Motor coordination, coordination, artistry and endurance. The movements involved in gymnastics contribute to the development of the arms, legs, shoulders, back, chest, and Abdomen, abdominal muscle groups. Gymnastics evolved from exercises used by the Ancient Greece, ancient Greeks that included skills for mounting and dismounting a horse. The most common form of competitive gymnastics is artistic gymnastics (AG); for women, the events include floor (gymnastics), floor, vault (gymnastics), vault, uneven bars, and balance beam; for men, besides floor and vault, it includes still rings, rings, pommel horse, parallel bars, and horizontal bar. The governing body for competition in gymnastics throughout the world is the Fédération Internationale de Gymnastique (FIG). Eight sports are governed by the FIG, in ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
East German Female Artistic Gymnasts
East is one of the four cardinal directions or points of the compass. It is the opposite direction from west and is the direction from which the Sun rises on the Earth. Etymology As in other languages, the word is formed from the fact that east is the direction where the Sun rises: ''east'' comes from Middle English ''est'', from Old English ''ēast'', which itself comes from the Proto-Germanic *''aus-to-'' or *''austra-'' "east, toward the sunrise", from Proto-Indo-European *aus- "to shine," or "dawn", cognate with Old High German ''*ōstar'' "to the east", Latin ''aurora'' 'dawn', and Greek ''ēōs'' 'dawn, east'. Examples of the same formation in other languages include Latin oriens 'east, sunrise' from orior 'to rise, to originate', Greek ανατολή anatolé 'east' from ἀνατέλλω 'to rise' and Hebrew מִזְרָח mizraḥ 'east' from זָרַח zaraḥ 'to rise, to shine'. ''Ēostre'', a Germanic goddess of dawn, might have been a personification of both da ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Heart Attack
A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when Ischemia, blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart, causing infarction (tissue death) to the heart muscle. The most common symptom is retrosternal Angina, chest pain or discomfort that classically radiates to the left shoulder, arm, or jaw. The pain may occasionally feel like heartburn. This is the dangerous type of acute coronary syndrome. Other symptoms may include shortness of breath, nausea, presyncope, feeling faint, a diaphoresis, cold sweat, Fatigue, feeling tired, and decreased level of consciousness. About 30% of people have atypical symptoms. Women more often present without chest pain and instead have neck pain, arm pain or feel tired. Among those over 75 years old, about 5% have had an MI with little or no history of symptoms. An MI may cause heart failure, an Cardiac arrhythmia, irregular heartbeat, cardiogenic shock or cardiac arrest. Most MIs occur d ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Mary Lou Retton
Mary Lou Retton (born January 24, 1968) is an American retired gymnast. At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, she won a gold medal in the individual all-around competition, as well as two silver medals and two bronze medals. Retton's performance made her one of the most popular athletes in the United States. Her gold medal win was historic as Retton was the first American woman to win the all-around gold medal in Olympic gymnastics. Early life Mary Lou Retton was born on January 24, 1968, in Fairmont, West Virginia. Her father, Ronnie, operated a coal-industry transportation equipment business. She attended Fairmont Senior High School, but did not graduate. She competed in the 1984 Olympic Games in Los Angeles, California, during her sophomore year of high school. Gymnastics career Retton was inspired by watching Nadia Comăneci outshine defending Olympic two-event winner Olga Korbut on television at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal, when she herself was eight y ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnastics At The 1984 Summer Olympics – Women's Artistic Individual All-around
These are the results of the women's individual all-around competition, one of six events for female competitors in artistic gymnastics at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles. The qualification and final rounds took place on July 30, August 1 and 3 at UCLA’s Pauley Pavilion Edwin W. Pauley Pavilion, commonly known as Pauley Pavilion, is an indoor arena located in the Westwood Village district of Los Angeles, California, on the campus of UCLA. It is home to the UCLA Bruins men's and women's basketball teams. Th .... Results Sixty-five gymnasts competed in the compulsory and optional rounds on July 30 and August 1. The 36 highest scoring gymnasts advanced to the final on August 3. Each country was limited to three competitors in the final. Half of the points earned by each gymnast during both the compulsory and optional rounds carried over to the final. This constitutes each gymnast's "prelim" score. Final References External linksOfficial Olympic Report [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Gymnastics At The 1984 Summer Olympics
At the 1984 Summer Olympics, two different gymnastics disciplines were contested. In addition to the fourteen artistic gymnastics events contested, for the first time at the Olympics, a rhythmic gymnastics event was contested–the women's individual all-around. All of the gymnastics events were held at UCLA's Pauley Pavilion in Los Angeles from July 29 through August 11. Several countries who had qualified to compete were absent as a result of the 1984 Summer Olympics boycott, including the Soviet Union, Bulgaria, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, and North Korea. This was the first time in Olympic competition that eight gymnasts were allowed to move onto an apparatus final, instead of the previous six. The USSR and other satellite countries organized an ' Alternate Olympics' where the USSR, East Germany, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia and other Soviet Bloc (Cuba, North Korea, Poland and Hungary) nations competed. Artistic gymnastics Format of competition The artisti ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Don Peters
Don Peters is a former American gymnastics coach and head coach of the United States women's gymnastics team at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He was hired as head coach SCATS Gymnastics, a gymnastics club in Huntington Beach, California. Peters played football at Bellmar High School under coach Baptiste Manzini and later played at Belle Vernon Area High School. He later attended West Chester University and was a member of the West Chester Golden Rams gymnastics team and was team captain for his last year. Peters coached at Grossfeld School of Gymnastics then later SCATS Gymnastics. He became the head coach of the United States women's national artistic gymnastics team and oversaw their team silver medal at the 1984 Summer Olympics. In 2011, Peters was banned for life by USA Gymnastics United States of America Gymnastics (USA Gymnastics or USAG) is the national governing body for gymnastics in the United States. It sets the domestic rules and policies that govern the sport, p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Yuri Titov
Yuri Yevlampiyevich Titov (; born 27 November 1935) is a former Russian gymnast, Olympic champion and four times world champion, who competed for the Soviet Union. He won a total of nine Olympic medals from three Olympic games (1956, 1960 and 1964). Olympics Titov competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne where he won a gold medal in ''team combined exercises'' with the Soviet team (with Viktor Chukarin, Valentin Muratov, Boris Shakhlin, Albert Azaryan and Pavel Stolbov). He also won an individual silver medal in ''horizontal bar'', and bronze medals in ''all-around'' and ''vault''. He won silver and bronze medals at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, and two silver medals at the 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. World championships Titov won gold medals in ''vault'' and ''team'' at the 1958 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships in Moscow, and bronze medals in ''all-around'', ''floor exercise'', ''rings'' and ''horizontal bar''. He won gold medals in ''all-around'' a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
