Elizabeth Fowler (archaeologist)
Elizabeth Fowler was an archaeologist best known for her work on Iron Age and early medieval metalwork, particularly the 'Fowler Type' penannular brooch classification which bears her name. She also undertook fieldwork on Iona where she participated in the excavation of Tòrr an Aba at Iona Abbey. Education, early career and personal life Fowler was born in London in 1933. As a child she attended Sherrardswood School in Welwyn Garden City. As a young woman she became interested in archaeology, which was still a quite young field that contained very few women. She won a place at University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh University, where she was able to study archaeology. During this period, she catalogued and published the metalwork from the hillfort of Traprain Law, East Lothian, helping establish a rigorous chronology for the fort's occupation. She was awarded a Carnegie Scholarship to pursue a masters degree at Edinburgh University, and joined a small team to undertake the first mode ...
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Penannular Brooch
The Celtic brooch, more properly called the penannular brooch, and its closely related type, the pseudo-penannular brooch, are types of brooch clothes fasteners, often rather large; penannular means formed as an incomplete ring. They are especially associated with the beginning of the early medieval period in Ireland and Britain, although they are found in other times and places—for example, forming part of traditional female dress in areas in modern North Africa. Beginning as utilitarian fasteners in the Iron Age and Roman period, they are especially associated with the highly ornate brooches produced in precious metal for the elites of Ireland and Scotland from about 700 to 900, which are popularly known as Celtic brooches or similar terms. They are the most significant objects in high-quality secular metalwork from early medieval Celtic art, or Insular art, as art historians prefer to call it. The type continued in simpler forms such as the thistle brooch into the 11th centu ...
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