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Elaeophora
:''Elaeophora is also a synonym for the plant genus Plukenetia.'' ''Elaeophora'' is a genus of parasitic nematodes which live attached to the interior surfaces of major arteries, veins and/or heart chambers in various large mammal hosts. Infestation with ''Elaeophora'' species is referred to as elaeophorosis. The species of ''Elaeophora'' have been found in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. Despite the fact that they produce aneurysms in the arteries and heart of their hosts which measure up to 2 cm in diameter, overt clinical symptoms of infestation are seldom reported, with the notable exception of ''E. schneideri'' infestation in sheep, elk, and moose. Taxonomy The type species ''Elaeophora poeli'' was first described as ''Filaria poeli'' in 1879. In 1912, the genus ''Elaeophora'' was created to distinguish this species from the other species of the genus ''Filaria''. ''Elaeophora'' was made the senior synonym of the genera ''Alcefilaria'' and ''Cordophilus' ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaeophora Linglingense
:''Elaeophora is also a synonym for the plant genus Plukenetia.'' ''Elaeophora'' is a genus of parasitism, parasitic nematodes which live attached to the interior surfaces of major arteries, veins and/or heart chambers in various large mammal hosts. Infestation with ''Elaeophora'' species is referred to as elaeophorosis. The species of ''Elaeophora'' have been found in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America. Despite the fact that they produce aneurysms in the arteries and heart of their hosts which measure up to 2 cm in diameter, overt clinical symptoms of infestation are seldom reported, with the notable exception of ''E. schneideri'' infestation in sheep, elk, and moose. Taxonomy The type species ''Elaeophora poeli'' was first described as ''Filaria poeli'' in 1879. In 1912, the genus ''Elaeophora'' was created to distinguish this species from the other species of the genus ''Filaria''. ''Elaeophora'' was made the senior synonym (taxonomy), synonym of the genus, gen ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaeophora Schneideri
''Elaeophora schneideri'' (arterial worm; carotid worm; cause of elaeophorosis, aka "filarial dermatitis" or "sorehead" in sheep; or "clear-eyed" blindness in elk) is a nematode which infests several mammalian hosts in North America. It is transmitted by horse-flies. Infection in the normal definitive hosts, mule deer or black-tailed deer, seldom produces clinical symptoms. In other hosts, such as sheep, elk, moose, and goats, infection with ''E. schneideri'' leads to elaeophorosis. Symptoms of elaeophorosis include necrosis of the muzzle, ears, and optic nerves; lack of coordination (ataxia); facial or lower limb dermatitis; horn deformities; blindness; and death. Discovery Symptoms of elaeophorosis were first observed in 1933, in sheep (New Mexico) and mule deer (Utah) infested by an unknown nematode worm. Specimens were first described as ''Macdonaldius'' sp. in 1934, and later revised to ''Elaeophora schneideri'' Wehr and Dikmans, 1935. A more complete description of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaeophora Elaphi
''Elaeophora elaphi'' is a nematode parasite found in the blood vessels of the liver in Red Deer ('' Cervus elaphus'') in certain parts of Spain. The adult male measures 77 mm long and 549 μm wide, adult females are 91–109 mm long and 793-1049 μm wide, and microfilariae (in utero) are 225 μm long. Though adult ''E. elaphi'' induce lesions in the blood vessels, and appear to activate the local immune response, they seldom cause overt clinical symptoms in their hosts. Discovery and nomenclature ''Elaeophora elaphi'' was first described in 1986, from specimens found in the hepatic blood vessels of Red deer (''Cervus elaphus'') from "Sierra Morena", Córdoba, Spain. The "note added in proof" in that study mentions that similar worms were also found in sheep. Both male and female adults, as well as microcercariae dissected from the uterus of females were described. Hosts and geographic distribution So far, ''E. elaphi'' has only been described from ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaeophora Poeli
''Elaeophora poeli'' is a parasitic nematode found in the aorta, and sometimes the heart, of various cattle throughout Asia, and in parts of Africa. It is a large nematode, with males measuring 45–70 mm long and 200-260 μm wide, and females 40–300 mm long and 350 μm wide. Microfilariae are 340-346 μm long and 7.0-7.5 μm wide. Despite the fact that it lives in nodules ( aneurysms) in the walls of the aorta and heart, apparent clinical symptoms of ''E. poeli'' infestation are seldom reported. Discovery and nomenclature This species was first described from Water buffalo in 1879, and named ''Filaria poeli''. In 1912, it was transferred to the newly erected genus ''Elaeophora'' Railliet and Henry 1912. In 1938, a detailed redescription of ''E. poeli'' was published. In that study, ''E. poeli'' was determined to be the same animal that previous authors had referred to as ''Filaria blini'' and ''Filaria haemophila'', both isolated from Wat ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaeophora Abramovi
''Elaeophora abramovi'' is a nematode parasite found in the hepatic arteries of the Moose (''Alces alces'') in Russia. Discovery and nomenclature This species was first described in 1951 from adults found adhering to the inner wall of the hepatic arteries of a Russian Moose (''Alces alces''), and named ''Alcefilaria abramovi''. In 1974, it was transferred to the genus ''Cordophilus'', and in 1976 it was transferred to the genus ''Elaeophora''. Consequently, some of the older literature on this species uses the genus names ''Alcefilaria'' or ''Cordophilus''. Hosts and geographic distribution ''E. abramovi'' has been found in the hepatic arteries of European elk The elk (''Cervus canadensis''), also known as the wapiti, is one of the largest species within the deer family, Cervidae, and one of the largest terrestrial mammals in its native range of North America and Central and East Asia. The common ... (''Alces alces''), Reindeer (''Rangifer tarandus'') and Red dee ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaeophora Bohmi
''Elaeophora bohmi'' is a nematode parasite found in various arteries of the horse. The adult males are 44-55 mm long and 95 μm wide, while adult females can be over 12 cm long and 210 μm wide. Microfilariae are not sheathed, and measure 300-330 μm long and 6-7 μm wide. The life cycle and clinical symptoms of infestation by ''E. bohmi'' have not been described. Discovery and nomenclature ''Elaeophora bohmi'' was first described in 1953, from adults found in the arteries and veins in the extremities of Austrian horses. In 1976, some authors considered it to be a species of the genus ''Onchocerca'' -- ''Onchocerca bohmi'' (Supperer 1953) Bain et al., 1976 -- but most recent parasitology texts still refer to this species as ''Elaeophora bohmi''. Hosts and geographic distribution So far, ''E. bohmi'' has only been found in horses (''Equus caballus'') in Austria and Iran. Adults were found in the medial layer or outside layer of tissues within the artery wall. Life cy ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Elaeophora Sagitta
''Elaeophora sagitta'' is a parasite, parasitic nematode found in the heart, coronary artery, coronary arteries and pulmonary artery, pulmonary arteries of several ruminant species and African buffaloes in Africa. Infestation usually occurs without significant health effects in the Greater kudu (''Tragelaphus strepsiceros''), but may affect cardiac function in some other host species. Discovery and nomenclature This species was first described in 1907 from the heart of a Bushbuck (''Tragelaphus scriptus'') from Cameroon, and named ''Filaria sagitta''. In 1926, it was transferred to the genus ''Cordophilus'', as ''Cordophilus sagittus.'' In 1976, the genus ''Cordophilus'' was made a synonym (taxonomy), synonym of the genus ''Elaeophora'', so this species became ''Elaeophora sagitta''. Hosts and geographic distribution Adults of ''E. sagitta'' have been found attached to the inner walls of the chambers and vessels of the heart, as well as the arterioles of the lungs of various ho ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Plukenetia
''Plukenetia'' is a genus of plant of the family Euphorbiaceae. It is widespread in tropical regions of Africa, the Indian Subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and the Americas The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World. Along with th ....Gillespie, L.J. (2007). A revision of Paleotropical ''Plukenetia'' (Euphorbiaceae) including two new species from Madagascar. Systematic Botany 32: 780-802. ;Species ;formerly included moved to other genera ('' Hamilcoa'', '' Romanoa'') References External links Plukenetieae Euphorbiaceae genera Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus Pantropical flora {{Euphorbiaceae-stub ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Deer
Deer or true deer are hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk (wapiti), the red deer, and the fallow deer; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer (caribou), white-tailed deer, the roe deer, and the moose. Male deer of all species (except the water deer), as well as female reindeer, grow and shed new antlers each year. In this they differ from permanently horned antelope, which are part of a different family ( Bovidae) within the same order of even-toed ungulates (Artiodactyla). The musk deer ( Moschidae) of Asia and chevrotains ( Tragulidae) of tropical African and Asian forests are separate families that are also in the ruminant clade Ruminantia; they are not especially closely related to Cervidae. Deer appear in art from Paleolithic cave paintings onwards, and they have played a role in mythology, religion, and literature throughout history, as well as in hera ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Antelope
The term antelope is used to refer to many species of even-toed ruminant that are indigenous to various regions in Africa and Eurasia. Antelope comprise a wastebasket taxon defined as any of numerous Old World grazing and browsing hoofed mammals belonging to the family Bovidae of the order Artiodactyla. A stricter definition, also known as the "true antelopes," includes only the genera '' Gazella'', '' Nanger'', '' Eudorcas'' and '' Antilope''. One North American species, the pronghorn, is colloquially referred to as the "American antelope," but it belongs to a different family from the African and Eurasian antelopes. A group of antelope is called a herd. Unlike deer antlers, which are shed and grown annually, antelope horns grow continuously. Etymology The English word "antelope" first appeared in 1417 and is derived from the Old French ''antelop'', itself derived from Medieval Latin ''ant(h)alopus'', which in turn comes from the Byzantine Greek word ἀνθόλοψ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Taurotragus
''Taurotragus'' is a genus of large antelopes of the African savanna, commonly known as elands. It contains two species: the common eland ''T. oryx'' and the giant eland ''T. derbianus''. Taxonomy ''Taurotragus'' is a Genus (biology), genus of large African antelopes, placed under the subfamily Bovinae and Family (biology), family Bovidae. The Binomial nomenclature#Authority, genus authority is the German zoologist Johann Andreas Wagner, who first mentioned it in the journal ''Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur, mit Beschreibungen'' in 1855. The name is composed of two Greek language, Greek words: ταῦρος (''taûros''), meaning a "bull" or "bullock", and τράγος (''trágos''), meaning a "male goat"—in reference to the tuft of hair that grows in the eland's ear which resembles a goat's beard. The genus consists of two species: ''Taurotragus'' is sometimes considered part of the genus ''Tragelaphus'' on the basis of molecular phylogenetics. Together w ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
African Forest Buffalo
The African forest buffalo (''Syncerus caffer nanus''), also known as the dwarf buffalo or the Congo buffalo, is the smallest subspecies of the African buffalo. It is related to the Cape buffalo (''Syncerus caffer caffer''), the Sudan buffalo (''Syncerus caffer brachyceros''), and the Nile buffalo (''Syncerus caffer aequinoctialis''). However, it is the only subspecies that occurs mainly in the rainforests of central and western Africa with an annual rainfall around 1,500 mm. It has been proposed to represent a distinct species, ''Syncerus nanus''. Description The African forest buffalo is a small subspecies of the African buffalo. Cape buffaloes weigh , whereas African forest buffaloes are much lighter, weighing in at 250 to 320 kg (550–705 lbs).Korte 115 Weight is not the only differentiation, however; this subspecies has a reddish-brown hide that is darker in the facial area. The shape and size of the horns distinguish African forest buffalo from the other ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
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