Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate
The General Intelligence Service ( ; GIS), often referred to as the Mukhabarat ( ) is an Egyptian intelligence agency, and secret police force, responsible for providing national security intelligence, both domestically and internationally.Sullivan and Jones (2008): 33 The GIS is part of the Egyptian intelligence community, together with the office of Military Intelligence Services and Reconnaissance ( ) and National Security Agency ( ). History The decision to set up an Egyptian intelligence service was taken following the Egyptian Revolution of 1952, led by the Free Officers Movement, when Egypt was under increased threat from foreign adversaries, such as the United Kingdom, and the State of Israel. The General Intelligence Directorate was formally established by then Prime Minister, and future President, Gamal Abdel Nasser, in 1954, and placed under the command of Zakaria Mohieddin. It was formed with the help of the CIA that backed the Free Officers in their coup agains ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Government Of Egypt
The politics of Egypt takes place within the framework of a republican semi-presidential system of government. The current political system was established following the 2013 Egyptian military coup d'état, and the takeover of President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi. In the current system, the President is elected for a six-year term. Furthermore, the President has the power to dissolve Parliament through Article 137. The Parliament of Egypt is the oldest legislative chamber in Africa and the Middle East. The unicameral Parliament has the ability to impeach the President through Article 161. With 2020 elections to the new Senate, the chamber became bicameral. Presidency The position was created after the Egyptian Revolution of 1952; Mohammed Naguib was the first to hold the position. Before 2005, the Parliament chose a candidate for the presidency and the people voted, in a referendum, whether or not they approved the proposed candidate for president. After the Egyptian Revolution of ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Front Organization
A front organization is any entity set up by and controlled by another organization, such as intelligence agencies, organized crime groups, terrorist organizations, secret societies, banned organizations, religious or political groups, advocacy groups, or corporations. Front organizations can act for the parent group without the actions being attributed to the parent group, thereby allowing them to hide certain activities from the authorities or the public. Front organizations that appear to be independent voluntary associations or charitable organizations are called front groups. In the business world, front organizations such as front companies or shell corporations are used to shield the parent company from legal liability. In international relations, a puppet state is a state which acts as a front (or surrogate) for another state. Intelligence agencies Intelligence agencies use front organizations to provide "cover", plausible occupations and means of income, for their ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Abdel Fattah El-Sisi
Abdel Fattah Saeed Hussein Khalil El-Sisi (born 19 November 1954) is an Egyptian politician and retired military officer who has been serving as the sixth and current president of Egypt since 2014. After the 2011 Egyptian revolution and 2012 election of Mohamed Morsi to the Egyptian presidency, the first democratic election in the history of the country, Sisi was appointed Minister of Defense and Commander-in-Chief of the Egyptian Armed Forces in August 2012, replacing Hussein Tantawi. Following large scale protests against Morsi's presidency, Sisi led the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, overthrowing Morsi on 3 July 2013. Demonstrations and sit-ins organized by supporters of the Muslim Brotherhood and Egyptian democracy followed. Under the command of Sisi, two camps of protesters were violently dispersed in Cairo: one at al-Nahda Square and a larger one at Rabaa al-Adawiya Square, the Rabaa massacre, leading to international criticism. The dispersal of pro-Morsi sit-ins ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Ynetnews
Ynet (stylized in all lowercase) is an Israeli news and general-content website, and the online outlet for the '' Yedioth Ahronoth'' newspaper. History Ynet launched on June 6, 2000, in Hebrew, following other Hebrew outlet's website launches including ''Haaretz'', Maariv and '' Globes''. According to ''Globes'', the launch of Ynet may have been delayed due to concerns about Ynet cannibalizing the '' Yedioth Ahronoth'' newspaper. The website had 130 staff members at launch, and the original columnists included Ofer Shelah and Gadi Taub. Its content is separate from the newspaper. In addition, Ynet hosts the online version of Yedioth Aharanot's media group magazines: Lalsha (which also operates Ynet's fashion section), Pnai Plus, Blazer, GO Magazine, and Mentha. For two years, Ynet also had an Arabic edition, which ceased operation in May 2005. Ynet's main competition comes from Walla!, Mako and Nana. Since 2008, Ynet is Israel's most popular internet portal, as measured by ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Mohamed Fareed
Major General Mohamed Ahmed Fareed Al-Tuhami (; 1947 – 22 July 2024) was a former director of the Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate (EGID). Fareed graduated from the Egyptian Military Academy in Cairo in 1967. He attended various training courses including the General Command and Staff Course. During his military career he served in leadership positions in the infantry and mechanical infantry, then became commander of a tactical formation, and was appointed General Director of the military intelligence and reconnaissance department (DIM) of Ministry of Defence (MoD). He has been described as a mentor to General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, the current President of Egypt. In 2004, President Mubarak appointed him as the Head of the Administrative Control Authority (ACA), a governmental agency set up in 1964 which specialized in combating corruption. In September 2012, President Mohamed Morsi fired him, following reports that he was hiding evidence against former President Hos ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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General
A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air force, air and space forces, marines or naval infantry. In some usages, the term "general officer" refers to a rank above colonel."general, adj. and n.". OED Online. March 2021. Oxford University Press. https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/77489?rskey=dCKrg4&result=1 (accessed May 11, 2021) The adjective ''general'' had been affixed to officer designations since the late medieval period to indicate relative superiority or an extended jurisdiction. French Revolutionary system Arab system Other variations Other nomenclatures for general officers include the titles and ranks: * Adjutant general * Commandant-General, Commandant-general * Inspector general * General-in-chief * General of the Air Force (USAF only) * General of the Armies, General of the Armies of the United States (of America), a title created for General John J. Pershing, and subsequently grante ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Adly Mansour
Adly Mahmoud Mansour (, ; born 23 December 1945) is an Egyptian judge and politician who served as the president (or chief justice) of the Supreme Constitutional Court of Egypt. He also served as interim president of Egypt from 4 July 2013 to 8 June 2014 following the 2013 Egyptian coup d'état by the military which deposed President Mohamed Morsi. Several secular and religious figures, such as the Grand Imam of al-Azhar ( Ahmed el-Tayeb), the Coptic Pope ( Tawadros II), and Mohamed ElBaradei supported the coup against President Morsi and the military appointed Mansour interim-president until an election could take place. Morsi refused to acknowledge his removal as valid and continued to maintain that only he could be considered the legitimate President of Egypt. Mansour was sworn into office in front of the Supreme Constitutional Court on 4 July 2013. Early life and education Mansour was born in Cairo. He graduated from Cairo University Law School in 1967, earned a postgr ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Mohamed Raafat Shehata
Mohamed Raafat Shehata Abdel Wahed is an Egyptian major general, soldier, and intelligence officer. At the beginning of his career in the Intelligence Service he worked for the Egyptian Strategic Research Center. He was said to have helped negotiate the prisoner swap deal between Hamas and Israel, including the release of imprisoned Israeli soldier Gilad Shalit, in October 2011. He was undersecretary of Egyptian General Intelligence Directorate (EGID) since early 2012, and appointed as acting director of the EGID by Egyptian President Mohamed Morsi on 8 August 2012 after Major-General Murad Muwafi was sacked from the post. On 18 September 2012, he was promoted as Egypt's new EGID director. He became commander of the Republican Guard A republican guard, sometimes called a national guard, is a state organization of a country (often a republic, hence the name ''Republican'') which typically serves to protect the head of state and the government, and thus is often synonymous ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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2012–13 Egyptian Protests
1 (one, unit, unity) is a number, numeral, and glyph. It is the first and smallest positive integer of the infinite sequence of natural numbers. This fundamental property has led to its unique uses in other fields, ranging from science to sports, where it commonly denotes the first, leading, or top thing in a group. 1 is the unit of counting or measurement, a determiner for singular nouns, and a gender-neutral pronoun. Historically, the representation of 1 evolved from ancient Sumerian and Babylonian symbols to the modern Arabic numeral. In mathematics, 1 is the multiplicative identity, meaning that any number multiplied by 1 equals the same number. 1 is by convention not considered a prime number. In digital technology, 1 represents the "on" state in binary code, the foundation of computing. Philosophically, 1 symbolizes the ultimate reality or source of existence in various traditions. In mathematics The number 1 is the first natural number after 0. Each natural numbe ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Mohamed Morsi
Mohamed Mohamed Morsi Eissa Al-AyyatThe spellings of his first and last names vary. survey of 14 news organizations plus Wikipedia in July 2012 archive at Wayback Machine found that 11 used "Mohamed" and four used "Mohammed"; nine used "Morsi", five used "Mursi", and one used "Morsy". The official Egypt State Information Service uses both "Morsi" and "Morsy". (; ; 8 August 1951 – 17 June 2019) was an Egyptian politician, engineer, and professor who was the fifth president of Egypt, from 2012 to 2013, when Egyptian Army ranks, General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi removed him from office in a 2013 Egyptian coup d'état, coup d'état after June 2013 Egyptian protests, protests in June. Affiliated with the Muslim Brotherhood organization, Morsi led the Freedom and Justic ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Vice President Of Egypt
The vice president of the Arab Republic of Egypt is a senior official within the Egyptian government. History of the office Before 1971 In 1962, President Gamal Abdel Nasser instituted collective leadership in Egypt, separating the post of Prime Minister from that of President and establishing a presidential council to deal with all issues formerly considered presidential prerogatives. Five of the council's 11 members were Vice-Presidents of Egypt. Under the 1971 Constitution According to article 139 of the 1971 Constitution, the President "may appoint one or more Vice-Presidents define their jurisdiction and relieve them of their posts. The rules relating to the calling to account of the President of the Republic shall be applicable to the Vice-Presidents." The Constitution gave broad authority to the President to determine the number of Vice-Presidents, as well as their appointment, dismissal and duties of office. After the 2011 amendments, the president should appointed a ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |
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Murad Muwafi
Mourad Mouwafi or Muwafi (; born 2 February 1950) is an Egyptian politician and major-general. Mouwafi was also the governor of Northern Sinai during a 2011 uprising in the region. He was appointed the Director of the Egyptian Intelligence shortly before the end of the Mubarak regime. He was dismissed by former President Mohamed Morsi from the position on 8 August 2012. Early life and education * Joined Abbassia High School for extraordinary achievers. * Earned his high school diploma (Thanawia Amma) in 1968. * Joined the Egyptian Military Academy, where he graduated in 1970 (class no.57). * Joined Egyptian Special Forces (The Thunderbolt) and served for sixteen years. * Earned a special certificate in special operations and climbing mountains from France. Positions # Participated in the War of Attrition. # Participated in the October war 1973. # Teacher in the Special Forces. # Wing Commander in the School of Special Forces. # Commander of an infantry battalion (198 ... [...More Info...]       [...Related Items...]     OR:     [Wikipedia]   [Google]   [Baidu]   |