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Eelam War IV
Eelam War IV is the name given to the fourth and final phase of armed conflict between the Sri Lankan military and the separatist Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). Renewed hostilities began on the 26 July 2006, when Sri Lanka Air Force fighter jets bombed several LTTE camps around Mavil Aru anicut. The government's ''casus belli'' was that the LTTE had cut off the water supply to surrounding paddy fields in the area. Shutting down the sluice gates of the Mavil Aru on July 21 depriving the water to over 15,000 people - Sinhalese and Muslim settlers under Sri Lankan state-sponsored colonisation schemes in Trincomalee district. They were denied of water for drinking and also cultivating over 30,000 acres of paddy and other crops. The fighting resumed after a four-year ceasefire between the Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) and LTTE. Continued fighting led to several territorial gains for the Sri Lankan Army, including the capture of Sampur, Vakarai and other parts of the e ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
LTTE Black Tiger
The Black Tigers () was an elite suicide commando (special operations capable) unit of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), a militant Tamil separatist organization in Sri Lanka. They were specially selected and trained LTTE cadres whose missions included direct action, irregular warfare, and mounting suicide attacks primarily against military targets. Economic and political targets were also attacked at times, among them Sri Lankan President Ranasinghe Premadasa and former Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi. Civilians were also killed during certain attacks, such as the bombing of the Central Bank and the Temple of the Tooth attack. Since their formation in 1987 until the defeat of the Tamil Tigers in 2009, more than 330 Black Tigers carried out suicide attacks on air, land, and sea, mostly in Sri Lanka. Experts estimated that the Black Tigers had carried out the most suicide attacks reported around the world by the time the Sri Lankan civil war ended in 2009. H ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Embargo
Economic sanctions or embargoes are commercial and financial penalties applied by states or institutions against states, groups, or individuals. Economic sanctions are a form of coercion that attempts to get an actor to change its behavior through disruption in economic exchange. Sanctions can be intended to compel (an attempt to change an actor's behavior) or deter (an attempt to stop an actor from certain actions).Haidar, J.I., 2017Sanctions and Exports Deflection: Evidence from Iran" Economic Policy (Oxford University Press), April 2017, Vol. 32(90), pp. 319–355. Sanctions can target an entire country or they can be more narrowly targeted at individuals or groups; this latter form of sanctions are sometimes called "smart sanctions". Prominent forms of economic sanctions include trade barriers, asset freezes, travel bans, arms embargoes, and restrictions on financial transactions. The efficacy of sanctions in achieving intended goals is a subject of debate. Scholars hav ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ranil Wickremasinghe
Ranil Wickremesinghe (; ; born 24 March 1949) is a Sri Lankan politician who served as the ninth president of Sri Lanka from 2022 to 2024. He has also served as Prime Minister of Sri Lanka from 1993–1994, 2001–2004, 2015–2018, 2018-2019 and in 2022. Wickremesinghe has held several ministerial roles, including Minister of Finance, Minister of Defence, Minister of Technology and Minister of Women, Child Affairs and Social Empowerment. Wickremesinghe has led the United National Party (UNP) since 1994. Born into a political family, Wickremesinghe graduated from the University of Ceylon and qualified as a lawyer from the Ceylon Law College in 1972. He entered politics in the mid-1970s with the UNP, first being elected to Parliament in 1977. Over the years, he held various ministerial positions, including Minister of Foreign Affairs, Youth Affairs and Employment, and Industry, Science and Technology. He first became prime minister in 1993 following the assassination of Presid ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
United National Front (Sri Lanka)
The United National Front (UNF) (), later the United National Front for Good Governance (UNFGG) ( ''Eksath Yahapalana Jathika Peramuna''; ), was a political alliance in Sri Lanka led by the United National Party. The UNF was the governing party of the Parliament of Sri Lanka from 2015 to 2020. The alliance once consisted of 7 parties, including the largest Muslim party in Sri Lanka, the Sri Lanka Muslim Congress, and the Sinhalese nationalist Jathika Hela Urumaya. Since 2020, however, the alliance has been rendered mostly nugatory, having only one national list seat in the parliament and the UNP being the only constituent party of the alliance. History United National Front (2001–2015) The UNF was formed as an alliance in 2001 to contest against the ruling SLFP-led People's Alliance led by president Chandrika Kumaratunga in the 2001 parliamentary elections. The alliance initially consisted of only the United National Party, the Ceylon Workers' Congress, the Sri Lanka Mus ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
2001 Sri Lankan Parliamentary Election
Parliamentary elections were held in Sri Lanka on 5 December 2001, just a little over a year after the previous elections in October 2000. Background The People's Alliance (PA) government faced a blow when most of the SLMC MPs left the coalition. President Chandrika Kumaratunga tried to recruit the JVP to replace it, but this angered several PA MPs, thirteen of which defected to the opposition. A no-confidence motion was prepared; to forestall this, Kumaratunga called the election. More than 1,300 incidents of election violence were reported during the campaign. Prime Minister Ratnasiri Wickremanayake was nearly killed by a suicide bomber. Overall, 60 people were killed in election-related violence, including 14 on polling day.http://www.economist.com/displayStory.cfm?story_id=898423 Parties * Democratic People's Liberation Front (DFLP) * Eelam People's Democratic Party (EPDP) * People's Alliance (Bahejana Nidasa Pakhsaya, BNP), which consisted of: ** Communist Party of ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Nandikadal Lagoon
Nanthi Kadal () is a lagoon in Mullaitivu District, north-east Sri Lanka. The English translation of Nanthi Kadal is "the sea of conches". Fed by a number of small rivers including Per Aru, the town of Mullaitivu is located on land sandwiched between it and the Indian Ocean. Nanthi Kadal is thus sometimes referred to as Mullaitivu lagoon. The lagoon is notable for being the location of the military defeat of the LTTE and death of its leader Vellupillai Prabhakaran Velupillai Prabhakaran (; ; ; 26 November 1954 – 18 May 2009) was a Sri Lankan guerrilla and a major figure of Tamil nationalism, being the founder and leader of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE). The LTTE was a militant organiza .... References {{Lagoons of Sri Lanka Bodies of water of Mullaitivu District Lagoons of Sri Lanka ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Katunayake
Katunayake (, ), is a suburb of Negombo in Western Province, Sri Lanka. It is the site of Bandaranaike International Airport, the primary international air gateway to Sri Lanka. With the change of government in 1977 and the introduction of the open economy policy a large area was allocated to create a free trade zone (currently known as the Export Promotion Zone). Government and infrastructure Civil Aviation Authority of Sri Lanka has its head office in Katunayake. SriLankan Airlines is headquartered on the grounds of the airport in Katunayake.SriLankan Airlines - Contact Us / SriLankan Airlines Offices ." . Retrieved on 29 September 2009.< ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Government Of Sri Lanka
The Government of Sri Lanka (GoSL) (; ) is a Semi-presidential republic determined by the Constitution of Sri Lanka, Sri Lankan Constitution. It administers the island from both its commercial capital of Colombo and the administrative capital of Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte. Constitution The Constitution of Sri Lanka has been the constitution of the island nation of Sri Lanka since its original promulgation by the National State Assembly on 7 September 1978. It is Sri Lanka's second republican constitution and its third constitution since the country's independence (as Ceylon) in 1948, after the Donoughmore Constitution, Soulbury Commission, Soulbury Constitution, and Sri Lankan Constitution of 1972, Constitution of 1972. As of October 2020, it has been formally amended 21 times. Executive branch The President, directly elected for a five-year term, is head of state, head of government, Chief executive (gubernatorial), chief executive, and commander-in-chief of the armed for ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Sri Lankan State-sponsored Colonisation Schemes
Sri Lankan state-sponsored colonization schemes is the government program of settling mostly Sinhalese farmers from the densely populated wet zone into the sparsely populated areas of the dry zone. This has taken place since the 1950s near tanks and reservoirs being built in major irrigation and hydro-power programs such as the Mahaweli project. Sinhala Buddhist nationalists within the Sri Lankan government, Buddhist clergy and Mahaweli department have deliberately targeted the Tamil majority northeast for state sponsored Sinhala colonisation, with the explicit intention to take the land into "Sinhala hands" away from the Tamils,Bart Klem & Thiruni Kelegama (2020) Marginal placeholders: peasants, paddy and ethnic space in Sri Lanka’s post-war frontier, The Journal of Peasant Studies, 47:2, 346-365, DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2019.1572604 and to disrupt the Tamil-speaking continuity between the north and east.Thiruni Kelegama, April 10th, 2023, Development Gone Wrong: Sri Lanka a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Casus Belli
A (; ) is an act or an event that either provokes or is used to justify a war. A ''casus belli'' involves direct offenses or threats against the nation declaring the war, whereas a ' involves offenses or threats against its ally—usually one bound by a mutual defense pact. Either may be considered an A declaration of war usually contains a description of the ''casus belli'' that has led the party in question to declare war on another party. Terminology The term ''casus belli'' came into widespread use in Europe in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries through the writings of Hugo Grotius (1653), Cornelius van Bynkershoek (1707), and Jean-Jacques Burlamaqui (1732), among others, and due to the rise of the political doctrine of '' jus ad bellum'' or " just war theory". The term is also used informally to refer to any "just cause" a nation may claim for entering into a conflict. It is used to describe the case for war given before the term came into wide use, and to descri ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
