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Edwin Oppler
Edwin Oppler (18 June 1831, in Oels – 6 September 1880, in Hanover) was a German architect of Jewish ancestry,Arno Herzig: ''Jüdische Geschichte in Deutschland. Von den Anfängen bis zur Gegenwart'', C. H. Beck Verlag, 2002, and , pg. 179; and a major representative of the Neo-Gothic style. He designed several synagogues, throughout Germany, all of which were destroyed by rioters on Kristallnacht. Biography He was the second son of Saloh Oppler, a wine merchant, and his wife Minna, née Seldis. Very little is known about his childhood, except that he attended primary school in Oels from 1837 to 1840, then went to school in Breslau.Peter Eilitz: "Leben und Werk des königl. Hannoverschen Baurats Edwin Oppler". In: ''Hannoversche Geschichtsblätter'' new edition, Vol.25, 1971, pgs.127–310; In 1849, he went to Hanover, where he studied with Conrad Wilhelm Hase at the Technical University until 1854. This was followed by an apprenticeship as a carpenter. After becoming a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bourgeois
The bourgeoisie ( , ) is a social class, equivalent to the middle or upper middle class. They are distinguished from, and traditionally contrasted with, the proletariat by their affluence, and their great cultural and financial capital. They are sometimes divided into a petty (), middle (), large (), upper (), and ancient () bourgeoisie and collectively designated as "the bourgeoisie". The bourgeoisie in its original sense is intimately linked to the existence of cities, recognized as such by their urban charters (e.g., municipal charters, town privileges, German town law), so there was no bourgeoisie apart from the citizenry of the cities. Rural peasants came under a different legal system. In Marxist philosophy, the bourgeoisie is the social class that came to own the means of production during modern industrialization and whose societal concerns are the value of property and the preservation of capital to ensure the perpetuation of their economic supremacy in societ ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Architects
Jews ( he, יְהוּדִים, , ) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of historical History of ancient Israel and Judah, Israel and Judah. Jewish ethnicity, nationhood, and religion are strongly interrelated, "Historically, the religious and ethnic dimensions of Jewish identity have been closely interwoven. In fact, so closely bound are they, that the traditional Jewish lexicon hardly distinguishes between the two concepts. Jewish religious practice, by definition, was observed exclusively by the Jewish people, and notions of Jewish peoplehood, nation, and community were suffused with faith in the Jewish God, ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Synagogue Architecture
Synagogue architecture often follows styles in vogue at the place and time of construction. There is no set blueprint for synagogues and the architectural shapes and interior designs of synagogues vary greatly. According to tradition, the Divine Presence (Shekhinah) can be found wherever there is a ''minyan,'' a quorum, of ten. A synagogue always contains an ark where the Torah scrolls are kept, called the ''aron qodesh'' () by Ashkenazi Jews and the ''hekhal'' by Sephardic Jews. Blueprint for synagogues The ark may be more or less elaborate, even a cabinet not structurally integral to the building or a portable arrangement whereby a Torah is brought into a space temporarily used for worship. There must also be a table, often on a raised platform, from which the Torah is read. The table/platform, called '' bimah'' by eastern Ashkenazim, ''almemmar'' (or ''balemmer'') by Central and Western Ashkenazim and ''tebah'' by Sephardim, where the Torah is read (and from where the se ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
19th-century German Architects
The 19th (nineteenth) century began on 1 January 1801 ( MDCCCI), and ended on 31 December 1900 ( MCM). The 19th century was the ninth century of the 2nd millennium. The 19th century was characterized by vast social upheaval. Slavery was abolished in much of Europe and the Americas. The First Industrial Revolution, though it began in the late 18th century, expanding beyond its British homeland for the first time during this century, particularly remaking the economies and societies of the Low Countries, the Rhineland, Northern Italy, and the Northeastern United States. A few decades later, the Second Industrial Revolution led to ever more massive urbanization and much higher levels of productivity, profit, and prosperity, a pattern that continued into the 20th century. The Islamic gunpowder empires fell into decline and European imperialism brought much of South Asia, Southeast Asia, and almost all of Africa under colonial rule. It was also marked by the collapse of the l ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1880 Deaths
Year 188 (CLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known in the Roman Empire as the Year of the Consulship of Fuscianus and Silanus (or, less frequently, year 941 ''Ab urbe condita''). The denomination 188 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years. Events By place Roman Empire * Publius Helvius Pertinax becomes pro-consul of Africa from 188 to 189. Japan * Queen Himiko (or Shingi Waō) begins her reign in Japan (until 248). Births * April 4 – Caracalla (or Antoninus), Roman emperor (d. 217) * Lu Ji (or Gongji), Chinese official and politician (d. 219) * Sun Shao, Chinese general of the Eastern Wu state (d. 241) Deaths * March 17 – Julian, pope and patriarch of Alexandria * Fa Zhen (or Gaoqing), Chinese scholar (b. AD 100) * Lucius Antistius Burrus, Roman politician (executed) * Ma Xiang, Ch ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1831 Births
Events January–March * January 1 – William Lloyd Garrison begins publishing ''The Liberator'', an anti- slavery newspaper, in Boston, Massachusetts. * January 10 – Japanese department store, Takashimaya in Kyoto established. * February–March – Revolts in Modena, Parma and the Papal States are put down by Austrian troops. * February 2 – Pope Gregory XVI succeeds Pope Pius VIII, as the 254th pope. * February 5 – Dutch naval lieutenant Jan van Speyk blows up his own gunboat in Antwerp rather than strike his colours on the demand of supporters of the Belgian Revolution. * February 7 – The Belgian Constitution of 1831 is approved by the National Congress. * February 8 - Aimé Bonpland leaves Paraguay. * February 14 – Battle of Debre Abbay: Ras Marye of Yejju marches into Tigray, and defeats and kills the warlord Sabagadis. * February 25 – Battle of Olszynka Grochowska (Grochów): Polish rebel force ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Hugo Thielen
Hugo Thielen (born 1946) is a German freelance author and editor, who is focused on the history of Hanover, the capital of Lower Saxony, in a lexicon of the city, another one especially of its art and culture, and a third of biographies. He co-authored a book about Jewish personalities in Hanover's history. Life Thielen studied German language and literature, philosophy and education at the University of Bonn from 1966, completing with the Staatsexamen in 1971. He has lived in Hanover from 1973, working as editor and author for various publishing houses. He worked for , a publisher mainly of school readers, until 1981, for the Th. Schäfer Verlag until 1995, also for the Postskriptum Verlag, for Hirschgraben, a publisher of school readers in Frankfurt am Main, for in Lüneburg and Springe, and for . From 1983 to 1995 he was a freelance music critic for the '' Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung'' (HAZ). He is head of a Verlagsbüro, an office for freelance writers. Publications ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Dirk Böttcher
Dirk Böttcher (13 October 1921 – 23 January 2011) was a German printer master, author and president of the association of Friends of the Historisches Museum Hannover. Life Böttcher was born in Hanover. He passed his Abitur at the and was drafted to the Wehrmacht, serving until 1945. In 1948 he became a master printing teacher and received the Betriebleiter diploma of the Meisterschule für Deutschlands Buchdrucker in Munich. Until 1964, Böttcher was head of a printing shop in São Paulo. He then was associate of the Carl Küster printing company in Hanover. He was a long-term president of the association of Friends of the Historisches Museum Hannover. Böttcher died at age 89 in Hanover..Obituary 29 January 2011 Publications Böttcher is co-author of the following works: * Klaus Mlyn ...[...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
New Synagogue (Wrocław)
The New Synagogue was the largest synagogue in Breslau, Germany (now Wrocław, Poland). It was one of the largest synagogues in the German Empire and a centre of Reform Judaism in Breslau. It was built in 1865–1872, and designed by Edwin Oppler. It was burnt down during the Kristallnacht pogrom which swept across Nazi Germany on 9–10 November 1938. History Manuel Joël Manuel Joël (or ''Joel''; October 19, 1826 – November 3, 1890) was a German Jewish philosopher and preacher. He was born in Birnbaum (Międzychód), Grand Duchy of Posen. After teaching for several years at the Breslau rabbinical seminary, ..., who had become the rabbi for the Reform Jewish community in 1863, was the first rabbi to head the community in the new building. He died in 1890, and was followed by Jacob Guttman, who served until his death in 1919. Dr. Hermann Vogelstein became the rabbi in 1920. On November 4, 1938, there was a farewell service for him, and a welcome service for Dr. ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the World War II by country, vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II was a total war that directly involved more than 100 million Military personnel, personnel from more than 30 countries. The major participants in the war threw their entire economic, industrial, and scientific capabilities behind the war effort, blurring the distinction between civilian and military resources. Air warfare of World War II, Aircraft played a major role in the conflict, enabling the strategic bombing of population centres and deploying the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, only two nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II was by far the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in hu ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
