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Ed Murphy (activist)
Ed Murphy (born August 6, 1945) is an American peace and labor activist, the founding and retired Executive Director of the Workforce Development Institute. He was a former military intelligence soldier who exposed the CIA's Phoenix Program in April 1970. Early life Murphy attended a public grammar school and graduated from St. Peter's Boys High School, run by the Christian Brothers. When he discerned a vocation to the priesthood, he chose the Paulist Fathers in Baltimore. He spent his third year in seminary in silence and meditation as a Paulist novitiate without academic classes, radio, TV or newspapers. In July 1966 he left the seminary without being ordained, returning to secular life. He surrendered his draft deferment and enlisted in the military, to work in Military Intelligence. In January 1967 he attended Basic Training at Fort Gordon, Georgia and then returned to Baltimore for the US Army Intelligence School at Fort Holabird; followed by eight months studying Vie ...
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Workforce Development Institute
Workforce Development Institute (WDI) is headquartered in Albany, New York, and has 10 regional offices throughout New York State ( Capital Region, Central New York, Hudson Valley, Long Island, Lower Hudson Valley, Mohawk Valley, New York City, North Country, Rochester/Genesee Valley, and Western New York). About WDI is a statewide non-profit that works to grow and keep good jobs in New York State. WDI uses a range of tools - including ground level information, workforce expertise, and funding - to facilitate projects that build skills and strengthen employer's ability to hire and promote workers. WDI's work often fills gaps not covered by other organizations. History WDI began in 2003 as a partner to the New York State AFL–CIO and Area Labor Federations to provide workforce training and education services to regional and local unions. Its role has since evolved and is now focused more broadly on the growth and retention of good jobs in NYS through a variety of mechanisms incl ...
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Vietnam Moratorium
The Moratorium to End the War in Vietnam was a massive demonstration and teach-in across the United States against the United States involvement in the Vietnam War. It took place on October 15, 1969, followed a month later, on November 15, 1969, by a large Moratorium March in Washington, D.C. Fred Halstead writes that it was "the first time he anti-war movementreached the level of a full-fledged mass movement." First Moratorium Background When the new Republican president, Richard Nixon, took office on January 20, 1969, about 34,000 Americans had been killed fighting in Vietnam by that point.Karnow, Stanley ''Vietnam: A History'', New York: Viking Press, 1983 p.601. During Nixon's first year in office, from January 1969 to January 1970, about another 10,000 Americans were killed fighting in Vietnam. Though Nixon talked much in 1969 of his plans for "Peace with Honor" and Vietnamization, the general feeling at the time was that Nixon's policies were essentially the same as Ly ...
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City University Of New York
The City University of New York (CUNY, pronounced , ) is the Public university, public university system of Education in New York City, New York City. It is the largest urban university system in the United States, comprising 25 campuses: eleven Upper division college, senior colleges, seven community colleges, and seven professional institutions. The university enrolls more than 275,000 students. CUNY alumni include thirteen List of Nobel laureates affiliated with the City University of New York as alumni or faculty, Nobel Prize winners and twenty-four MacArthur Fellows Program, MacArthur Fellows. The oldest constituent college of CUNY, City College of New York, was originally founded in 1847 and became the first free public institution of higher learning in the United States. In 1960, John R. Everett became the first chancellor of the Municipal College System of New York City, later known as the City University of New York (CUNY). CUNY, established by New York state legislation ...
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Organized Labor
The labour movement is the collective organisation of working people to further their shared political and economic interests. It consists of the trade union or labour union movement, as well as political parties of labour. It can be considered an instance of class conflict. * In trade unions, workers campaign for higher wages, better working conditions and fair treatment from their employers, and through the implementation of labour laws, from their governments. They do this through collective bargaining, sectoral bargaining, and when needed, strike action. In some countries, co-determination gives representatives of workers seats on the board of directors of their employers. * Political parties representing the interests of workers campaign for labour rights, social security and the welfare state. They are usually called a labour party (in English-speaking countries), a social democratic party (in Germanic and Slavic countries), a socialist party (in Romance countri ...
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Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City (HCMC) ('','' TP.HCM; ), commonly known as Saigon (; ), is the most populous city in Vietnam with a population of around 14 million in 2025. The city's geography is defined by rivers and canals, of which the largest is Saigon River. As a Municipalities of Vietnam, municipality, Ho Chi Minh City consists of 16 List of urban districts of Vietnam, urban districts, five Huyện, rural districts, and one Municipal city (Vietnam), municipal city (sub-city). As the largest financial centre in Vietnam, Ho Chi Minh City has the largest gross regional domestic product out of all Vietnam provinces and municipalities, contributing around a quarter of the Economy of Vietnam, country's total GDP. Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area, Ho Chi Minh City's metropolitan area is List of ASEAN country subdivisions by GDP, ASEAN's 5th largest economy, also the biggest outside an ASEAN country capital. The area was initially part of Cambodian states until it became part of the Vietna ...
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United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is the Earth, global intergovernmental organization established by the signing of the Charter of the United Nations, UN Charter on 26 June 1945 with the stated purpose of maintaining international peace and international security, security, to develop friendly Diplomacy, relations among State (polity), states, to promote international cooperation, and to serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of states in achieving those goals. The United Nations headquarters is located in New York City, with several other offices located in United Nations Office at Geneva, Geneva, United Nations Office at Nairobi, Nairobi, United Nations Office at Vienna, Vienna, and The Hague. The UN comprises six principal organizations: the United Nations General Assembly, General Assembly, the United Nations Security Council, Security Council, the United Nations Economic and Social Council, Economic and Social Council, the International Court of Justice, the United Nations Se ...
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Mario Cuomo
Mario Matthew Cuomo ( , ; June 15, 1932 – January 1, 2015) was an American lawyer and politician who served as the 52nd governor of New York for three terms, from 1983 to 1994. A member of the Democratic Party (United States), Democratic Party, Cuomo previously served as the lieutenant governor of New York from 1979 to 1982 and the secretary of State of New York, secretary of state of New York from 1975 to 1978. He was the father of former New York governor Andrew Cuomo and NewsNation News presenter, anchor Christopher Cuomo. Cuomo was known for his Modern liberalism in the United States, liberal views and public speeches, particularly A Tale of Two Cities (speech), his keynote speech address at the 1984 Democratic National Convention in which he sharply criticized the policies of the Ronald Reagan, Reagan administration, saying, "Mr. President, you ought to know that this nation is more a ''A Tale of Two Cities, Tale of Two Cities'' than it is just a shining 'city upon a ...
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Saratoga Springs Public Library
Saratoga Springs Public Library (SSPL), established in 1950, is a public library located in Saratoga Springs in the Capital District area of New York. SSPL serves the Saratoga Springs City School District. Services and facilities The three-story building on Henry Street that now houses the library was opened in 1995. SSPL offers a wide variety of services in the building and via the web site. The library offers a collection of current, high demand print and non-print items, including books on tape or compact discs, DVDs, as well as access to online electronic information resources, downloadable audiobooks, ebooks and videos, and much more. The library provides public computer access to library card and non-card holders, printing, 3D printing, scanning, faxing, and free WiFi. Librarians are available to respond to the information needs of customers who walk-in or phone-in with questions. SSPL also provides Ask-A-Librarian, an email reference service. Individuals who wish to res ...
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Saratoga Spa State Park
Saratoga Spa State Park is a state park located in Saratoga County, New York, Saratoga County, New York (state), New York in the United States. The park is in the Saratoga Springs, New York, City of Saratoga Springs, near U.S. Route 9 in New York, US 9 and New York State Route 50, NY 50. The grounds contain mineral springs, classical bath and spa houses, and the Saratoga Performing Arts Center. History The area, part of which became the park, drew interest from Mohawk Nation, Mohawk and Iroquois Native Americans in the United States, Native American tribes for its hunting and mineral springs. The Native American name for the area was ''Kayaderosseras''. The first recorded use of the springs was by Sir William Johnson during the French and Indian War, who was brought to Saratoga to recover from wounds. In the 19th century, the area became much visited for its purported homeopathy, medicinal effects. Entrepreneurs dug wells and bottled the mineral water for sale and gas compani ...
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Saratoga Springs, New York
Saratoga Springs is a Administrative divisions of New York#City, city in Saratoga County, New York, United States. The population was 28,491 at the United States Census 2020, 2020 census. The name reflects the presence of mineral springs in the area, which has made Saratoga a popular resort destination for over 200 years. It is home to the Saratoga Race Course, a thoroughbred horse racing track operated by the New York Racing Association, New York Racing Association, and Saratoga Performing Arts Center, a music and dance venue. The city's official slogan is "Health, History, and Horses". History The Mohawk people, Mohawk Indigenous people used the area that is now Saratoga Springs as prime hunting ground, and some thought of the mineral springs as a gift from Manitou. The British built Fort Saratoga in 1691 on the west bank of the Hudson River. During the early part of the 1700s, settlers from Europe began to develop the area. Shortly thereafter, British colonists settled the ...
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Citizens Commission Of Inquiry
The National Committee for a Citizens Commission of Inquiry on U.S. war crimes in Vietnam (CCI) was founded in New York in November 1969 by Ralph Schoenman. The purpose was to document American wartime atrocities throughout Indochina. The founding of the organization was prompted by Seymour Hersh's disclosure on November 13, 1969 in ''The St. Louis Post-Dispatch'' concerning the March 1968 My Lai massacre. CCI was the first organization to bring to public attention the testimony of Vietnam War veterans who had witnessed or participated in atrocities. Origins Schoenman had previously worked on the International War Crimes Tribunal founded by Bertrand Russell. CCI had a policy‐making board that included Schoenman, Noam Chomsky, Dick Gregory, Melvin L. Wulf, director of the Legal Department, American Civil Liberties Union, Eric Seitz, executive secretary, National Lawyers Guild and Andy Stapp. Schoenman soon left CCI in the hands of two New Left anti-war activists, Tod Ensign ...
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Michael Uhl
Michael Uhl (born 1944) is a Vietnam veteran, antiwar activist, critic and academic. Early life and education Uhl was born in 1944 and grew up in Babylon, Long Island, New York. He graduated with a BS in Theoretical linguistics from the Faculty of Languages and Linguistics, Georgetown University. He holds an interdisciplinary Ph.D. in American Studies and Writing (Creative Non-fiction) from the Union Institute and University. Career In the Army, Uhl served in Vietnam during 1968-69 as a first lieutenant, where he led a combat intelligence team with the 11th Infantry Brigade. After Vietnam, Uhl entered a doctoral program in linguistics at New York University, and became immediately involved in the antiwar movement, joining the New York City based Citizens Commission of Inquiry on U.S. War Crimes in Vietnam (CCI) as a full-time organizer. He helped organize the National Veterans Inquiry and the Winter Soldier Investigation. In 1970, Uhl joined Ed Murphy in exposing the Phoenix P ...
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