|
East Working Group
The Doğu Çalışma Grubu (DÇG; ) was an alleged group within the Turkish military said to be linked to the Ergenekon organization, and possibly organised within the Turkish Gendarmerie's JITEM.dunyabulteni.net, 29 January 2009Jitem'in Doğu Çalışma Grubu deşifre edildi According to former PKK commander Şemdin Sakık, the group was formed in 1993 and carried out a number of assassinations in preparation for the 1993 alleged Turkish military coup. According to Sakık, these assassinations included (in 1993) President Turgut Özal, former Major Cem Ersever, former Turkish Gendarmerie general commander Eşref BitlisToday's Zaman, 6 November 2012Secret witness reveals identity, shady ties between PKK and Ergenekon and General Bahtiyar Aydın.Today's Zaman, 1 June 2012Ex-PKK commander Sakık blames military junta for deaths of 33 soldiers Turgut Özal died in office on 17 April 1993 in suspicious circumstances and few and a month later the 24 May 1993, PKK ambush took place, b ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Turkey
Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly located in Anatolia in West Asia, with a relatively small part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe. It borders the Black Sea to the north; Georgia (country), Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran to the east; Iraq, Syria, and the Mediterranean Sea to the south; and the Aegean Sea, Greece, and Bulgaria to the west. Turkey is home to over 85 million people; most are ethnic Turkish people, Turks, while ethnic Kurds in Turkey, Kurds are the Minorities in Turkey, largest ethnic minority. Officially Secularism in Turkey, a secular state, Turkey has Islam in Turkey, a Muslim-majority population. Ankara is Turkey's capital and second-largest city. Istanbul is its largest city and economic center. Other major cities include İzmir, Bursa, and Antalya. First inhabited by modern humans during the Late Paleolithic, present-day Turkey was home to List of ancient peoples of Anatolia, various ancient peoples. The Hattians ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Bahtiyar Aydın
Bahtiyar Aydın (194622 October 1993) was a Turkish general. He was a regional commander in the Turkish Gendarmerie in Lice, Turkey in southeastern Turkey when he was assassinated by a sniper using a Kanas rifle. Officially a victim of the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) (which denied responsibility), his death has long been considered suspicious. He was said to have "close relations with the public" and not to approve of the extrajudicial violence which was commonly used by the Turkish military in south-eastern Turkey at the time. Response to assassination According to former PKK commander Şemdin Sakık, Aydın was one of those assassinated by the Doğu Çalışma Grubu, an alleged group within the Turkish military said to be linked to the Ergenekon organization.Today's Zaman, 1 June 2012Ex-PKK commander Sakık blames military junta for deaths of 33 soldiers Other witnesses to the Ergenekon trials have also said that Aydın was assassinated by Ergenekon - possibly by PKK ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Susurluk Scandal
The Susurluk scandal () or Susurluk accident (), was a 1996 political scandal in Turkey that exposed a close relationship between the Turkish government, the ultra-nationalistic paramilitary Grey Wolves (organization), Grey Wolves organization and the Turkish mafia. It took place during the peak of the Kurdish–Turkish conflict in the mid-1990s. The scandal surfaced with a Susurluk car crash, car–truck collision on November 3, 1996, near the small town of Susurluk in the province of Balıkesir. The victims included the deputy chief of the Istanbul Police Department, a Member of Parliament, and Abdullah Çatlı, the leader of the Grey Wolves and a contract killer for the National Intelligence Organization (Turkey) (MİT), who was on Interpol's INTERPOL notice, red list at the time of his death. The peculiar connections of those involved in the crash with Interior Minister Mehmet Ağar brought to light the existence of a deep state in Turkey and an internal power struggle wit ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Castle Plan
The Castle Plan () was a Turkish government plan to widen the range of means used to fight the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK). This included using the resources of the Counter-Guerrilla, such as the Grey Wolves, as well as police and army units such as JITEM and the Special Forces Command, to assassinate PKK members and supporters. The plan was approved by the National Security Council under President Turgut Özal and Prime Minister Süleyman Demirel, but not put into effect immediately due to the opposition of Özal and Eşref Bitlis, the Commander of the Gendarmerie of Turkey.Michael M. Gunter (1998): "Susurluk: The connection between turkey's intelligence community and organized crime", International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence, 11:2, 119-141 Özal in particular favoured attempts to move forward the peace process, which produced the PKK's first cease-fire declaration on 20 March 1993. Eşref Bitlis died in a suspicious plane crash on 17 February 1993, and ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1997 Military Memorandum (Turkey)
The 1997 military memorandum (, "28 February"; also called ''postmodern darbe'', "post-modern coup") in Turkey refers to a memorandum, in which decisions issued by the Turkish military leadership on a National Security Council meeting on 28 February 1997 resulted in the resignation of Islamist prime minister Necmettin Erbakan of the Welfare Party, and the end of his coalition government. As the government was forced out without dissolving the parliament or suspending the constitution, the event has been famously labelled a "postmodern coup" by the Turkish admiral Salim Dervişoğlu. The process after the coup is alleged to have been organised by the West Working Group, a purported clandestine group within the military. Preparations The operation was planned by generals İsmail Hakkı Karadayı, Çevik Bir, Teoman Koman, Çetin Doğan, Necdet Timur, and Erol Özkasnak. In 2012, Hasan Celal Güzel said that General Teoman Koman had approached him in September 1996 with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Batı Çalışma Grubu
The Batı Çalışma Grubu (BÇG; ) was an alleged clandestine grouping within the Turkish military said to be linked to the Ergenekon organization. It was allegedly set up in 1997 by General Çevik Bir (then deputy-chief of the General Staff of the Republic of Turkey) as part of the process relating to the 1997 military memorandum (the "post-modern coup"), and active until at least May 2009. The primary activity of the group appears to have been classifying politicians, military personnel, journalists and others according to ethnic background, religious affiliation and political leanings, and to monitor the activity of those considered a potential danger to secularism in Turkey. This included monitoring some religious communities outside Turkey. It has been claimed that in 1997 BÇG had records on 6 million people, and offices in the Higher Education Board (YÖK) as well as in each branch of the military. Creation General Çevik Bir (then deputy-chief of the General Staff) has ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party Ceasefire
The Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire of 1993 was a short lived ceasefire declared by Abdullah Öcalan at a press conference he held together with Jalal Talabani ahead of Newroz on 17 March 1993. Background The Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) waged a guerrilla war against Turkey since 1984. Their demands initially included independence for a Kurdistan to be created out of the Kurdish areas in Turkey, but later transformed into a demand for more political and cultural freedom. In 1991, the Government of Turgut Özal ended the denial of the Kurdish identity by the Turkish government, a policy majorly implemented by the Turkish government since its first constitution in 1924. Following, Öcalan gave interviews to several newspapers based in Turkey and spoke of his willingness to reach a political solution in the conflict with Turkey. History At the press conference on 17 March with Jalal Talabani, the leader of the Patriotic Union of Kurdistan (PUK), three aspects of the cea ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
May 24, 1993 PKK Ambush
The 24 May 1993 PKK attack, sometimes referred to as the Bingöl massacre was a Kurdistan Workers Party (PKK) attack on unarmed Turkish military soldiers on the Elazığ- Bingöl highway, west of Bingöl. 33 Turkish soldiers and varying conflicting accounts of civilians were killed (two, four, five). This occurred following the breaking of the first ever PKK-Turkish ceasefire when Turkish forces attacked the PKK in Kulp. Background In late 1991, Turkish president Turgut Özal attempted to establish dialogue with the PKK. He had said the idea of a federation could be discussed and a Kurdish language TV channel could be opened. He also passed a bill, partially unbanning the use of the Kurdish language. In response the PKK declared a cease-fire on 20 March 1993. On 17 April 1993 Turgut Özal died under suspicious circumstances. The Turkish military began to increase their attacks on the PKK, in particular on 19 May, in Kulp killing around a dozen rebels. Under the control o ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Today's Zaman
''Today's Zaman'' (Zaman is Turkish for 'time' or 'age') was an English-language daily newspaper based in Turkey. Established on 17 January 2007, it was the English-language edition of the Turkish daily '' Zaman.'' ''Today's Zaman'' included domestic and international coverage, and regularly published topical supplements. Its contributors included cartoonist Cem Kızıltuğ. On 4 March 2016, a state administrator was appointed to run ''Zaman'' as well as ''Today's Zaman''. Since a series of corruption investigations went public on 17 December 2013 which targeted high ranking government officials, the Turkish government has been putting pressure on media organizations that are critical of it. , the website of ''Today's Zaman'' had not been updated since 5 March, while all archived articles prior to March 2016 were removed. On July 20, 2016, five days after the military coup attempt, ''Today's Zaman'' was shut down after an executive decree by President Recep Tayyip Erdogan; a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ergenekon (organization)
Ergenekon () was the name given to an alleged clandestine, secular Ultranationalism, ultra-nationalist organization in Turkey with possible ties to members of the country's Turkish Armed Forces, military and Law enforcement in Turkey, security forces. The would-be group, named after Epic of Ergenekon, Ergenekon, a mythical place located in the inaccessible valleys of the Altay Mountains, was accused of terrorism in Turkey. Some believed Ergenekon was part of the "deep state". The existence of the "deep state" was affirmed in Turkish opinion after the Susurluk scandal in 1996. Alleged members had been indicted on charges of plotting to strategy of tension, foment unrest, among other things by assassinating intellectuals, politicians, judges, military staff, and religious leaders, with the ultimate goal of toppling the incumbent government. Ergenekon's ''modus operandi'' had been compared to Operation Gladio's Turkish branch, the Counter-Guerrilla. By April 2011, over 500 people h ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Eşref Bitlis
Eşref Bitlis (Malatya 1933 – Ankara 17 February 1993) was a general in the Turkish Gendarmerie, who died in a controversial plane crash. Background He was born 1933 in the eastern Anatolian city of Malatya, Turkey. He attended the Turkish Military Academy, finishing it in 1952 with the rank of lieutenant. In 1966, he graduated from the War Academy of the Army (). After completing a language course in Germany, Bitlis studied further at the Academy of the Turkish Armed Forces (), graduating in 1969. Later, he was educated at the Führungsakademie der Bundeswehr, the highest military academy of the German armed forces. He graduated in Germany in 1973. Career Following his graduation in Germany in 1973, Bitlis returned home and served one year as head teacher at the War Academy of the Army. In 1978, Eşref Bitlis was promoted to brigadier general and appointed commander of the 2nd Commando Brigade in Bolu, a mountain warfare specialized unit. After becoming a major general ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cem Ersever
Ahmet Cem Ersever (1950 – 4 November 1993) was a commander in the Turkish Gendarmerie, and said to be one of the founders of the Gendarmerie's JITEM intelligence unit. He was assassinated in November 1993. is a retired Turkish brigadier-general. He is thought to be the founder of the JİTEM intelligence arm of t .... Books * Ersever (under pen-name ''Ahmet Aydın''biyografi.netCem Ersever - (04.11.1993) /ref>) (1993), ''Kürtler, PKK ve A. Öcalan'', KİYAP * Ersever (under pen-name ''Ahmet Aydın'') (1993), ''Üçgendeki tezgâh'' ("Conspiracy in the Triangle"), KİYAP * Çetin Ağaşe (2003), ''Cem Ersever ve JİTEM gerçeği'', Bilge Karınca * Tutkun Akbaş (2009), ''Cem Ersever'in son 90 günü ve kayıp kitabı "Şam'daki kemancı"'', Dama Yayınları References {{DEFAULTSORT:Ersever, Cem 1950 births 1993 deaths People from Erzurum Turkish Military Academy alumni Turkish Army officers Turkish Gendarmerie personnel JİTEM personnel Assassinated Turkish milita ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
