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Earl Martineau
Earl Thomas Martineau (August 30, 1896 – January 20, 1966) was an American college football player and coach. He played halfback at the University of Minnesota and was selected as an All-American in 1922 and 1923 and served as the captain of the 1923 Minnesota team. While at the University of Minnesota, Martineau was a member of Sigma Chi fraternity. After graduating from Minnesota, Martineau became a football coach. From 1924 to 1928, he was the head football coach at Western Michigan University, then known as Western State Normal School and Western State Teachers College, compiling a record of 27–10–1 in five seasons. His 1926 team tallied a record of 7–1. Martineau later served as a backfield coach for Purdue. In 1932, Martineau began a long association with Fritz Crisler. He was the backfield coach for Crisler at Princeton University from 1932 to 1937 and an assistant coach under Crisler at the University of Michigan from 1938 to 1945. Early life and playing career M ...
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Minneapolis
Minneapolis is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 429,954 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the state's List of cities in Minnesota, most populous city. Located in the state's center near the eastern border, it occupies both banks of the Upper Mississippi River and adjoins Saint Paul, Minnesota, Saint Paul, the state capital of Minnesota. Minneapolis, Saint Paul, and the surrounding area are collectively known as the Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Twin Cities, a metropolitan area with 3.69 million residents. Minneapolis is built on an artesian aquifer on flat terrain and is known for cold, snowy winters and hot, humid summers. Nicknamed the "City of Lakes", Minneapolis is abundant in water, with list of lakes in Minneapolis, thirteen lakes, wetlands, the Mississippi River, creeks, and waterfalls. The city's public park system is connected by the Grand Rounds National Scenic Byway. Dakota people orig ...
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Sigma Chi
Sigma Chi () International Fraternity is one of the largest North American social Fraternities and sororities, fraternities. The fraternity has 244 active undergraduate chapters and 152 alumni chapters across the United States and Canada and has initiated over 350,000 members. The fraternity was founded on June 28, 1855, at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio, by members who split from the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity. Sigma Chi is divided into seven operational entities: the Sigma Chi Fraternity, the Sigma Chi Foundation, the Sigma Chi Canadian Foundation, the Risk Management Foundation, Constantine Capital Inc., the Blue and Gold Travel Services, and the newly organised Sigma Chi Leadership Institute. Like all fraternities, Sigma Chi has its own colors, insignia, and rituals. According to the fraternity's constitution, "the purpose of this fraternity shall be to cultivate and maintain the high ideals of friendship, justice, and learning upon which Sigma Chi was founded." Histor ...
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1926 College Football Season
The 1926 college football season was the first in which an attempt was made to recognize a national champion after the season. Stanford, coached by Pop Warner, was the top team in the U.S. under the Dickinson System and was awarded the newly established Rissman Trophy. Unbeaten Stanford (10–0) faced unbeaten Alabama (9–0) in the Rose Bowl, and the two teams played to a 7–7 tie. Some prominent retroactive rankings have recognized Navy as the season's champion. Seven years after the season Parke H. Davis, a renowned football historian and football rules committee member, retroactively ranked Lafayette (9–0), where he had previously coached, a "National Champion Foot Ball Team" in ''Spalding's Official Foot Ball Guide''. Conference and program changes Conference changes *Five new conferences began play in 1926 **'' Buckeye Athletic Association'' – a conference active through the 1938 season ** Pacific Northwest Conference – an active NCAA Division III conference ...
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1925 Western State Normal Hilltoppers Football Team
The 1925 Western State Normal Hilltoppers football team represented Western State Normal School (later renamed Western Michigan University) as an independent during the 1925 college football season. In their second season under head coach Earl Martineau Earl Thomas Martineau (August 30, 1896 – January 20, 1966) was an American college football player and coach. He played halfback at the University of Minnesota and was selected as an All-American in 1922 and 1923 and served as the captain of t ..., the Hilltoppers compiled a 6–2–1 record and outscored their opponents, 125 to 47. Quarterback Walter Farrer was the team captain. Schedule References Western State Normal Western Michigan Broncos football seasons Western State Normal Hilltoppers football {{collegefootball-1925-season-stub ...
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1925 College Football Season
The 1925 college football season ended with no clear national champion. At the close of the season, noted sports writer Billy Evans described the championship contest as "a dead heat" among Dartmouth, Tulane, Michigan, Washington, and Alabama. Dartmouth, led by halfback Andy Oberlander, compiled an 8–0-0 record and outscored its opponents by a total of 340 to 29. Having defeated Harvard, Cornell, and Chicago, was declared the national champion at the end of the season by the Dickinson System, and retroactively by Parke H. Davis. Alabama compiled a 10–0-0 record and has been recognized (retroactively) as national champion by the Billingsley Report, Boand System, College Football Researchers Association, Helms Athletic Foundation, and others. In an intersectional game between undefeated teams, Alabama (9-0-0) defeated Pacific Coast Conference champion Washington (9-0-1) by a 20–19 score in the 1926 Rose Bowl; that game has been called "the game that changed the Sou ...
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1924 Western State Normal Hilltoppers Football Team
The 1924 Western State Normal Hilltoppers football team represented Western State Normal School (later renamed Western Michigan University) as an independent during the 1924 college football season. In their first season under head coach Earl Martineau, the Hilltoppers compiled a 6–1 record. Tackle Oscar Johnson was the team captain. Martineau was hired as the Hilltoppers' head coach in June 1924. He had played college football for Minnesota the prior year and been selected by Walter Camp to the 1923 College Football All-America Team. Minnesota coach William H. Spaulding William H. Spaulding (May 4, 1880 – October 12, 1966) was an American football player and coach of football, basketball, and baseball. Spaulding coached at UCLA from 1925 to 1938. He had a successful tenure, compiling a 72–51–8 () record. H ..., who had previously coached the Hilltoppers, recommended Martineau for the job. Schedule References Western State Normal Western Michigan Broncos foo ...
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1924 College Football Season
The 1924 college football season was the year of the Four Horsemen as the Notre Dame team, coached by Knute Rockne, won all of its games, including the Rose Bowl, to be acclaimed as the best team in the nation. Notre Dame and Stanford were both unbeaten at season's end, with the Fighting Irish winning the Rose Bowl contest 27–10. The Penn Quakers were retroactively awarded a national championship by Parke H. Davis. Red Grange's Illinois team upset Michigan. The Illini were upset by Minnesota, which in turn was upset by Vanderbilt. Fred Russell's ''Fifty Years of Vanderbilt Football'' dubs 1924 "the most eventful season in the history of Vanderbilt football." Centre claimed a southern title in its last season of national relevance, upsetting Wallace Wade's first SoCon champion Alabama team. Alabama did not lose another game until 1927. Conference and program changes Conference changes *Three new conferences began play in 1924: ** Missouri Intercollegiate Athletic ...
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Track And Field
Track and field (or athletics in British English) is a sport that includes Competition#Sports, athletic contests based on running, jumping, and throwing skills. The name used in North America is derived from where the sport takes place, a running track and a grass field for the throwing and some of the jumping events. Track and field is categorized under the umbrella sport of athletics, which also includes road running, cross country running and racewalking. Though the sense of "athletics" as a broader sport is not used in American English, outside of the United States the term ''athletics'' can either be used to mean just its track and field component or the entirety of the sport (adding road racing and cross country) based on context. The foot racing events, which include sprint (running), sprints, middle-distance running, middle- and long-distance running, long-distance events, racewalking, and hurdling, are won by the athlete who completes it in the least time. The jumpin ...
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The New York Times
''The New York Times'' (''NYT'') is an American daily newspaper based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' covers domestic, national, and international news, and publishes opinion pieces, investigative reports, and reviews. As one of the longest-running newspapers in the United States, the ''Times'' serves as one of the country's Newspaper of record, newspapers of record. , ''The New York Times'' had 9.13 million total and 8.83 million online subscribers, both by significant margins the List of newspapers in the United States, highest numbers for any newspaper in the United States; the total also included 296,330 print subscribers, making the ''Times'' the second-largest newspaper by print circulation in the United States, following ''The Wall Street Journal'', also based in New York City. ''The New York Times'' is published by the New York Times Company; since 1896, the company has been chaired by the Ochs-Sulzberger family, whose current chairman and the paper's publ ...
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United States Marine Corps
The United States Marine Corps (USMC), also referred to as the United States Marines or simply the Marines, is the maritime land force service branch of the United States Department of Defense. It is responsible for conducting expeditionary and amphibious operations through combined arms, implementing its own infantry, artillery, aerial, and special operations forces. The U.S. Marine Corps is one of the six armed forces of the United States and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. The Marine Corps has been part of the United States Department of the Navy since 30 June 1834 with its sister service, the United States Navy. The USMC operates installations on land and aboard sea-going amphibious warfare ships around the world. Additionally, several of the Marines' tactical aviation squadrons, primarily Marine Fighter Attack squadrons, are also embedded in Navy carrier air wings and operate from the aircraft carriers. The history of the Marine ...
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Minneapolis, Minnesota
Minneapolis is a city in Hennepin County, Minnesota, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 429,954 as of the 2020 United States census, 2020 census, it is the state's List of cities in Minnesota, most populous city. Located in the state's center near the eastern border, it occupies both banks of the Upper Mississippi River and adjoins Saint Paul, Minnesota, Saint Paul, the state capital of Minnesota. Minneapolis, Saint Paul, and the surrounding area are collectively known as the Minneapolis–Saint Paul, Twin Cities, a metropolitan area with 3.69 million residents. Minneapolis is built on an artesian aquifer on flat terrain and is known for cold, snowy winters and hot, humid summers. Nicknamed the "City of Lakes", Minneapolis is abundant in water, with list of lakes in Minneapolis, thirteen lakes, wetlands, the Mississippi River, creeks, and waterfalls. The city's public park system is connected by the Grand Rounds National Scenic Byway. Dakota people orig ...
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University Of Michigan
The University of Michigan (U-M, U of M, or Michigan) is a public university, public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States. Founded in 1817, it is the oldest institution of higher education in the state. The University of Michigan is one of the earliest American research universities and is a founding member of the Association of American Universities. In the fall of 2023, the university employed 8,189 faculty members and enrolled 52,065 students in its programs. The university is Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education, classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity". It consists of nineteen colleges and offers 250 degree programs at the undergraduate and graduate levels. The university is Higher education accreditation in the United States, accredited by the Higher Learning Commission. In 2021, it ranked third among American universities in List of countries by research and development spending, research expe ...
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