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EU Foreign Subsidies Regulation
The Foreign Subsidies Regulation (FSR) is the EU's response to foreign subsidies not tackled by the World Trade Organization (WTO) framework, notably from China. It aims to prevent subsidies that distort trading conditions. Starting on 12 July 2023, companies receiving distortive amounts of subsidies from non-EU countries can no longer take part in large company mergers that would affect the EU internal market. Furthermore, these companies can no longer obtain large public procurement contracts in the EU. The mergers affecting the internal market must be notified to the European Commission's competition branch ( DG COMP), whereas the large public contracts must be notified to the internal market directorate ( DG GROW). DG GROW can also itself initiate investigations of any kind of distortive subsidies, so-called ''ex-officio'' investigations. The Foreign Subsidies Regulation sits within a broader toolkit consisting of the EU subsidy ("state aid") control, the EU FDI screening frame ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Ora 02 Cat GT IAA 2021 1X7A0172
ORA or Ora may refer to: Arts and entertainment * ''Ora'' (film), a 2011 experimental dance film * ''Ora'' (Jovanotti album), 2011, or the title track * ''Ora'' (Rita Ora album), 2012 * Ora TV, an on-demand television company * Rita Ora (born 1990), British-Albanian singer-songwriter and actress * "Ora", a 2014 song by James Booker Languages * Ivbiosakon language, spoken in Edo, Nigeria * Oroha language, spoken in the Solomon Islands (ISO 639-3:ora) Organizations * Ocean Recovery Alliance, an organization for improving oceanic health * ''Organisation de résistance de l'armée'', a paramilitary group in France during World War II * Organization for the Resolution of Agunot, a nonprofit to reform Jewish divorce * Reformist Party ORA, a political party in Kosovo * Authentic Renewal Organization (''Organización Renovadora Autentica''), a Venezuelan political party * Revolutionary Anarchist Organization, a French anarchist organization * Office of Global Regulatory Operation ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland that regulates and facilitates international trade. Governments use the organization to establish, revise, and enforce the rules that govern international trade in cooperation with the United Nations System. The WTO is the world's largest international economic organization, with 166 members representing over 98% of global trade and global GDP. The WTO facilitates trade in goods, trade in services, services and intellectual property among participating countries by providing a framework for negotiating trade agreements, which usually aim to reduce or eliminate tariffs, Import quota, quotas, and other Trade barrier, restrictions; these agreements are signed by representatives of member governments. (The document's printed folio numbers do not match the PDF page numbers.) and ratified by their legislatures. It also administers independent dispute resolution for enforcing ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Directorate-General For Competition
Within the European Union (EU), Directorates-General are departments with specific zones of responsibility. Within the European Commission specifically, Directorates-General are the equivalent of national-level ministries. Most are headed by a European commissioner, responsible for the general direction of the Directorate-General, and in charge of (politically responsible for) the corresponding policy area; and a director-general, responsible for the management of day-to-day affairs, who reports to the European Commissioner. Nearly all of the top-level organisational divisions of the Secretariat of the European Parliament and the General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union are also termed Directorates-General. The European Patent Office (part of the European Patent Organisation, separate from the EU) also has Directorates-General, which are administrative groupings of departments. Directorates-General of the European Commission The Directorates-General of the ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
State Aid (European Union)
State aid in the European Union is the name given to a subsidy or any other aid provided by a government that distorts competition. Under European Union competition law, the term has a legal meaning, being any measure that demonstrates any of the characteristics in Article 107 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, in that if it distorts competition or the free market, it is classified by the European Union as illegal state aid. Measures that fall within the definition of state aid are considered unlawful unless provided under an exemption or notified by the European Commission. In 2019, the EU member states provided state aid corresponding to 0.81% of the bloc's GDP. EU policy on state aid The Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (Art. 107, para. 1) reads: "Save as otherwise provided in this Treaty, any aid granted by a Member State or through State resources in any form whatsoever which distorts or threatens to distort competition by favouring cer ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
EU FDI Screening Framework
The European Union's foreign direct investment screening framework is defined in its FDI screening Regulation. The Regulation applies in all member states directly. It does not currently harmonise the FDI screening procedures of the EU member states; they may conduct FDI screening as they wish. However, they must make their screening policy transparent by notifying the European Commission and the other member states. This is to ensure that the FDI screenings operate fast, yet do not discriminate between different non-EU countries and do not disclose confidential and commercially sensitive information. In 2024, the European Commission made plans to oblige its member states to follow a minimum set of FDI screening standards, using minimum harmonisation. Current regulation The regulation puts in place a mechanism for member states to exchange information making it easier to screen a foreign investment on grounds of security. When an EU member state conducts an FDI screening, it ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Foreign Trade Of The European Union
Foreign may refer to: Government * Foreign policy, how a country interacts with other countries * Ministry of Foreign Affairs, in many countries ** Foreign Office, a department of the UK government ** Foreign office and foreign minister * United States state law, a legal matter in another state Science and technology * Foreign accent syndrome, a side effect of severe brain injury * Foreign key, a constraint in a relational database Arts and entertainment * Foreign film or world cinema, films and film industries of non-English-speaking countries * Foreign music or world music * Foreign literature or world literature * ''Foreign Policy'', a magazine Music * "Foreign", a song by Jessica Mauboy from her 2010 album ''Get 'Em Girls'' * "Foreign" (Trey Songz song), 2014 * "Foreign", a song by Lil Pump from the album '' Lil Pump'' Other uses * Foreign corporation, a corporation that can do business outside its jurisdiction * Foreign language A foreign language is a language that is ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Trade Policy
A commercial policy (also referred to as a trade policy or international trade policy) is a government's policy governing international trade. Commercial policy is an all encompassing term that is used to cover topics which involve international trade. Trade policy is often described in terms of a scale between the extremes of free trade (no restrictions on trade) on one side and protectionism (high restrictions to protect local producers) on the other. A common commercial policy can sometimes be agreed by treaty within a customs union, as with the Common commercial policy (EU), European Union's common commercial policy and in Common Commercial Policy (MERCOSUR), Mercosur. A nation's commercial policy will include and take into account the policies adopted by that nation's government while negotiating international trade. There are several factors that can affect a nation's commercial policy, all of which can affect international trade policies. Theories on international trade p ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
