Dual Control (aviation)
Dual control can refer either to a concept in government, or a concept in airplane operation: * Dual control (politics) * Dual control (aviation) See also *Dual control stand * Dual control theory *Dual mandate A dual mandate is the practice in which elected officials serve in more than one elected or other public position simultaneously. This practice is sometimes known as double jobbing in Britain and ''cumul des mandats'' in France; not to be confused ...

Dual Control (politics)
Dual control is the situation in which a national government agrees to share control of its country with representatives of foreign governments, called ''controllers'', because it is indebted to them. Examples *Egypt Egypt ( ar, مصر , ), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia via a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula. It is bordered by the Med ..., which was indebted to European powers after the completion of the Suez Canal and thus forced to accept controllers in its government in the 1870s. See also * Dual power, in which a revolutionary force attempts to provide alternative government services References {{gov-stub Marxist theory ...
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Dual Control (aviation)
Dual control can refer either to a concept in government, or a concept in airplane operation: * Dual control (politics) * Dual control (aviation) See also *Dual control stand * Dual control theory *Dual mandate A dual mandate is the practice in which elected officials serve in more than one elected or other public position simultaneously. This practice is sometimes known as double jobbing in Britain and ''cumul des mandats'' in France; not to be confused ...

Dual Control Stand
Rail terminology is a form of technical terminology. The difference between the American term ''railroad'' and the international term ''railway'' (used by the International Union of Railways and English-speaking countries outside the United States) is the most significant difference in rail terminology. These and other terms have often originated from the parallel development of rail transport systems in different parts of the world. In English-speaking countries outside the United Kingdom, a mixture of US and UK terms may exist. Various global terms are presented here. Where a term has multiple names, this is indicated. The abbreviation "UIC" refers to standard terms adopted by the International Union of Railways in its official publications and thesaurus. 0–9 A B ...
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Dual Control Theory
Dual control theory is a branch of control theory that deals with the control of systems whose characteristics are initially unknown. It is called ''dual'' because in controlling such a system the controller's objectives are twofold: * (1) Action: To control the system as well as possible based on current system knowledge * (2) Investigation: To experiment with the system so as to learn about its behavior and control it better in the future. These two objectives may be partly in conflict. In the context of reinforcement learning, this is known as the exploration-exploitation trade-off (e.g. Multi-armed bandit#Empirical motivation). Dual control theory was developed by Alexander Aronovich Fel'dbaum in 1960. He showed that in principle the optimal solution can be found by dynamic programming Dynamic programming is both a mathematical optimization method and a computer programming method. The method was developed by Richard Bellman in the 1950s and has found applications in ...
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