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Druya River
Druja (; ; ) is an agrotown in Braslaw District, Vitebsk Region, Belarus. It is located on the left bank of the Western Dvina, at the mouth of the Druyka River, opposite the Latvian parish of Piedruja. It is situated about northeast of Braslaw. The population is about 1,500 (2006). History Medieval Druja was a stronghold of the Massalski princely family fought over by the Grand Duchies of Lithuania and Muscovy through much of the 16th and 17th centuries. Maciej Stryjkowski mentions it in his chronicle when describing the events of 1386. Ownership passed to the Sapieha family in the 17th century. The fortified suburb of Sapieżyn was founded by Jan Stanisław Sapieha in 1618. The illuminated Druja Gospels date from 1580. In the 1921 census, 49.8% people declared Polish nationality, 33.8% declared Jewish nationality, 11.5% declared Belarusian nationality, and 3.4% declared Russian nationality. Following the joint German-Soviet invasion of Poland, which started World Wa ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Agrotown (Belarus)
An agrotown (; ) is an official type of rural settlement in Belarus introduced by a law passed in 1998. The law defines agrotowns as well-developed rural settlements with industrial and social infrastructure to ensure social standards for population living there and in the surrounding areas. The law further says that if a ''selsoviet'' (rural council) has agrotowns, its administrative center must be in an agrotown. If there is more than one agrotown, the selsoviet center is assigned by the Districts of Belarus, District Council of Deputies. The Belarusian government launched the program "State program for the revival and development of rural areas, for years 2005-2010" (), which provided for the establishment of agrotowns. By the end of the time allotted for the program, i.e., by January 2011, 1,512 agrotowns were established in Belarus, with about 8,000 new houses built. [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jan Stanisław Sapieha
Jan Stanisław Sapieha (; 25 October 1589 in Maladziečna – 10 April 1635 in Lyakhavichy) was a Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Polish–Lithuanian szlachta, noble, starost of Słonim, Court Marshal of Lithuania from 1617, Great Lithuanian Marshal from 1621. He was the son of Lew Sapieha. Jan studied abroad. He was a friend and supporter of prince and later king Władysław IV Vasa and served as a deputy to many Sejms. Sapieha took part in the Polish-Swedish wars, but gained the reputation of a weak tactician and suffered several defeats. Near the end of his life he had mental health problems, but his friend king Władysław IV allowed him to remain at the royal court until his death. References Sources * * 1589 births 1635 deaths People from Maladzyechna Sapieha family, Jan Stanislaw Sapieha Military personnel of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth Polish people of the Polish–Russian War (1609–1618) Grand Marshals of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania Court Mar ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jewish Cemetery In Druya
Jews (, , ), or the Jewish people, are an ethnoreligious group and nation, originating from the Israelites of ancient Israel and Judah. They also traditionally adhere to Judaism. Jewish ethnicity, religion, and community are highly interrelated, as Judaism is their ethnic religion, though it is not practiced by all ethnic Jews. Despite this, religious Jews regard converts to Judaism as members of the Jewish nation, pursuant to the long-standing conversion process. The Israelites emerged from the pre-existing Canaanite peoples to establish Israel and Judah in the Southern Levant during the Iron Age. John Day (2005), ''In Search of Pre-Exilic Israel'', Bloomsbury Publishing, pp. 47.5 8'In this sense, the emergence of ancient Israel is viewed not as the cause of the demise of Canaanite culture but as its upshot'. Originally, Jews referred to the inhabitants of the kingdom of JudahCf. Marcus Jastrow's ''Dictionary of the Targumim, Talmud Babli, Talmud Yerushalmi and Midr ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Jazep Hermanovich
Jazep Hiermanovich (also Yazep Germanovich, Belarusian Latin alphabet: Jazep Hermanovič; ; , 4 March 1890 - 26 December 1978) was a Belarusian Greek Catholic priest, poet and Gulag survivor. Early life Hermanovich was born in Halshany into a Belarusian Roman Catholic peasant family. He studied at schools in Halshany and Ashmiany. In 1913, he graduated from a Catholic seminary in Vilnius and was ordained priest. Work in West Belarus In 1921, he became a member of the Society of the Belarusian School, an organization promoting Belarusian-language education in West Belarus which was then part of the Second Polish Republic and where ethnic Belarusians and other speakers of minority languages faced coercive polonization by the Polish state. For some time, he preached Belarusian language sermons at the Church of St. Nicholas in Vilnius (then Wilno). In 1924, Hermanovich joined the Congregation of Marian Fathers. He moved to the town of Druja where he was part of the communi ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Cheslaus Sipovich
Ceslaus Sipovich (, Łacinka: Česłaǔ Sipovič) (8 December 1914 – 4 October 1981) was a bishop of the Belarusian Greek Catholic Church, a titular bishop of Mariamme, and a notable Belarusian émigré social and religious leader. Early life Bishop Sipovich was born on 8 December 1914 into a large farming family in the village of Dziedzinka, Braslau District, Kovno Province of the Russian Empire (nowadays Mijory District, Viciebsk Region of Belarus). He felt a priesthood vocation from an early age while attending catholic school in Druja. In 1935 Sipovich went to University of Wilno to read Philosophy and Theology followed by studies at the Pontifical Greek College in Rome between 1938-1942. In 1940 he was ordained a priest in the Greek-Catholic rite. In 1946 he obtained his doctorate from the Pontifical Oriental Institute. Later life in Britain In 1947 Sipovich moved to Great Britain to serve the spiritual needs of thousands of ethnic Belarusians (mainly former so ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Andrei Tsikota
Archmandrite Andrei Tsikota MIC ( zh, 祁高德, , Andrej Cikota, , also Andrew Cikoto;Servant of God Archmandrite Andrew Cikoto (1891-1952) - Biography at the official website 5 December 1891, Vilno Governorate - 11 February 1952, ) was a |
Jurgis Matulaitis-Matulevičius
Jurgis Matulaitis-Matulevičius (; 13 April 1871 - 27 January 1927) was a Latin Church Catholic prelate who served as the Bishop of Vilnius from late 1918 until his resignation in 1925. Matulaitis was also the founder of the Sisters of the Immaculate Conception and the Handmaids of Jesus in the Eucharist; he served as the Superior-General of the Marian Fathers from 1911 until his death. He worked in secret to revive the Marian Fathers after the Russian authorities suppressed all religious orders and he even relinquished his teaching position to better dedicate himself to that secret revival. He was a noted teacher and spiritual director who set up other branches of the order in places such as Switzerland and the United States far from Russian authorities. Matulaitis' cause for sainthood opened in the 1950s before he was titled as Venerable in 1982. Pope John Paul II beatified the late bishop on 28 June 1987 in Saint Peter's Basilica and referred to the bishop as a "man of God's ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Interwar Period
In the history of the 20th century, the interwar period, also known as the interbellum (), lasted from 11 November 1918 to 1 September 1939 (20 years, 9 months, 21 days) – from the end of World War I (WWI) to the beginning of World War II (WWII). It was relatively short, yet featured many social, political, military, and economic changes throughout the world. Petroleum-based energy production and associated mechanisation led to the prosperous Roaring Twenties, a time of social mobility, social and economic mobility for the middle class. Automobiles, electric lighting, radio, and more became common among populations in the developed world, first world. The era's indulgences were followed by the Great Depression, an unprecedented worldwide economic downturn that severely damaged many of the world's largest economies. Politically, the era coincided with the rise of communism, starting in Russia with the October Revolution and Russian Civil War, at the end of WWI, and ended with ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Baroque
The Baroque ( , , ) is a Western Style (visual arts), style of Baroque architecture, architecture, Baroque music, music, Baroque dance, dance, Baroque painting, painting, Baroque sculpture, sculpture, poetry, and other arts that flourished from the early 17th century until the 1750s. It followed Renaissance art and Mannerism and preceded the Rococo (in the past often referred to as "late Baroque") and Neoclassicism, Neoclassical styles. It was encouraged by the Catholic Church as a means to counter the simplicity and austerity of Protestant architecture, art, and music, though Lutheran art#Baroque period, Lutheran Baroque art developed in parts of Europe as well. The Baroque style used contrast, movement, exuberant detail, deep color, grandeur, and surprise to achieve a sense of awe. The style began at the start of the 17th century in Rome, then spread rapidly to the rest of Italy, France, Spain, and Portugal, then to Austria, southern Germany, Poland and Russia. By the 1730s, i ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
Occupation Of Poland (1939–1945)
During World War II, Poland was occupied by Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union following the invasion in September 1939, and it was formally concluded with the defeat of Germany by the Allies in May 1945. Throughout the entire course of the occupation, the territory of Poland was divided between Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union (USSR), both of which intended to eradicate Poland's culture and subjugate its people. In the summer-autumn of 1941, the lands which were annexed by the Soviets were overrun by Germany in the course of the initially successful German attack on the USSR. After a few years of fighting, the Red Army drove the German forces out of the USSR and crossed into Poland from the rest of Central and Eastern Europe. Sociologist Tadeusz Piotrowski argues that both occupying powers were hostile to the existence of Poland's sovereignty, people, and the culture and aimed to destroy them. Before Operation Barbarossa, Germany and the Soviet Union coordinated th ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a World war, global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies of World War II, Allies and the Axis powers. World War II by country, Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war. Tanks in World War II, Tanks and Air warfare of World War II, aircraft played major roles, enabling the strategic bombing of cities and delivery of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, first and only nuclear weapons ever used in war. World War II is the List of wars by death toll, deadliest conflict in history, causing World War II casualties, the death of 70 to 85 million people, more than half of whom were civilians. Millions died in genocides, including the Holocaust, and by massacres, starvation, and disease. After the Allied victory, Allied-occupied Germany, Germany, Allied-occupied Austria, Austria, Occupation of Japan, Japan, a ... [...More Info...] [...Related Items...] OR: [Wikipedia] [Google] [Baidu] |
